Role of Molecular Breeding Tools in Enhancing the Breeding of Drought-Resilient Cotton Genotypes: An Updated Review

Water, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(7), С. 1377 - 1377

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2023

Drought stress is an inevitable factor that disturbs the production of plants by altering morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular functions. Breeding for drought tolerance requires a complete understanding factors controlling stress-responsive pathways. The plant responds to adopting four mechanisms: avoidance, escape, tolerance, recovery. Traditional plant-breeding tools have been employed increase in cotton, but complexity has limited use these breeding methods. adopts several key strategies against stress, such as activating signaling network factors. Cotton breeders engaged elucidating mechanisms cotton using significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, transcription (TFs) analysis, transcriptome genome-wide association studies (GWAS), genetic engineering, CRISPR/Cas9. Breeders studied functional description genes interacting pathways accountable cotton. Hundreds genes/QTL identified, many cloned cotton; however, traits still needs more study. This review presents detailed overview tools, their application improving prospects. will help future researchers conduct further develop drought-tolerant genotypes can thrive under conditions water scarcity.

Язык: Английский

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Genomics empowering conservation action and improvement of celery in the face of climate change

Planta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 259(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Establishment of genome‐editing system and assembly of a near‐complete genome in broomcorn millet

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 66(8), С. 1688 - 1702

Опубликована: Май 2, 2024

The ancient crop broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is an indispensable orphan in semi-arid regions due to its short life cycle and excellent abiotic stress tolerance. These advantages make it important alternative increase food security achieve the goal of zero hunger, particularly light uncertainty global climate change. However, functional genomic biotechnological research has been hampered a lack genetic tools such as transformation genome-editing techniques. Here, we successfully performed genome editing millet. We identified elite variety, Hongmi, that produces embryogenic callus high shoot regeneration ability vitro culture. established Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated protocol clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9-mediated system for Hongmi. Using these techniques, produced herbicide-resistant transgenic plants edited phytoene desaturase (PmPDS), which involved chlorophyll biosynthesis. To facilitate rapid adoption Hongmi model line research, assembled near-complete sequence comprehensively annotated genome. Together, our results open door improving using biotechnology.

Язык: Английский

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Green revolution to genome revolution: driving better resilient crops against environmental instability

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2023

Crop improvement programmes began with traditional breeding practices since the inception of agriculture. Farmers and plant breeders continue to use these strategies for crop due their broad application in modifying genetic compositions. Nonetheless, conventional has significant downsides regard effort time. productivity seems be hitting a plateau as consequence environmental issues scarcity agricultural land. Therefore, continuous pursuit advancement is essential. Recent technical innovations have resulted revolutionary shift pattern methods, leaning further towards molecular approaches. Among promising approaches, marker-assisted selection, QTL mapping, omics-assisted breeding, genome-wide association studies genome editing lately gained prominence. Several governments progressively relaxed restrictions relating editing. The present review highlights evolutionary approaches that been utilized bid produce climate-resilient crops observing climate change. Additionally, it will contribute comprehension succession so far. Investing advanced sequencing technologies bioinformatics deepen our understanding variations functional implications, contributing breakthroughs biodiversity conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Future-Proofing Agriculture: De Novo Domestication for Sustainable and Resilient Crops

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(4), С. 2374 - 2374

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024

The worldwide agricultural system confronts a significant challenge represented by the increasing demand for food in face of growing global population. This is exacerbated reduction cultivable land and adverse effects climate change on crop yield quantity quality. Breeders actively embrace cutting-edge omics technologies to pursue resilient genotypes response these pressing issues. In this context, new breeding techniques (NBTs) are emerging as future agriculture, offering solution introduce crops that can ensure security, particularly against challenging events. Indeed, search domestication genes well genetic modification loci wild species using genome editing tools crucial steps carrying out de novo plants without compromising their background. Current knowledge allows us take different paths from those taken early Neolithic farmers, where has opposed natural selection. process traits alleles negatively correlated with high resource environment performance probably eradicated through artificial selection, while others may have been lost randomly due bottlenecks. Thus, led highly productive little diversity, owing loss valuable had evolved tolerate biotic abiotic stresses. Recent technological advances increased feasibility promising approach crafting optimal ensuring security more sustainable, low-input agriculture. Here, we explore what are, coupled advancement enabling precise manipulation target sequences, pointing application development.

Язык: Английский

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