Clinical Microbiology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
35(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022
The
human
body
is
full
of
an
extensive
number
commensal
microbes,
consisting
bacteria,
viruses,
and
fungi,
collectively
termed
the
microbiome.
initial
acquisition
microbiota
occurs
from
both
external
maternal
environments,
vast
majority
them
colonize
gastrointestinal
tract
(GIT).
These
microbial
communities
play
a
central
role
in
maturation
development
immune
system,
nervous
GIT
system
are
also
responsible
for
essential
metabolic
pathways.
Various
factors,
including
host
genetic
predisposition,
environmental
lifestyle,
diet,
antibiotic
or
nonantibiotic
drug
use,
etc.,
affect
composition
gut
microbiota.
Recent
publications
have
highlighted
that
imbalance
microflora,
known
as
dysbiosis,
associated
with
onset
progression
neurological
disorders.
Moreover,
characterization
microbiome-host
cross
talk
pathways
provides
insight
into
novel
therapeutic
strategies.
Novel
preclinical
clinical
research
on
interventions
related
to
microbiome
treating
conditions,
autism
spectrum
disorders,
Parkinson's
disease,
schizophrenia,
multiple
sclerosis,
Alzheimer's
epilepsy,
stroke,
hold
significant
promise.
This
review
aims
present
comprehensive
overview
potential
involvement
pathogenesis
particular
emphasis
microbe-based
therapies
and/or
diagnostic
biomarkers.
discusses
health
benefits
administration
probiotics,
prebiotics,
postbiotics,
synbiotics
fecal
transplantation
British Journal of Anaesthesia,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
123(5), С. 637 - 654
Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2019
The
relationship
between
gut
microbiota
and
neurological
diseases,
including
chronic
pain,
has
received
increasing
attention.
microbiome
is
a
crucial
modulator
of
visceral
whereas
recent
evidence
suggests
that
may
also
play
critical
role
in
many
other
types
inflammatory
headache,
neuropathic
opioid
tolerance.
We
present
narrative
review
the
current
understanding
on
pain
regulation
discuss
possibility
targeting
for
management
pain.
Numerous
signalling
molecules
derived
from
microbiota,
such
as
by-products
metabolites,
neurotransmitters,
neuromodulators,
act
their
receptors
remarkably
regulate
peripheral
central
sensitisation,
which
turn
mediate
development
Gut
microbiota-derived
mediators
serve
modulators
induction
directly
or
indirectly
regulating
excitability
primary
nociceptive
neurones.
In
nervous
system,
neuroinflammation,
involves
activation
cells
blood-brain
barrier,
microglia,
infiltrating
immune
cells,
to
modulate
maintenance
sensitisation.
Thus,
we
propose
regulates
by
diet
pharmabiotic
intervention
represent
new
therapeutic
strategy
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
populated
with
a
diverse
microbial
community.
vast
genetic
and
metabolic
potential
of
the
gut
microbiome
underpins
its
ubiquity
in
nearly
every
aspect
biology,
including
health
maintenance,
development,
aging,
disease.
advent
new
sequencing
technologies
culture-independent
methods
has
allowed
researchers
to
move
beyond
correlative
studies
toward
mechanistic
explorations
shed
light
on
microbiome–host
interactions.
Evidence
unveiled
bidirectional
communication
between
central
nervous
system,
referred
as
“microbiota–gut–brain
axis”.
microbiota–gut–brain
axis
represents
an
important
regulator
glial
functions,
making
it
actionable
target
ameliorate
development
progression
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanisms
As
provides
essential
cues
microglia,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
examine
communications
microbiota
these
cells
during
healthy
states
Subsequently,
diseases
using
metabolite-centric
approach,
while
also
examining
role
microbiota-related
neurotransmitters
hormones.
Next,
targeting
intestinal
barrier,
blood–brain
meninges,
peripheral
immune
system
counteract
dysfunction
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
conclude
by
assessing
pre-clinical
clinical
evidence
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
A
thorough
comprehension
will
foster
effective
therapeutic
interventions
for
management
Brain Research Bulletin,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
182, С. 44 - 56
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2022
Depression
is
the
most
common
mental
disorder
and
a
leading
cause
of
disability
worldwide.
Despite
abundant
research,
precise
mechanisms
underlying
pathophysiology
depression
remain
elusive.
Accumulating
evidence
from
preclinical
clinical
studies
suggests
that
alterations
in
gut
microbiota,
microbe-derived
short-chain
fatty
acids,
D-amino
acids
metabolites
play
key
role
via
brain–gut–microbiota
axis,
including
neural
immune
systems.
Notably,
axis
might
crucial
susceptibility
versus
resilience
rodents
exposed
to
stress.
Vagotomy
reported
block
depression-like
phenotypes
after
fecal
microbiota
transplantation
"depression-related"
microbiome,
suggesting
vagus
nerve
influences
through
axis.
In
this
article,
we
review
recent
findings
regarding
discuss
its
potential
as
therapeutic
target
for
depression.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(19), С. 11245 - 11245
Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2022
Modulating
the
gut
microbiome
and
its
influence
on
human
health
is
subject
of
intense
research.
The
microbiota
could
be
associated
not
only
with
gastroenterological
diseases
but
also
psychiatric
disorders.
importance
factors
such
as
stress,
mode
delivery,
role
probiotics,
circadian
clock
system,
diet,
occupational
environmental
exposure
in
relationship
between
brain
function
through
bidirectional
communication,
described
"the
microbiome-gut-brain
axis",
especially
underlined.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
link
intestinal
host
response
involving
different
pathways
nervous
system
(e.g.,
neurotransmitters,
endocrine
immunological
mechanisms,
or
bacterial
metabolites).
We
review
alterations
their
results
development
disorders,
including
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
schizophrenia
(SCZ),
bipolar
(BD),
autism
spectrum
(ASD),
attention-deficit
hyperactivity
(ADHD).
Previous
studies
have
identified
a
crucial
role
of
the
gut
microbiome
in
modifying
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
progression.
However,
mechanisms
microbiome–brain
interaction
AD
were
so
far
unknown.
Here,
we
identify
microbiota-derived
short
chain
fatty
acids
(SCFA)
as
microbial
metabolites
which
promote
Aβ
deposition.
Germ-free
(GF)
mice
exhibit
substantially
reduced
plaque
load
and
markedly
SCFA
plasma
concentrations;
conversely,
supplementation
to
GF
increased
levels
conventionally
colonized
(specific
pathogen-free
[SPF])
animals
SPF
even
further
exacerbated
load.
This
was
accompanied
by
pronounced
alterations
microglial
transcriptomic
profile,
including
upregulation
ApoE.
Despite
recruitment
plaques
upon
supplementation,
microglia
contained
less
intracellular
Aβ.
Taken
together,
our
results
demonstrate
that
are
critical
mediators
along
gut-brain
axis
deposition
likely
via
modulation
phenotype.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
devastating
age-related
neurodegenerative
disorder
with
an
alarming
increasing
prevalence.
Except
for
the
recently
FDA-approved
Aducanumab
of
which
therapeutic
effect
not
yet
conclusively
proven,
only
symptomatic
medication
that
effective
some
AD
patients
available.
In
order
to
be
able
design
more
rational
and
treatments,
our
understanding
mechanisms
behind
pathogenesis
progression
urgently
needs
improved.
Over
last
years,
it
became
increasingly
clear
peripheral
inflammation
one
detrimental
factors
can
contribute
disease.
Here,
we
discuss
current
how
systemic
intestinal
(referred
as
gut-brain
axis)
inflammatory
processes
may
affect
brain
pathology,
specific
focus
on
AD.
Moreover,
give
comprehensive
overview
different
preclinical
well
clinical
studies
link
Inflammation
initiation
progression.
Altogether,
this
review
broadens
pathology
help
in
further
research
aiming
identify
novel
targets.
Molecular Neurodegeneration,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
the
most
common
cause
of
dementia,
results
in
a
sustained
decline
cognition.
There
are
currently
few
effective
modifying
therapies
for
AD,
but
insights
into
mechanisms
that
mediate
onset
and
progression
may
lead
to
new,
therapeutic
strategies.
Amyloid
beta
oligomers
plaques,
tau
aggregates,
neuroinflammation
play
critical
role
neurodegeneration
impact
clinical
AD
progression.
The
upstream
modulators
these
pathological
features
have
not
been
fully
clarified,
recent
evidence
indicates
gut
microbiome
(GMB)
an
influence
on
therefore
human
patients.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
studies
identified
alterations
GMB
correlate
with
pathophysiology
patients
mouse
models.
Additionally,
discuss
findings
manipulations
models
potential
GMB-targeted
therapeutics
AD.
Lastly,
diet,
sleep,
exercise
as
modifiers
relationship
between
conclude
future
directions
recommendations
further
topic.
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
43(3), С. 293 - 305
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2020
The
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
is
a
bidirectional
signaling
mechanism
between
the
gastrointestinal
tract
and
central
nervous
system.
complexity
of
intestinal
ecosystem
extraordinary;
it
comprises
more
than
100
trillion
microbial
cells
that
inhabit
small
large
intestine,
this
interaction
microbiota
epithelium
can
cause
physiological
changes
in
brain
influence
mood
behavior.
Currently,
there
has
been
an
emphasis
on
how
such
interactions
affect
mental
health.
Evidence
indicates
are
involved
neurological
psychiatric
disorders.
This
review
covers
evidence
for
gut
behavior
Alzheimer
disease,
dementia,
anxiety,
autism
spectrum
disorder,
bipolar
major
depressive
Parkinson's
schizophrenia.
primary
focus
pathways
metabolites
origin,
including
short-chain
fatty
acids,
tryptophan
metabolites,
bacterial
components
activate
host's
immune
We
also
list
clinical
regarding
prebiotics,
probiotics,
fecal
transplantation
as
adjuvant
therapies
neuropsychiatric
