Dysbiosis, gut barrier dysfunction and inflammation in dementia: a pilot study

BMC Geriatrics, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2020

Abstract Background Dementia is an increasing public health threat worldwide. The pathogenesis of dementia has not been fully elucidated yet. Inflammatory processes are hypothesized to play important role as a driver for cognitive decline but the origin inflammation clear. We hypothesize that disturbances in gut microbiome composition, barrier dysfunction, bacterial translocation and resulting associated with dysfunction dementia. Methods To test this hypothesis, cohort 23 patients 18 age sex matched controls without impairments were studied. Gut assessed from stool serum samples. Malnutrition was by Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), detailed information on drug use collected. Microbiome composition 16S rRNA sequencing, QIIME 2 Calypso 7.14 tools. Results dysbiosis characterized differences beta diversity changes taxonomic composition. permeability increased evidenced diamine oxidase (DAO) levels systemic confirmed soluble cluster differentiation 14 (sCD14). BMI statin had strongest impact Conclusion biomarkers inflammation. Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group potential butyrate producer reduced intake factors, Increasing producing bacteria targeting malnutrition may be promising therapeutic targets Trial registration NCT03167983 .

Язык: Английский

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Replacing fishmeal with plant protein in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) diets by supplementation with fish protein hydrolysate

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Март 6, 2020

The effects of feeding an 80% plant protein diet, with and without fish hydrolysate (FPH) supplementation, on the growth gut health Atlantic salmon were investigated. Fish fed either (A) a control diet containing 35% fishmeal, (B) 15% (C) 5% fishmeal 10% partly hydrolysed protein, or (D) soluble hydrolysate. plant- significantly smaller than in other dietary groups. However, partly-hydrolysed supplementation allowed to grow as well diet. FPH diets (diets C D) had higher levels amino acids their blood, including 48% 27% more branched chain compared respectively. Plant altered microbial composition, decreasing α-diversity. Spirochaetes families Moritellaceae, Psychromonadaceae, Helicobacteraceae Bacteroidaceae all found at lower abundances groups

Язык: Английский

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Linking Human Milk Oligosaccharides, Infant Fecal Community Types, and Later Risk To Require Antibiotics

mBio, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(2)

Опубликована: Март 16, 2020

Human milk is the sole and recommended nutrition for newborn infant contains one of largest constituents diverse oligosaccharides, dubbed human oligosaccharides (HMOs). Preclinical clinical association studies indicate that HMOs have multiple physiological functions largely mediated through establishment gut microbiome. Until recently, were not available to investigate their role in randomized controlled intervention trials. To our knowledge, this first report on effects 2 establishing microbiota infants. We provide a detailed description changes observed upon feeding formula with comparison breastfed reference infants' microbiota. Then, we associate long-term health as assessed by prescribed antibiotic use.

Язык: Английский

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A catalogue of 1,167 genomes from the human gut archaeome

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(1), С. 48 - 61

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2021

The human gut microbiome plays an important role in health, but its archaeal diversity remains largely unexplored. In the present study, we report analysis of 1,167 nonredundant genomes (608 high-quality genomes) recovered from gastrointestinal tract, sampled across 24 countries and rural urban populations. We identified previously undescribed taxa including 3 genera, 15 species 52 strains. Based on distinct genomic features, justify split Methanobrevibacter smithii clade into two separate species, with one represented by 'Candidatus intestini'. Patterns derived 28,581 protein clusters showed significant associations sociodemographic characteristics such as age groups lifestyle. additionally show that archaea are characterized specific functional adaptations to host carry a complex virome. Our work expands our current understanding archaeome provides large genome catalogue for future analyses decipher impact physiology.

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiome, mild cognitive impairment, and probiotics: A randomized clinical trial in middle-aged and older adults

Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(11), С. 2565 - 2576

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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The functional role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in enhancing soil organic carbon stocks and stability in dryland

Soil and Tillage Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 248, С. 106443 - 106443

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Effects of Eimeria tenella infection on chicken caecal microbiome diversity, exploring variation associated with severity of pathology

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 12(9), С. e0184890 - e0184890

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2017

Eimeria species cause the intestinal disease coccidiosis, most notably in poultry. While direct impact of coccidiosis on animal health and welfare is clear, its influence enteric microbiota by-stander effects chicken production remains largely unknown, with possible exception Clostridium perfringens (necrotic enteritis). This study evaluated composition structure caecal microbiome presence or absence a defined tenella challenge infection Cobb500 broiler chickens using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. The severity clinical individual was quantified by lesion scoring microbial changes associated different scores identified. Following E. diversity taxa within remained stable. However, induced significant abundance some taxa. greatest were detected birds displaying severe pathology; belonging to order Enterobacteriaceae increased, while from Bacillales Lactobacillales decreased correlated severity. Significantly profiles also infected which asymptomatic (lesion score 0), genera Bacteroides Lactobacillus increased. Many differential Clostridiales identified, increasing others decreasing Eimeria-infected animals. results support view that dysbiosis contributes pathology, could be target for intervention mitigate poultry productivity welfare. work highlights has bacteria notable differences between categories emphasising importance accounting lesions when investigating relationship microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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An insight into intestinal mucosal microbiota disruption after stroke

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2018

Recent work from our laboratory has provided evidence that indicates selective bacterial translocation the host gut microbiota to peripheral tissues (i.e. lung) plays a key role in development of post-stroke infections. Despite this, it is currently unknown whether mucosal bacteria live on and interact closely with intestinal epithelium contribute regulating after stroke. Here, we found microbial communities within mucosa gastrointestinal tract (GIT) were significantly different between sham-operated mice at 24 h following surgery. The differences composition substantial all sections GIT significant, even phylum level. main characteristics stroke-induced shift an increased abundance Akkermansia muciniphila excessive clostridial species. Furthermore, analysed predicted functional potential altered induced by stroke using PICRUSt revealed significant increases functions associated infectious diseases, membrane transport xenobiotic degradation. Our findings induces far-reaching robust changes microbiota. A better understanding precise molecular events leading up may represent novel therapy targets improve patient outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota and body composition in anorexia nervosa inpatients in comparison to athletes, overweight, obese, and normal weight controls

International Journal of Eating Disorders, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 50(12), С. 1421 - 1431

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2017

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a heterogeneous eating disorder associated with alterations of body structure and the gut microbiome. We aimed to investigate microbiota composition large female cohort including different BMI groups activity levels along parameters.106 participants were included in this cross-sectional study: AN patients (n = 18), athletes 20), normal weight 26), overweight 22), obese women 20). DNA was extracted from stool samples subjected 16S rRNA gene analysis. The software Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology (QIIME) used analyze data. Additionally, we performed anthropometric assessments, ultrasound measurements subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness, bioimpedance analysis, administered depression inventories, ascertained laboratory parameters dietary intakes.Alpha diversity particularly lower compared other groups, while showed highest alpha diversity. Several categories significantly community identified: fat parameters, serum lipids, CRP, scales smoking. Comparative analysis revealed Coriobacteriaceae as only enriched phylotype entities (LDA score >3.5).This study provides further evidence intestinal dysbiosis sheds light on characteristics microbiome physical groups. These insights point new modulation possibilities which could improve standard therapy AN.

Язык: Английский

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Disruption of maternal gut microbiota during gestation alters offspring microbiota and immunity

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2018

Early life microbiota is an important determinant of immune and metabolic development may have lasting consequences. The maternal gut during pregnancy or breastfeeding for defining infant microbiota. We hypothesized that a critical immunity. To test this, pregnant BALB/c dams were fed vancomycin 5 days prior to delivery (gestation; Mg), 14 postpartum nursing (Mn), gestation (Mgn), no (Mc). analyzed adaptive immunity in pups at various times after delivery. In addition direct alterations microbial composition, pup displayed lower α-diversity distinct community clusters according timing vancomycin. Vancomycin was undetectable offspring sera, therefore the observed changes stomach contents (as proxy breastmilk) signify indirect mechanism through which intestinal influences extra-intestinal neonatal commensal colonization. These effects on influenced both Maternal altered, as demonstrated by significantly higher levels total IgG IgM Mgn Mn breastmilk when compared Mc. pups, lymphocyte numbers spleens Pg Pn increased Pc. This increase cellularity part attributable elevated CD4+ T cells B cells, most notable Follicular cells. Our results indicate perturbations dictate

Язык: Английский

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