bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2023
Summary
Movement
and
locomotion
are
controlled
by
large
neuronal
circuits
like
the
cortex-basal
ganglia
(BG)-thalamus
loop.
Inhibitory
output
of
BG
loop
can
directly
control
movement
via
specialized
connections
with
brainstem.
Whether
other
parallel
loops
similar
logic
exist
is
presently
unclear.
Here
we
demonstrate
that
glycine
transporter
2-positive
(GlyT2+)
cells
pontine
reticular
formation
(PRF)
receive
cortical
inputs
in
turn
innervate
thalamus.
Thalamus-projecting
GlyT2+
subcortical
regions
distinct
from
targets.
Cortical
co-innervate
PRF/GlyT2+
thalamus
as
loops.
Cortex
exerts
strong
excitatory
on
these
neurons
powerfully
inhibit
their
thalamic
Activation
projecting
leads
to
contralateral
turning.
These
results
PRF
part
a
cortico-subcortical
regulates
motor
activity
circuits.
The
cortico-PRF-thalamus
synergistically
turning
descending
pathways.
Graphical
abstract
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Март 14, 2025
Predatory
hunting
plays
a
critical
role
in
animal
survival.
Motion-related
vibrissal
somatosensory
signaling
is
essential
for
prey
detection
and
mice.
However,
little
known
about
the
neural
circuits
that
convert
cues
to
trigger
predatory
hunting.
Here,
we
report
mechanical
force
onto
area
of
male
mice
key
stimulus
Mechanically
evoked
was
abrogated
by
chemogenetic
inactivation
cholecystokinin-positive
(Cck+)
neurons
spinal
trigeminal
nucleus
interpolaris
(Sp5I).
The
Cck+
Sp5I
responded
intensity
sent
signals
superior
colliculus
were
relevant
stereotypical
motor
actions.
Synaptic
projections
from
impaired
mechanically
attacks.
Together,
these
data
reveal
circuit
specifically
engaged
translating
provoke
This
study
reveals
respond
vibrissae
stimuli
send
inputs
colliculus,
which
are
behaviour.
Introduction
Chronic
pain
presents
a
significant
challenge
in
achieving
effective
treatment
and
can
greatly
reduce
patients'
quality
of
life.
Many
individuals
undergo
multiple
therapies
with
limited
success.
Stereotactic
medial
thalamotomy
is
option
for
certain
types
chronic
when
other
measures
have
failed.
This
study
aims
to
assess
the
efficacy
safety
radiosurgical
based
on
nearly
decade
experience
managing
intractable
both
malignant
non-malignant
origins.
Methods
retrospective
included
56
patients
who
underwent
radiosurgery
thalamus
refractory
neuropathic
or
mixed
cancer
pain.
Treatment
approaches
involved
single
thalamic
irradiation,
bilateral
thalamotomy,
dual-target
irradiation
trigeminal
nerve,
triple-target
pituitary
gland
thalami.
Results
Pain
intensity
was
significantly
reduced
at
final
follow-up
treated
(Student's
t-test,
p
<
0.001),
(Wilcoxon
test,
single/bilateral
=
0.01).
The
median
time
relief
2.5
days
treatment,
three
1.5
33
thalamotomy.
Overall,
success,
defined
as
least
50%
relief,
69.1%
entire
cohort.
success
rate
66.6%
oncologic
71.7%
non-oncologic
Conclusion
Radiosurgical
an
alternative
treating
cancer-related
predominantly
Various
regimens
be
employed
multi-target
strategy
tailored
origin
characteristics
pain,
offering
most
minimal
morbidity.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024
Abstract
Human
high-order
thalamic
nuclei
have
been
known
to
closely
correlate
with
conscious
states.
However,
given
the
great
difference
of
states
and
contents
(conscious
perception),
it
is
nearly
unknown
how
those
thalamocortical
interactions
directly
contribute
transient
process
perception.
To
address
this
question,
we
simultaneously
recorded
local
field
potentials
(LFP)
in
human
intralaminar,
medial
ventral
as
well
prefrontal
cortex
(PFC),
while
patients
implanted
electrodes
performing
a
visual
consciousness
task.
Overall,
compared
nuclei,
intralaminar
showed
earlier
stronger
consciousness-related
activity.
Moreover,
neural
synchrony
cross-frequency
coupling
were
both
driven
by
theta
phase
during
These
results
indicated
that
rather
than
commonly
believed
PFC,
play
decisive
‘gate’
role
Highlights
Intralaminar
activity,
comparing
nuclei.
transiently
drove
synchronization
through
(2-8Hz)
modulation
emergence
consciousness.
Theta
activity
dynamically
regulated
amplitude
PFC
more
regulation
on
lateral
other
subregions
European Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
60(7), С. 5731 - 5749
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Efficient
social
interaction
is
essential
for
an
adaptive
life
and
consists
of
sequential
processes
multisensory
events
with
counterparts.
Social
touch/contact
a
unique
component
that
promotes
sequence
behaviours
initiated
by
detection
approach
to
assess
stimulus
subsequent
form
prosocial
relationships.
We
hypothesized
the
thalamic
sensory
relay
circuit
from
posterior
intralaminar
nucleus
thalamus
(pIL)
paraventricular
hypothalamus
(PVN)
medial
amygdala
(MeA)
plays
key
role
in
contact-mediated
events.
found
neurons
pIL
along
PVN
MeA
were
activated
encounters
activity
was
more
abundant
direct
physical
encounter,
whereas
dominant
indirect
through
grid
encounter.
Chemogenetic
inhibition
selectively
decreased
investigatory
sniffing
same-sex,
but
not
opposite-sex,
mouse
encounter
situation
facial/snout
contact
ratio
setting.
Furthermore,
chemogenetic
had
no
impact
on
anxiety-like
or
body
coordinative
motor
behaviours,
it
impaired
whisker-related
plantar
touch
tactile
sense.
propose
can
sensations
mediate
nonsexual
interactions
thus
significant
establishing
relationships
models.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
296, С. 120686 - 120686
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2024
Centromedian
nucleus
(CM)
is
one
of
several
intralaminar
nuclei
the
thalamus
and
thought
to
be
involved
in
consciousness,
arousal,
attention.
CM
has
been
suggested
play
a
key
role
control
attention,
by
regulating
flow
information
different
brain
regions
such
as
ascending
reticular
system,
basal
ganglia,
cortex.
While
neurophysiology
attention
visual
auditory
systems
studied
animal
models,
combined
single
unit
LFP
recordings
human
have
not,
our
knowledge,
reported.
Here,
we
recorded
neuronal
activity
11
patients
prior
insertion
deep
stimulation
electrodes
for
treatment
epilepsy
while
subjects
performed
an
task.
Patients
were
requested
attend
count
infrequent
(p
=
0.2)
odd
or
"deviant"
tones,
ignore
frequent
standard
tones
report
total
number
deviant
at
trial
completion.
Spikes
discriminated,
LFPs
band
pass
filtered
(5-45
Hz).
Average
peri‑stimulus
time
histograms
spectra
constructed
aligning
on
tone
onsets
statistically
compared.
The
firing
rate
neurons
showed
selective,
multi-phasic
responses
81%
tested
neurons.
Local
field
potential
analysis
selective
beta
low
gamma
(13-45
Hz)
modulations
response
also
pattern.
current
study
demonstrates
that
are
under
top-down
participate
processing
during
working
memory.
These
results,
taken
together,
implicate
memory
support
oscillatory
cognitive
processes.
It
implications
DBS
therapy
non-motor
symptoms
PD,
apathy
other
disorders
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023
Abstract
Motor
adaptation
in
cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical
loops
has
been
studied
mainly
animals
using
invasive
electrophysiology.
Here,
we
leverage
functional
neuroimaging
humans
to
study
motor
circuit
plasticity
the
human
subcortex.
We
employed
an
experimental
paradigm
that
combined
two
weeks
of
upper-extremity
immobilization
with
daily
resting-state
and
task
fMRI
before,
during,
after
casting
period.
previously
showed
limb
disuse
leads
decreased
connectivity
(FC)
contralateral
somatomotor
cortex
(SM1)
ipsilateral
cortex,
increased
FC
cingulo-opercular
network
(CON)
as
well
emergence
high
amplitude,
signal
pulses
localized
SM1,
supplementary
area
cerebellum.
From
our
prior
observations,
it
remains
unclear
whether
affects
thalamus
striatum.
extended
analysis
include
these
subcortical
regions
found
both
exhibit
strengthened
cortical
spontaneous
induced
by
disuse.
The
dorsal
posterior
putamen
central
thalamus,
CM,
VLP
VIM
nuclei,
changes
lined
up
fmri
activations
from
Human
connectome
project
system
localizer,
acquired
before
for
each
participant.
Our
findings
provide
a
novel
understanding
role
potential
link
physiology
sleep
regulation.
Additionally,
similarities
observation
Parkinson
Disease
(PD)
questions
pathophysiological
