Perspectives on Psychological Science,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
16(2), С. 275 - 293
Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2020
Despite
growing
research
on
neurobiological
development,
little
attention
has
been
paid
to
cultural
and
ethnic
variation
in
neurodevelopmental
processes.
We
present
an
overview
of
the
current
state
developmental
cognitive
neuroscience
with
respect
its
issues.
Analyses
based
80
publications
represented
five
recent
meta-analyses
related
adolescent
show
that
99%
used
samples
Western
countries.
Only
22%
studies
provided
a
detailed
description
participants’
racial/ethnic
background,
only
18%
for
socioeconomic
status.
Results
reveal
trend
research:
The
body
is
derived
not
mostly
from
but
also
participants
whose
race/ethnicity
unknown.
To
achieve
holistic
perspective
brain
development
different
contexts,
we
propose
highlight
emerging
interdisciplinary
approach—developmental
neuroscience—the
intersection
psychology,
neuroscience.
Developmental
aims
elucidate
similarities
differences
neural
processing
across
life
span.
call
importance
incorporating
culture
into
empirical
investigation
neurodevelopment.
Nature reviews. Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
22(6), С. 372 - 384
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2021
Childhood
socio-economic
status
(SES),
a
measure
of
the
availability
material
and
social
resources,
is
one
strongest
predictors
lifelong
well-being.
Here
we
review
evidence
that
experiences
associated
with
childhood
SES
affect
not
only
outcome
but
also
pace
brain
development.
We
argue
higher
protracted
structural
development
prolonged
trajectory
functional
network
segregation,
ultimately
leading
to
more
efficient
cortical
networks
in
adulthood.
hypothesize
greater
exposure
chronic
stress
accelerates
maturation,
whereas
access
novel
positive
decelerates
maturation.
discuss
impact
variation
on
plasticity
learning.
provide
generative
theoretical
framework
catalyse
future
basic
science
translational
research
environmental
influences
Evidence
suggests
can
its
rate.
Tooley,
Bassett
Mackey
this
suggest
valence
frequency
early
interact
influence
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021
Aging
and
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
are
associated
with
progressive
brain
disorganization.
Although
structural
asymmetry
is
an
organizing
feature
of
the
cerebral
cortex
it
unknown
whether
continuous
age-
AD-related
cortical
degradation
alters
asymmetry.
Here,
in
multiple
longitudinal
adult
lifespan
cohorts
we
show
that
higher-order
regions
exhibiting
pronounced
at
age
~20
also
asymmetry-loss
across
lifespan.
Hence,
accelerated
thinning
(previously)
thicker
homotopic
hemisphere
a
aging.
This
organizational
principle
showed
high
consistency
Lifebrain
consortium,
both
topological
patterns
temporal
dynamics
were
markedly
similar
replicating
samples.
Asymmetry-change
was
further
AD.
Results
suggest
system-wide
dedifferentiation
adaptive
asymmetric
organization
heteromodal
aging
Algorithmic
biases
that
favor
majority
populations
pose
a
key
challenge
to
the
application
of
machine
learning
for
precision
medicine.
Here,
we
assessed
such
bias
in
prediction
models
behavioral
phenotypes
from
brain
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging.
We
examined
using
two
independent
datasets
(preadolescent
versus
adult)
mixed
ethnic/racial
composition.
When
predictive
were
trained
on
data
dominated
by
white
Americans
(WA),
out-of-sample
errors
generally
higher
African
(AA)
than
WA.
This
toward
WA
corresponds
more
WA-like
brain-behavior
association
patterns
learned
models.
AA
only,
compared
training
only
or
an
equal
number
and
participants,
accuracy
improved
but
stayed
below
Overall,
results
point
need
caution
further
research
regarding
current
minority
populations.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2018
The
post-injury
inflammatory
response
is
a
key
mediator
in
long-term
recovery
from
traumatic
brain
injury
(TBI).
Moreover,
the
immune
to
TBI,
mediated
by
microglia
and
macrophages,
influenced
existing
pathology
secondary
challenges.
For
example,
recent
evidence
shows
that
presence
of
beta-amyloid
phosphorylated
tau
protein,
two
hallmark
features
AD
increase
during
normal
aging,
substantially
alter
macrophage
TBI.
Additional
data
demonstrate
are
"primed"
become
hyper-reactive
following
subsequent
acute
challenge
thereby
worsening
recovery.
These
alterations
may
incidence
neuropsychiatric
complications
after
TBI
also
frequency
neurodegenerative
pathology.
Therefore,
purpose
this
review
summarize
experimental
studies
examining
relationship
between
development
AD-like
with
an
emphasis
on
chronic
microglial
injury.
Furthermore,
will
be
highlighted
examine
degree
which
accumulation
as
well
pre-
stressors
influence
outcome
Collectively
described
suggest
brain's
recovery,
if
compromised
previous,
coincident,
or
stressors,
behavioral
altered.
