Microbiome definition re-visited: old concepts and new challenges

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2020

The field of microbiome research has evolved rapidly over the past few decades and become a topic great scientific public interest. As result this rapid growth in interest covering different fields, we are lacking clear commonly agreed definition term "microbiome." Moreover, consensus on best practices is missing. Recently, panel international experts discussed current gaps frame European-funded MicrobiomeSupport project. meeting brought together about 40 leaders from diverse areas, while more than hundred all world took part an online survey accompanying workshop. This article excerpts outcomes workshop corresponding embedded short historical introduction future outlook. We propose based compact, clear, comprehensive description provided by Whipps et al. 1988, amended with set novel recommendations considering latest technological developments findings. clearly separate terms microbiota provide discussion composition microbiota, heterogeneity dynamics microbiomes time space, stability resilience microbial networks, core microbiomes, functionally relevant keystone species as well co-evolutionary principles microbe-host inter-species interactions within microbiome. These broad definitions suggested unifying concepts will help to improve standardization studies future, could be starting point for integrated assessment data resulting transfer knowledge basic science into practice. Furthermore, standards important solving new challenges associated anthropogenic-driven changes planetary health, which understanding might play key role. Video Abstract.

Язык: Английский

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Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Green Bioinoculants: Recent Developments, Constraints, and Prospects

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 13(3), С. 1140 - 1140

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

The quest for enhancing agricultural yields due to increased pressure on food production has inevitably led the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and other agrochemicals. Biofertilizers are emerging as a suitable alternative counteract adverse environmental impacts exerted by synthetic facilitate overall growth yield crops in an eco-friendly manner. They contain living or dormant microbes, which applied soil used treating crop seeds. One foremost candidates this respect is rhizobacteria. Plant promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) important cluster beneficial, root-colonizing bacteria thriving plant rhizosphere bulk soil. exhibit synergistic antagonistic interactions with microbiota engage array activities ecological significance. promote facilitating biotic abiotic stress tolerance support nutrition host plants. Due their active endorsing activities, PGPRs considered hazardous fertilizers. biofertilizers biological approach toward sustainable intensification agriculture. However, application increasing several pros cons. Application potential that perform well laboratory greenhouse conditions often fails deliver expected effects development field settings. Here we review different types PGPR-based biofertilizers, discuss challenges faced widespread adoption deliberate prospects using

Язык: Английский

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Ecology and Evolution of Plant Microbiomes

Annual Review of Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 73(1), С. 69 - 88

Опубликована: Май 15, 2019

Microorganisms colonizing plant surfaces and internal tissues provide a number of life-support functions for their host. Despite increasing recognition the vast functional capabilities microbiome, our understanding ecology evolution taxonomically hyperdiverse microbial communities is limited. Here, we review current knowledge genotypic phenotypic traits as well allogenic autogenic factors that shape microbiome composition functions. We give specific emphasis to impact domestication on assembly how insights into microbiomes wild relatives native habitats can contribute reinstate or enrich microorganisms with beneficial effects growth, development, health. Finally, introduce new concepts perspectives in research, particular community theory mechanistic framework unravel interplay distinct ecological processes-i.e., selection, dispersal, drift, diversification-that structure microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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Establishing Causality: Opportunities of Synthetic Communities for Plant Microbiome Research

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 22(2), С. 142 - 155

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Microbial inoculants: reviewing the past, discussing the present and previewing an outstanding future for the use of beneficial bacteria in agriculture

AMB Express, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2019

Abstract More than one hundred years have passed since the development of first microbial inoculant for plants. Nowadays, use inoculants in agriculture is spread worldwide different crops and carrying microorganisms. In last decades, impressive progress has been achieved production, commercialization inoculants. farmers are more receptive to mainly because high-quality products multi-purpose elite strains available at market, improving yields low cost comparison chemical fertilizers. context a sustainable agriculture, also help mitigate environmental impacts caused by agrochemicals. Challenges rely on production broader range crops, expansion inoculated area worldwide, addition search innovative solutions areas subjected increasing episodes stresses. this review, we explore world market inoculants, showing which bacteria prominent as countries, discuss main research strategies that might contribute improve agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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Crying out for help with root exudates: adaptive mechanisms by which stressed plants assemble health-promoting soil microbiomes

Current Opinion in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 49, С. 73 - 82

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Biological Control Agents Against Fusarium Wilt of Banana

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2019

In the last century, banana crop and industry experienced dramatic losses due to an epidemic of Fusarium wilt (FWB), caused by oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) race 1. An even more menace is now feared spread Foc tropical 4. Plant genetic resistance generally considered as most plausible strategy for controlling effectively such a devastating disease, occurred first round FWB epidemic. Nevertheless, with at least 182 articles published since 1970, biological control represents large body knowledge on FWB. Remarkably, many studies deal agents (BCAs) that reached field-testing stage refer high effectiveness. Some selected BCAs have been repeatedly assayed in independent trials, suggesting their promising value. Overall under field conditions, has controlled up 79% using Pseudomonas spp. strains, 70% several endophytes Trichoderma strains. Lower biocontrol efficacy (42-55%) obtained arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Bacillus spp., non-pathogenic Studies Streptomyces mostly limited vitro conditions so far, very few pot-experiments, none conducted field. The applied diverse procedures (e.g., spore suspension, organic amendments, bioformulations, etc.) different stages plant development (i.e., vitro, nursery, transplanting, post-transplanting), but there no evidence protocol better than another. Nonetheless, new bioformulation technologies nanotechnology, formulation microbial consortia and/or metabolites, tailor-made strains should be encouraged. conclusion, literature offers examples BCAs, can greatly contribute limit damage More efforts done further validate currently available outcomes, deepen valuable improve setting effective formulations, application protocols, integrated strategies.

Язык: Английский

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PGPR‐mediated induction of systemic resistance and physiochemical alterations in plants against the pathogens: Current perspectives

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 60(10), С. 828 - 861

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2020

Abstract Plant growth‐promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are diverse groups of plant‐associated microorganisms, which can reduce the severity or incidence disease during antagonism among bacteria and soil‐borne pathogens, as well by influencing a systemic resistance to elicit defense response in host plants. An amalgamation various strains PGPR has improved efficacy enhancing opposed pathogens affecting crop. Many used with seed treatment causes structural improvement cell wall physiological/biochemical changes leading synthesis proteins, peptides, chemicals occupied plant mechanisms. The major determinants PGPR‐mediated induced (ISR) lipopolysaccharides, lipopeptides, siderophores, pyocyanin, antibiotics 2,4‐diacetylphoroglucinol, volatile 2,3‐butanediol, N ‐alkylated benzylamine, iron‐regulated compounds. inoculants have been commercialized these consequently aid crop growth yield provide effective reinforcement from disease, whereas other biofertilizers for native crops growing at extreme habitat exhibit multifunctional attributes. A number applications formulation needed maintain levels Several microarray‐based studies done identify genes, associated PGPR‐induced resistance. Identification genes ISR‐mediating suppression biochemical is one essential steps understanding mechanisms crops. Therefore, this review, we discuss innovative methods, focusing on mode action compounds authorized that may be significant development contributing enhance growth, resistance, serve an efficient bioinoculants sustainable agriculture. review also highlights current research progress field special emphasis challenges, limitations, their environmental economic advantages.

Язык: Английский

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Saving seed microbiomes

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 12(5), С. 1167 - 1170

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Trichoderma Species: Versatile Plant Symbionts

Phytopathology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 109(1), С. 6 - 16

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2018

Because of the need to provide food for growing population, agricultural activity is faced with huge challenge counteracting negative effects generated by adverse environmental factors and diseases caused pathogens on crops, while avoiding pollution due excessive use agrochemicals. The exploitation biological systems that naturally increase plant vigor, preparing them against biotic abiotic stressors also promote their growth productivity represents a useful viable strategy help face these challenges. Fungi from genus Trichoderma have been widely used in agriculture as biocontrol agents because mycoparasitic capacity ability improve health protection phytopathogens, which makes it an excellent symbiont. mechanisms employed include secretion effector molecules secondary metabolites mediate beneficial interaction plants, providing tolerance stresses. Here we discuss most recent advances understanding this opportunistic symbiont agent promoter. In addition, through genome mining approached less explored factor could be using become successful symbionts, production phytohormones—auxins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, gibberellins, among others. This approach allowed us detect sets genes encoding proteins potentially involved phytohormone biosynthesis signaling. We implications findings physiology fungus establishment its plants.

Язык: Английский

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