Island Plant Species Distributions Contracted at the Cooler Edge Compared to Mainland

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Continental islands have long been used as ecological models for understanding species assembly dynamics in isolated habitat fragments. But competition or colonisation constraints might be different to mainland populations, manifesting expanded contracted ranges across a geographic distribution of comparison population range. Here, we demonstrate that plants on coastal do not experience release due lack competition, but rather range at the cool edge cross‐continental dataset 843 small spanning contrasting environments fringing Australian coast. We found their averaged 2.2°C warmer mean annual temperature, about 4–500 km nearer equator. The tendency colonise suggests may struggle track niche poleward climate shifts over fragments mainland.

Язык: Английский

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Shipwrecked on the Rock, or Not Quite: Gypsophytes and Edaphic Islands

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(7), С. 970 - 970

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Species–area relationships (SAR) constitute a key aspect of ecological theory and are integral to other scientific disciplines, such as biogeography, which have played crucial role in advancing biology. The insular biogeography provides clear example. This initially expanded from true islands types systems characterized by their insularity. One approach was linked geoedaphic islands, seen gypsum outcrops. While these continental areas been considered systems, only limited mostly indirect evidence thereof has provided. study utilized SAR advance the understanding outcrops territories. It is hereby hypothesized that edaphic although nature depends on different functional or plant types, this will be reflected potential Arrhenius model z values. results obtained support both hypotheses provide insight into factors help interpret insularity areas. interpretation goes beyond mere extent distance among outcrops, emphasizing importance environmental filters. Said filters vary permeability depending degree gypsophily, preference for gypsum, exhibited species.

Язык: Английский

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Trait correlation and the assembly of island plant communities: Evidence from the Southwest Pacific

Journal of Vegetation Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(4)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Aims Predictable and consistent differences between island mainland organisms arising from biased colonization/establishment are known as insular assembly rules. Baker's rule is a long‐standing predicting that the incidence of dioecy among early colonizers should be lower than source pool. While an established pattern floras, whether it results trait correlation or factors other insularity remains poorly understood. Here, I investigated relative roles insularity, climate, dioecy‐correlated traits in regulating across islands. Location Southwest Pacific. Methods amassed data set 485 plant species distributed eight archipelagos surrounding New Zealand. Trait was estimated using association algorithm. then used null model undirected network models to test for disentangle filtering undifferentiated colonizers. Results Some conformed rule, but not directly linked insularity. Instead, regulated by dioecy‐related traits, is, fleshy‐fruitedness woody habit, which turn were primarily driven climate. Conclusions Island rules can result correlation. partially with predictions rules, this resulted being largely excluded because climatic factors, Geographic variation breeding system determined endogenously, rather filtered characteristics islands per se.

Язык: Английский

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The island syndrome in plants on New Zealand’s outlying islands: a review

New Zealand Journal of Botany, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 25

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

The island syndrome is defined as a suite of predictable and consistent differences between mainland organisms. In seed plants, much what we know about the comes from work in Southwest Pacific, which comprised three main islands New Zealand ten surrounding archipelagos. These archipelagos are all remote relatively small. They were never connected to another landmass their floras derived by overwater dispersal, mostly Zealand, making them an ideal system for study evolution. this review, summarise on conducted Zealand's outlying islands, establish whether these findings line with global patterns biology or they unique region, propose directions future research.

Язык: Английский

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Birds that breed exclusively on islands have smaller clutches

Ornithology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 141(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Abstract The “island syndrome” refers to similarity in the biology of island organisms, but its generality is questionable, as scope species and traits examined are often limited. Here, I show that birds breeding exclusively on islands (breeding endemics) evolved smaller clutches, using a dataset 4,530 bird species. Using an inclusive definition endemic, which also encompasses migratory seabirds, examine evolution clutch sizes phylogenetic generalized linear models. Across disparate hypotheses, after accounting for biological geographical co-variables, endemic landbirds (470 species) than continental (3,818 species). size follows expectations syndrome, among there positive relationship between range area. Finally, reinforce view syndrome general pattern birds, spanning diverse ecological groups, by showing seabird-only (242 species), seabirds sizes. In model full both (4,530 was no evidence interaction being seabird with endemicity, respond same way. This study, more 40% all species, provides first evolutionary response life history trait, clearly tendency associated environments.

Язык: Английский

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New World dung beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) colonization of a recent Miocene insular territory: The case of Costa Rica

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6)

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Costa Rica emerged from the seas as a new geological territory during Miocene an insular archipelago. It later became part of continental area once it segment Central America. Two dung beetle genera that colonized this South and North America,

Язык: Английский

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Macroecology of Dung Beetles in Italy

Insects, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1), С. 39 - 39

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2024

The Italian fauna includes about 170 species/subspecies of dung beetles, being one the richest in Europe. We used data on beetle distribution regions to investigate some macroecological patterns. Specifically, we tested if species richness decreased southward (peninsula effect) or northward (latitudinal gradient). also considered effects area (i.e., species–area relationship), topographic complexity, and climate explaining richness. Finally, multivariate techniques identify biotic relationships between regions. found no support for peninsula effect, whereas scarabaeines followed a latitudinal gradient, thus supporting possible role southern areas as Pleistocene refuges this group mainly thermophilic beetles. By contrast, aphodiines were more associated with cold humid climates do not show distinct pattern. In general, was influenced by area, Sardinian however strongly impoverished because its isolation. Faunal patterns mainland reflect influence current ecological settings historical factors (Pleistocene glaciations) determining distributions.

Язык: Английский

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Patterns and Drivers of Taxonomic and Functional Change in Large Oceanic Island Bird Assemblages

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 33(11)

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim We map global patterns of taxonomic and functional change between past (pre‐human impacts) present (after anthropogenic extinctions introductions) in large oceanic island bird assemblages investigate if these can be explained by characteristics factors. Location Sixty‐four islands (>100 km 2 ). Time Period Late Holocene. Major Taxa Studied Terrestrial freshwater species. Methods compiled information on extinct, extant native introduced species for all used a probabilistic hypervolume approach to build multi‐dimensional trait space calculate several diversity metrics before after introductions. identified which are hotspots human‐induced transformation mapping multiple facets biotic investigated intrinsic factors as drivers observed patterns. Results The Hawaiian Mascarene stand out change, but changed taxonomically functionally, mostly gaining losing richness. Taxonomic changes vary across often consistent within the same archipelago. Island isolation surface explain some variations, factors, namely human occupation, also shaped both changes. Islands with higher pressure, well larger high elevation ranges, tended have greater losses Main Conclusions Most biodiversity assessments still largely based exclusively diversity, is particularly worrying case given that magnitude considerably larger. call comprehensive order better understand and, turn, predict future trends.

Язык: Английский

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A-Islands: A plant dataset for biodiversity research and species monitoring on Australian islands

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

Abstract Australia’s coastline is fringed by more than 8,000 continental islands. These islands feature a diverse array of landforms, rock and soil types geological origins. Some these are among the least invaded, most pristine habitats in Australia support high plant diversity. Here, we present new Australia-wide curated dataset for species occurrences on Combining information from 1,349 lists floras, A-Islands includes data >6,500 844 ranging size 18 m 2 to 4,400 km , exhibiting different degrees isolation mainland, spanning all major Australian climate zones. Of these, 251 have been repeatedly sampled up 11 times making it possible investigate temporal compositional change. open access will be continuously updated. Its simple structure consisting three comma separated files allows easy integration with other global plant-occurrence databases can serve as repository island research Australia. Knowing which occur Australia′s provide opportunities future research, including studying changes biodiversity species-turnover within archipelagos, tests classical biogeography theory baseline ecological monitoring conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Inter and intra-island genetic structure and differentiation of the endemic Bolle's Laurel Pigeon (Columba bollii) in the Canary archipelago

Zoology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 167, С. 126209 - 126209

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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