Quick and Effective Evaluation Methods for Biocontrol Agents and Biostimulants Against Phytopathogenic Fungi Relevant for Various Cropping Systems

Plant Pathology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

ABSTRACT Fungal diseases pose a significant threat to global agriculture, leading major crop losses and harmful mycotoxin contamination. Effective management of these is crucial for safeguarding production ensuring food safety. With growing emphasis on sustainability, there increased interest in using biological control agents (BCAs) biostimulants with protective effects (BPEs). This paper provides comprehensive set methods or protocols rapidly screening the potential BCAs BPEs, covering assessments from pathogen‐only evaluations those involving both pathogen host at early stages. By promoting standardised reproducible methods, this review offers concise guide initial evaluations, helping identify promising microorganisms substances further research. These allow comparisons between BCAs/BPEs conventional chemical treatments, assessment synergies, ability fungicide‐resistant strains evaluation phytotoxicity. The goal improve understanding integration BPEs into agricultural practices, reducing reliance agrochemicals sustainable fungal diseases. Future research should expand range under investigation refine maximise their effectiveness real‐world applications.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review of the Diversity of Fungal Secondary Metabolites and Their Emerging Applications in Healthcare and Environment

Mycobiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 52(6), С. 335 - 387

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Fungi and their natural products, like secondary metabolites, have gained a huge demand in the last decade due to increasing applications healthcare, environmental cleanup, biotechnology-based industries. The fungi produce these metabolites (SMs) during different phases of growth, which are categorized into terpenoids, alkaloids, polyketides, non-ribosomal peptides. These SMs exhibit significant biological activity, contributes formulation novel pharmaceuticals, biopesticides, bioremediation agents. Nowadays, fungal-derived widely used food beverages, for fermentation, preservatives, protein sources, dairy In it is being as an antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive drug. usage modern tools biotechnology can achieve increase large-scale production. present review comprehensively analyses diversity fungal along with emerging agriculture, sustainability, nutraceuticals. Here, authors reviewed recent advancements genetic engineering, metabolic pathway manipulation, synthetic biology improve production yield SMs. Advancement fermentation techniques, bioprocessing, co-cultivation approaches Investigators further highlighted importance omics technologies understanding regulation biosynthesis SMs, offers drug discovery sustainable agriculture. Finally, addressed potential manipulation biotechnological innovations exploitation commercial benefits.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the interaction between endornavirus and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum : mechanisms of phytopathogenic fungal virulence and antivirus

mBio, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses have the potential as biocontrol agents for plant fungal disease management, and exploration of interactions between these phytopathogenic fungi can provide opportunities to elucidate underlying mechanisms hypovirulence antiviruses. We previously found that Sclerotinia sclerotiorum endornavirus 3 (SsEV3), belonging genus Betaendornavirus within family Endornaviridae , confers on fungus but remains unclear. In this study, we SsEV3-infected strain produced fewer sclerotia, failed form infection cushions hosts, exhibited increased cell vacuolation, was more sensitive abiotic stresses. SsEV3 evoked transcriptional rewiring in S. affecting genes related virulence factors pathogenicity RNAi pathway An unknown biological function gene Sssnf1 downregulated following infection. Deletion impaired cushion formation decreased . Five key RNAi-related were significantly upregulated, deletion Ssdcl2 contributed accumulation. Additionally, identified a hypothetical protein encoded by Sshp1 directly interacts with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain SsEV3. Although mutants normal colony morphology, they showed higher accumulation reduced resistance reactive oxygen species, indicating similar genes, plays an antiviral role response may represent new antivirus factor. Therefore, examination interaction provides insights into fungi. IMPORTANCE emerged promising agents, studying their helps uncover pathogenesis defense. This study critical its hypovirulence-associated endornavirus, SsEV3, elucidating molecular mycovirus-induced changes not only impairs traits, including sclerotial production also triggers host responses involving typical interference pathways. New factors, such based established system endornavirus. These findings deepen our understanding fungus-mycovirus interactions, highlighting reducing facilitating development mycovirus-based control strategies.

Язык: Английский

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New Tools for the Management of Fungal Pathogens in Extensive Cropping Systems for Friendly Environments

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(2), С. 63 - 93

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

AbstractCrop production plays a critical role in global food security, with key commodities such as corn, wheat, soybean, and rice ranking among the most widely cultivated crops. These major crops are predominantly grown within extensive cropping systems. However, these systems threatened by fungal diseases, which may cause substantial yield reductions. The adopted strategy to manage pathogens extensively worldwide is chemical control. Nevertheless, this has multiple drawbacks potential hazards, including pathogen resistance, environmental contamination, negative effects on human health other organisms. As logical result, over last decades, conventional agricultural have been questioned transition toward more sustainable methods emerged. new productive paradigm emphasizes adoption of eco-friendly approaches disease management, biofungicides biostimulants tools gaining popularity. establishing regulatory framework for different countries proven challenging due lack harmonization. primary objective review gather dispersed information technologies (either available market or being studied) applicable generated latest scientific advances. Additionally, seeks contribute clarifying categorization (biostimulants, biofungicides, plant defense inducers, gene editing, RNAi, nanotechnology, physical treatment) enhance their understanding critically assess potentials, challenges, future perspectives. Furthermore, aims identify successfully implemented horticulture intensive but not yet practically applied crops, pave way advances adaptations suit practices. Finally, presents practical management model that incorporates address wheat.Keywords: Extensive systemsintegrated managementnew toolsbiostimulantsbiofungicidesplant resistance inducersdual-effect Disclosure statementThe authors declare no conflict interest.Data availability statementData sharing article data were created analyzed study.Additional informationFundingThe publication was part collaborative work co-financed University Buenos Aires (UBACYT 20020220100114BA), Argentina, Polish National Agency Academic - NAWA (BPI/PST/2021/1/00034).

Язык: Английский

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Ecological role of seed microbiome

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 23 - 54

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Fusarium Species Associated with Diseases of Citrus: A Comprehensive Review

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(4), С. 263 - 263

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

The citrus industry contributes to the cultivation of one most important fruit crops globally. However, trees are susceptible numerous Bisifusarium, Fusarium, and Neocosmospora-linked diseases, with dry root rot posing a serious threat orchards worldwide. These infections exacerbated by biotic abiotic stresses, leading increased disease incidence. Healthy unexpectedly wilt fall, exhibiting symptoms such as chlorosis, dieback, necrotic roots, rot, wood discolouration, eventual decline. Research indicates that is caused complex species from Nectriaceae family, Neocosmospora solani being prominent. To improve treatment management strategies, further studies needed definitively identify these phytopathogens understand conditions factors associated Neocosmospora-related diseases in citrus. This review focuses on epidemiology symptomatology Fusarium species, recent advances molecular techniques for accurate phytopathogen identification, mechanisms pathogenicity resistance underlying Neocosmospora-citrus interactions. Additionally, highlights novel alternative methods, including biological control agents, promote environmentally friendly sustainable agricultural practices.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Mycovirus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Hypovirulence-Associated DNA Virus 1 as a Biocontrol Agent of White Mold Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 108(3), С. 624 - 634

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen causing white mold on many important economic crops. Recently, some mycoviruses such as S. hypovirulence-associated DNA virus 1 (SsHADV-1) converted into beneficial symbiont that helps plants manage pathogens and other stresses. To explore the potential use of SsHADV-1 biocontrol agent in United States to test efficacy SsHADV-1-infected isolates managing crop diseases, was transferred from Chinese strain DT-8 sclerotiorum. readily transmitted horizontally among consistently conferred hypovirulence its host strains. Biopriming dry bean seeds with hypovirulent strains enhanced resistance mold, gray Rhizoctonia root rot. investigate underlying mechanisms, endophytic growth beans confirmed using PCR, expression 12 plant defense-related genes were monitored before after infection. The results indicated stimulated immunity pathway assisted rapid response Finally, application seed biopriming technology hypervirulent has promise for biological control several diseases wheat, pea, sunflower.

Язык: Английский

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The seed microbiomes of staple food crops

Microbial Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(12), С. 2236 - 2249

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023

Abstract The scientific community increasingly recognized that seed microbiomes are important for plant growth and nutrition. versatile roles modulating properties hold in the context of seeds seem to be an inherited approach avert adverse conditions. These discoveries attracted extensive interest, especially staple food crops (SFCs) where grain was consumed as food. Along with rapid expansion population industrialization posed a severe challenge yield SFCs, microbiologists botanists began explore engineer microbiomes, safer more fruitful production. To utilize we present overall review most updated literature on three representative SFCs (wheat, rice maize) using 5W1H (Which, Where, What, Why, When How) method provides comprehensive understanding issue. include which factors determine composition microbiomes? Where do come from? What these microbes? Why microbes choose their destination when settle down become communists? In addition, how work can manipulated effectively? Therefore, answering aforementioned questions regarding remain fundamental bridging endophytic research gaps harnessing ecological services.

Язык: Английский

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A biocontrol perspective on mycoviruses in fungal pathogen management

Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 132(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024

Abstract Mycoviruses, viruses that infect fungi, have been identified across nearly every fungal taxon. Despite their widespread presence, the ecological effects of mycoviruses remain poorly understood. They can influence biology hosts in various ways, including altering growth, reproduction, and pathogenicity. Their ability to induce either hyper- or hypovirulence thus regulate general fitness by increasing aggressiveness or, conversely, extreme cases, converting harmful fungi into beneficial ones, has attracted attention recent years as a potential means protecting plants from diseases pests. Increasing difficulties controlling diseases, pests weeds with synthetic chemical pesticides, exacerbated emergence resistance tolerance certain active ingredients, stricter regulatory requirements due environmental health concerns, stimulated interest alternative approaches. In parallel introduction double-stranded (ds)RNA-based products for crop protection fundamental knowledge generated this field years, use control pathogenic appears be within reach. This review highlights advances emphasizes biological agents (BCAs), emphasis on utilization mycovirus-induced cause plant hypervirulence protect such insect weeds.

Язык: Английский

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Cross-species transmission of a novel bisegmented orfanplasmovirus in the phytopathogenic fungus Exserohilum rostratum

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

Mycoviruses have been found in various fungal species across different taxonomic groups, while no viruses reported yet the fungus Exserohilum rostratum. In this study, a novel orfanplasmovirus, namely rostratum orfanplasmovirus 1 (ErOrfV1), was identified strain JZ1 from maize leaf. The complete genome of ErOrfV1 consists two positive single-stranded RNA segments, encoding an RNA-dependent polymerase and hypothetical protein with unknown function, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that clusters other orfanplasmoviruses, forming distinct phyletic clade. A new family, Orfanplasmoviridae, is proposed to encompass newly discovered its associated orfanplasmoviruses. exhibits effective vertical transmission through conidia, as evidenced by 100% presence over 200 single conidium isolates. Moreover, it can be horizontally transmitted turcicum . Additionally, infection cryptic E. because there were significant differences mycelial growth rate colony morphology between ErOrfV1-infected ErOrfV1-free strains. This study represents inaugural report mycovirus , well first documentation biological characteristics orfanplasmovirus. These discoveries significantly contribute our understanding

Язык: Английский

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