Warming alters life-history traits and competition in a phage community
Applied and Environmental Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
90(5)
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024
Host-parasite
interactions
are
highly
susceptible
to
changes
in
temperature
due
mismatches
species
thermal
responses.
In
nature,
parasites
often
exist
communities,
and
responses
expected
vary
between
host-parasite
pairs.
Temperature
change
thus
has
consequences
for
both
dynamics
parasite-parasite
interactions.
Here,
we
investigate
the
impact
of
warming
(37°C,
40°C,
42°C)
on
parasite
life-history
traits
competition
using
opportunistic
bacterial
pathogen
Язык: Английский
Coinfection accelerates transmission to new hosts despite no effects on virulence and parasite growth
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
379(1907)
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
One
of
the
fundamental
aims
ecological,
epidemiological
and
evolutionary
studies
host–parasite
interactions
is
to
unravel
which
factors
affect
parasite
virulence.
Theory
predicts
that
virulence
transmission
are
correlated
by
a
trade-off,
as
too
much
expected
hamper
owing
excessive
host
damage.
Coinfections
may
each
these
traits
and/or
their
correlation.
Here,
we
used
inbred
lines
spider
mite
Tetranychus
urticae
test
how
coinfection
with
T.
evansi
impacted
virulence–transmission
relationships
at
different
conspecific
densities.
The
presence
on
shared
did
not
change
relationship
between
(leaf
damage)
number
transmitting
stages
(i.e.
adult
daughters).
was
hump-shaped
across
densities,
both
in
single
coinfections,
corresponds
trade-off.
Moreover,
adjacent
hosts
increased
coinfection,
but
only
low
Finally,
tested
whether
daughters
were
measures
hosts,
coinfections
Traits
mostly
independent,
meaning
interspecific
competitors
increase
without
affecting
Thus,
impact
epidemiology
trait
evolution,
necessarily
This
article
part
theme
issue
‘Diversity-dependence
dispersal:
determine
spatial
dynamics’.
Язык: Английский
Multispecies interactions and the community context of the evolution of virulence
Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
291(2031)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
Pairwise
host–parasite
relationships
are
typically
embedded
in
broader
networks
of
ecological
interactions,
which
have
the
potential
to
shape
parasite
evolutionary
trajectories.
Understanding
this
‘community
context’
pathogen
evolution
is
vital
for
wildlife,
agricultural
and
human
systems
alike,
as
pathogens
infect
more
than
one
host—and
these
hosts
may
independent
relationships.
Here,
we
introduce
an
eco-evolutionary
model
examining
feedback
across
a
range
host–host
interactions.
Specifically,
analyse
virulence
infecting
two
exhibiting
competitive,
mutualistic
or
exploitative
We
first
find
that
specialism
necessary
inter-host
interactions
impact
evolution.
Furthermore,
generally
increasing
competition
between
leads
higher
shared
while
mutualism
lower
virulence.
In
particular
form
specialization
critical—for
instance,
terms
onward
transmission,
host
tolerance
intra-host
growth
rate
lead
distinct
outcomes
under
same
Our
work
provides
testable
hypotheses
multi-host
disease
systems,
predicts
how
changing
interaction
broadly
demonstrates
importance
looking
beyond
pairwise
understand
realistic
community
contexts.
Язык: Английский
Dissecting transmission to understand parasite evolution
PLoS Pathogens,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
21(3), С. e1012964 - e1012964
Опубликована: Март 25, 2025
Parasite
transmission
is
a
complex,
multi-stage
process
that
significantly
impacts
host–parasite
dynamics.
Transmission
plays
key
role
in
epidemiology
and
virulence
evolution,
where
it
expected
to
trade
off
with
virulence.
However,
the
extent
which
classical
models
on
virulence–transmission
relationships
apply
real
world
unclear.
This
insight
piece
proposes
novel
framework
breaks
into
three
distinct
stages:
within-host
infectiousness,
an
intermediate
between-host
stage
(biotic
or
abiotic),
new
host
infection.
Each
influenced
by
intrinsic
extrinsic
factors
parasite,
together
will
determine
its
success.
Analyzing
stages
separately
how
they
affect
each
other
might
enhance
our
understanding
of
host-,
parasite-
environmental-driven
shape
parasite
evolution
inform
us
about
effectors
act
when
designing
disease
control
strategies.
Язык: Английский
Parasitism as a driver of host diversification
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2025
Язык: Английский
Multispecies interactions and the community context of the evolution of virulence
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
Abstract
In
nature,
host-parasite/pathogen
relationships
are
embedded
in
a
network
of
ecological
interactions
that
have
the
potential
to
shape
evolutionary
trajectories
shared
pathogens.
Understanding
this
community
context
infectious
disease
evolution
is
important
for
wildlife,
agricultural,
and
human
systems
alike
–
illustrated,
example,
by
increasing
risk
zoonotic
emergence.
We
introduce
an
eco-evolutionary
model
examines
feedbacks
across
range
host-host
interactions.
Specifically,
we
analyze
virulence
pathogen
infecting
hosts
who
themselves
exhibit
competitive,
mutualistic,
or
exploitative
relationships.
find
specialism
necessary
inter-host
impact
parasite
evolution.
An
general
result
competition
between
leads
higher
virulence,
while
mutualism
lower
virulence.
Across
scenarios,
nature
specialization
critical
outcome
instance,
if
only
differ
initial
susceptibility
infection,
there
no
on
contrast,
terms
onward
transmission,
host
tolerance,
intra-host
growth
rate
critically
For
stronger
transmission
selects
tolerance
Our
work
provides
testable
hypotheses
multi-host
systems,
predicts
how
changing
interaction
networks
may
broadly
demonstrates
importance
looking
beyond
pairwise
understand
realistic
natural
contexts.
Язык: Английский
Dissecting transmission to understand parasite evolution
Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024
The
prevailing
theory
of
the
evolution
virulence
assumes
that
maximizes
its
transmission
and
relies
on
a
trade-off
between
parasite's
rate.
While
this
simple
idea
finds
some
empirical
support,
it
is
often
criticized,
in
part
because
ambiguity
about
transmission,
key
measure
pathogen
fitness.
In
theoretical
studies,
has
been
increasingly
approximated
by
parasite
load.
Transmission,
however,
complex
parameter
results
from
distinct
steps
within
among
hosts,
with
potential
correlations
trade-offs
each
steps.
We
propose
decomposing
explicitly
into
these
would
enable
more
precise
predictions
deeper
understanding
dynamics
evolution.
Язык: Английский
Parthenogenesis affects interspecific competition between Megalurothrips usitatus and Frankliniella intonsa (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in changing environment: evidence from life table study
Journal of Economic Entomology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
116(6), С. 2043 - 2051
Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023
The
thrips
Megalurothrips
usitatus
Bagnall
and
Frankliniella
intonsa
Trybom
(Thysanoptera:
Thripidae)
are
important
pests
in
cowpea-growing
areas
of
south
China.
Parthenogenesis
is
an
reproductive
form
thysanopterans,
plays
role
maintaining
population
growth.
To
understand
the
developmental
characteristics
these
2
species
during
parthenogenesis,
we
compared
age-stage
life
tables
M.
F.
on
cowpea
pods
under
natural
regimes
summer
winter.
results
showed
that
total
preadult
period
preoviposition
were
significantly
longer
than
those
both
seasons.
Moreover,
longevity
adult
(29.53
days)
was
shorter
with
(34.00
summer,
whereas
higher
fecundity
(220.8
eggs/female)
more
oviposition
days
(37.83
observed
winter
(fecundity
=
179.83
eggs/female,
33.03
days).
net
gross
rates
greater
In
addition,
intrinsic
finite
increase
lower
intonsa,
mean
generation
time
These
indicated
parthenogenesis
has
specificity
among
thrips,
which
turn
affects
development,
especially
changing
environments.
Язык: Английский
Genetic variations and gene expression profiles of Rice Black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) in different host plants and insect vectors: insights from RNA-Seq analysis
BMC Genomics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(1)
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
Rice
black-streaked
dwarf
virus
(RBSDV)
is
an
etiological
agent
of
a
destructive
disease
infecting
some
economically
important
crops
from
the
Gramineae
family
in
Asia.
While
RBSDV
causes
high
yield
losses,
genetic
characteristics
replicative
viral
populations
have
not
been
investigated
within
different
host
plants
and
insect
vectors.
Herein,
eleven
publicly
available
RNA-Seq
datasets
Chinese
RBSDV-infected
rice,
maize,
viruliferous
planthopper
(Laodelphax
striatellus)
were
obtained
NCBI
database.
The
patterns
SNP
RNA
expression
profiles
expected
analyzed
by
CLC
Workbench
20
Geneious
Prime
software.
These
analyses
discovered
2,646
mutations
with
codon
changes
whole
transcriptome
forty-seven
co-mutated
hotspots
variant
frequency
crucial
regions
S5-1,
S5-2,
S6,
S7-1,
S7-2,
S9,
S10
open
reading
frames
(ORFs)
which
are
responsible
for
virulence
range
functions.
Moreover,
three
joint
located
on
three-dimensional
protein
P9-1.
infected
RBSDV-susceptible
rice
cultivar
KTWYJ3
indigenous
showed
more
hotspot
numbers
than
others.
Our
genomic
fragments
varied
depending
type.
Unlike
planthopper,
S2,
S9-1
ORFs,
respectively
had
greatest
read
plants;
S9-2,
S7-2
expressed
lowest
level.
findings
underscore
virus/host
complexes
effective
variations
gene
plant
viruses.
analysis
revealed
no
evidence
recombination
events.
Interestingly,
negative
selection
was
observed
at
12
except
position
1015
P1
protein,
where
positive
detected.
research
highlights
potential
SRA
cycle
enhances
our
understanding
RBSDV's
diversity
specificity.
Язык: Английский