In
birds
and
insects,
the
female
uptakes
sperm
for
a
specific
duration
post-copulation
known
as
ejaculate
holding
period
(EHP)
before
expelling
unused
mating
plug
through
ejection.
this
study,
we
found
that
Drosophila
melanogaster
females
shortens
EHP
when
incubated
with
males
or
mated
shortly
after
first
mating.
This
phenomenon,
which
termed
m
ale-
i
nduced
E
HP
s
hortening
(MIES),
requires
Or47b+
olfactory
ppk23+
gustatory
neurons,
activated
by
2-methyltetracosane
7-tricosene,
respectively.
These
odorants
raise
cAMP
levels
in
pC1
responsible
processing
male
courtship
cues
regulating
receptivity.
Elevated
neurons
reduce
reinstate
their
responsiveness
to
cues,
promoting
re-mating
faster
study
established
MIES
genetically
tractable
model
of
sexual
plasticity
conserved
neural
mechanism.
In
most
animals,
a
relatively
small
number
of
descending
neurons
(DNs)
connect
higher
brain
centers
in
the
animal’s
head
to
circuits
and
motor
(MNs)
nerve
cord
body
that
effect
movement
limbs.
To
understand
how
signals
generate
behavior,
it
is
critical
these
pathways
are
organized
onto
MNs.
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
MNs
controlling
muscles
leg,
wing,
other
systems
reside
ventral
(VNC),
analogous
mammalian
spinal
cord.
companion
papers,
we
introduced
densely-reconstructed
connectome
Male
Adult
Nerve
Cord
(MANC,
Takemura
et
al.,
2023),
including
cell
type
developmental
lineage
annotation
(Marin
which
provides
complete
VNC
connectivity
at
synaptic
resolution.
Here,
present
first
look
organization
networks
connecting
DNs
based
on
this
new
information.
We
proofread
curated
all
ensure
accuracy
reliability,
then
systematically
matched
DN
axon
terminals
MN
dendrites
with
light
microscopy
data
link
their
morphology
inputs
or
muscle
targets.
report
both
broad
organizational
patterns
entire
network
fine-scale
analysis
selected
interest.
discover
direct
DN-MN
connections
infrequent
identify
communities
intrinsic
linked
control
different
systems,
putative
for
walking,
dorsal
flight
steering
power
generation,
intermediate
lower
tectulum
coordinated
action
wings
legs.
Our
generates
hypotheses
future
functional
experiments
and,
together
MANC
connectome,
empowers
others
investigate
richer
mechanistic
detail.
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(4), С. 808 - 824.e6
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024
Many
motor
control
systems
generate
multiple
movements
using
a
common
set
of
muscles.
How
are
premotor
circuits
able
to
flexibly
diverse
movement
patterns?
Here,
we
characterize
the
neuronal
that
drive
distinct
courtship
songs
Drosophila
melanogaster.
Male
flies
vibrate
their
wings
toward
females
produce
two
different
song
modes—pulse
and
sine
song—which
signal
species
identity
male
quality.
Using
cell-type-specific
genetic
reagents
connectome,
provide
cellular
synaptic
map
in
ventral
nerve
cord
these
examine
how
activating
or
inhibiting
each
cell
type
within
affects
song.
Our
data
reveal
circuit
is
organized
into
nested
feedforward
pathways
with
extensive
reciprocal
feedback
connections.
The
larger
network
produces
pulse
song,
more
complex
ancestral
form.
A
subset
this
simpler
recent
Such
organization
may
be
feature
which
evolution
has
layered
increasing
flexibility
onto
basic
pattern.
Current Opinion in Insect Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
54, С. 100968 - 100968
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2022
Methods
to
acquire
and
process
synaptic-resolution
electron-microscopy
datasets
have
progressed
very
rapidly,
allowing
production
annotation
of
larger,
more
complete
connectomes.
More
accurate
neuronal
matching
techniques
are
enriching
cell
type
data
with
gene
expression,
neuron
activity,
behaviour
developmental
information,
providing
ways
test
hypotheses
circuit
function.
In
a
variety
behaviours
such
as
learned
innate
olfaction,
navigation
sexual
behaviour,
connectomics
has
already
revealed
interconnected
modules
hierarchical
structure,
recurrence
integration
sensory
streams.
Comparing
individual
connectomes
determine
which
features
robust
variable
is
one
key
research
area;
new
work
in
comparative
across
development,
experience,
sex
species
will
establish
strong
links
between
connectivity
brain
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023
Abstract
In
most
animals,
a
relatively
small
number
of
descending
neurons
(DNs)
connect
higher
brain
centers
in
the
animal’s
head
to
circuits
and
motor
(MNs)
nerve
cord
body
that
effect
movement
limbs.
To
understand
how
signals
generate
behavior,
it
is
critical
these
pathways
are
organized
onto
MNs.
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
MNs
controlling
muscles
leg,
wing,
other
systems
reside
ventral
(VNC),
analogous
mammalian
spinal
cord.
companion
papers,
we
introduced
densely-reconstructed
connectome
Male
Adult
Nerve
Cord
(MANC,
Takemura
et
al.,
2023),
including
cell
type
developmental
lineage
annotation
(Marin
which
provides
complete
VNC
connectivity
at
synaptic
resolution.
Here,
present
first
look
organization
networks
connecting
DNs
based
on
this
new
information.
We
proofread
curated
all
ensure
accuracy
reliability,
then
systematically
matched
DN
axon
terminals
MN
dendrites
with
light
microscopy
data
link
their
morphology
inputs
or
muscle
targets.
report
both
broad
organizational
patterns
entire
network
fine-scale
analysis
selected
interest.
discover
direct
DN-MN
connections
infrequent
identify
communities
intrinsic
linked
control
different
systems,
putative
for
walking,
dorsal
flight
steering
power
generation,
intermediate
lower
tectulum
coordinated
action
wings
legs.
Our
generates
hypotheses
future
functional
experiments
and,
together
MANC
connectome,
empowers
others
investigate
richer
mechanistic
detail.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024
In
most
complex
nervous
systems
there
is
a
clear
anatomical
separation
between
the
nerve
cord,
which
contains
of
final
motor
outputs
necessary
for
behaviour,
and
brain.
insects,
neck
connective
both
physical
information
bottleneck
connecting
brain
ventral
cord
(VNC,
spinal
analogue)
comprises
diverse
populations
descending
(DN),
ascending
(AN)
sensory
neurons,
are
crucial
sensorimotor
signalling
control.
Integrating
three
separate
EM
datasets,
we
now
provide
complete
connectomic
description
neurons
female
system
In
most
animals,
a
relatively
small
number
of
descending
neurons
(DNs)
connect
higher
brain
centers
in
the
animal’s
head
to
circuits
and
motor
(MNs)
nerve
cord
body
that
effect
movement
limbs.
To
understand
how
signals
generate
behavior,
it
is
critical
these
pathways
are
organized
onto
MNs.
fly,
Drosophila
melanogaster
,
MNs
controlling
muscles
leg,
wing,
other
systems
reside
ventral
(VNC),
analogous
mammalian
spinal
cord.
companion
papers,
we
introduced
densely-reconstructed
connectome
Male
Adult
Nerve
Cord
(MANC,
Takemura
et
al.,
2023),
including
cell
type
developmental
lineage
annotation
(Marin
which
provides
complete
VNC
connectivity
at
synaptic
resolution.
Here,
present
first
look
organization
networks
connecting
DNs
based
on
this
new
information.
We
proofread
curated
all
ensure
accuracy
reliability,
then
systematically
matched
DN
axon
terminals
MN
dendrites
with
light
microscopy
data
link
their
morphology
inputs
or
muscle
targets.
report
both
broad
organizational
patterns
entire
network
fine-scale
analysis
selected
interest.
discover
direct
DN-MN
connections
infrequent
identify
communities
intrinsic
linked
control
different
systems,
putative
for
walking,
dorsal
flight
steering
power
generation,
intermediate
lower
tectulum
coordinated
action
wings
legs.
Our
generates
hypotheses
future
functional
experiments
and,
together
MANC
connectome,
empowers
others
investigate
richer
mechanistic
detail.