Neuronal wiring diagram of an adult brain

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Abstract Connections between neurons can be mapped by acquiring and analyzing electron microscopic (EM) brain images. In recent years, this approach has been applied to chunks of brains reconstruct local connectivity maps that are highly informative, yet inadequate for understanding function more globally. Here, we present the first neuronal wiring diagram a whole adult brain, containing 5×10 7 chemical synapses ∼130,000 reconstructed from female Drosophila melanogaster . The resource also incorporates annotations cell classes types, nerves, hemilineages, predictions neurotransmitter identities. Data products available download, programmatic access, interactive browsing made interoperable with other fly data resources. We show how derive projectome, map projections regions, connectome. demonstrate tracing synaptic pathways analysis information flow inputs (sensory ascending neurons) outputs (motor, endocrine, descending neurons), across both hemispheres, central optic lobes. Tracing subset photoreceptors all way motor illustrates structure uncover putative circuit mechanisms underlying sensorimotor behaviors. technologies open ecosystem FlyWire Consortium set stage future large-scale connectome projects in species.

Язык: Английский

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A Connectome of the MaleDrosophilaVentral Nerve Cord

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2023

Abstract Animal behavior is principally expressed through neural control of muscles. Therefore understanding how the brain controls requires mapping neuronal circuits all way to motor neurons. We have previously established technology collect large-volume electron microscopy data sets tissue and fully reconstruct morphology neurons their chemical synaptic connections throughout volume. Using these tools we generated a dense wiring diagram, or connectome, for large portion Drosophila central brain. However, in most animals, including fly, majority are located outside center closer body, i.e. mammalian spinal cord insect ventral nerve (VNC). In this paper, extend our effort map full by generating connectome VNC male fly.

Язык: Английский

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Transforming descending input into behavior: The organization of premotor circuits in the Drosophila Male Adult Nerve Cord connectome

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

In most animals, a relatively small number of descending neurons (DNs) connect higher brain centers in the animal’s head to circuits and motor (MNs) nerve cord body that effect movement limbs. To understand how signals generate behavior, it is critical these pathways are organized onto MNs. fly, Drosophila melanogaster , MNs controlling muscles leg, wing, other systems reside ventral (VNC), analogous mammalian spinal cord. companion papers, we introduced densely-reconstructed connectome Male Adult Nerve Cord (MANC, Takemura et al., 2023), including cell type developmental lineage annotation (Marin which provides complete VNC connectivity at synaptic resolution. Here, present first look organization networks connecting DNs based on this new information. We proofread curated all ensure accuracy reliability, then systematically matched DN axon terminals MN dendrites with light microscopy data link their morphology inputs or muscle targets. report both broad organizational patterns entire network fine-scale analysis selected interest. discover direct DN-MN connections infrequent identify communities intrinsic linked control different systems, putative for walking, dorsal flight steering power generation, intermediate lower tectulum coordinated action wings legs. Our generates hypotheses future functional experiments and, together MANC connectome, empowers others investigate richer mechanistic detail.

Язык: Английский

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Neurotransmitter Classification from Electron Microscopy Images at Synaptic Sites in Drosophila Melanogaster

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2020, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2020

Abstract High-resolution electron microscopy of nervous systems enables the reconstruction connectomes. A key piece missing information from connectomes is synaptic sign. We show that for D. melanogaster , artificial neural networks can predict transmitter type released at synapses micrographs and thus add putative signs to connections. Our network discriminates between six transmitters (acetylcholine, glutamate, GABA, serotonin, dopamine, octopamine) with an average accuracy 87%/94% synapses/entire neurons. developed explainability method reveal which features our using found significant ultrastructural differences classical transmitters. in two characterize morphological connection properties tens thousands neurons classed by predicted expression. find hemilineages largely express only one fastacting among their Furthermore, we different may differ like polarization projection targets.

Язык: Английский

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Transforming descending input into behavior: The organization of premotor circuits in theDrosophilaMale Adult Nerve Cord connectome

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

Abstract In most animals, a relatively small number of descending neurons (DNs) connect higher brain centers in the animal’s head to circuits and motor (MNs) nerve cord body that effect movement limbs. To understand how signals generate behavior, it is critical these pathways are organized onto MNs. fly, Drosophila melanogaster , MNs controlling muscles leg, wing, other systems reside ventral (VNC), analogous mammalian spinal cord. companion papers, we introduced densely-reconstructed connectome Male Adult Nerve Cord (MANC, Takemura et al., 2023), including cell type developmental lineage annotation (Marin which provides complete VNC connectivity at synaptic resolution. Here, present first look organization networks connecting DNs based on this new information. We proofread curated all ensure accuracy reliability, then systematically matched DN axon terminals MN dendrites with light microscopy data link their morphology inputs or muscle targets. report both broad organizational patterns entire network fine-scale analysis selected interest. discover direct DN-MN connections infrequent identify communities intrinsic linked control different systems, putative for walking, dorsal flight steering power generation, intermediate lower tectulum coordinated action wings legs. Our generates hypotheses future functional experiments and, together MANC connectome, empowers others investigate richer mechanistic detail.

Язык: Английский

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Machine learning reveals the control mechanics of an insect wing hinge

Nature, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 628(8009), С. 795 - 803

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Comparative connectomics of the descending and ascending neurons of theDrosophilanervous system: stereotypy and sexual dimorphism

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

In most complex nervous systems there is a clear anatomical separation between the nerve cord, which contains of final motor outputs necessary for behaviour, and brain. insects, neck connective both physical information bottleneck connecting brain ventral cord (VNC, spinal analogue) comprises diverse populations descending (DN), ascending (AN) sensory neurons, are crucial sensorimotor signalling control. Integrating three separate EM datasets, we now provide complete connectomic description neurons female system

Язык: Английский

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The processing of proprioceptive signals in distributed networks: insights from insect motor control

Journal of Experimental Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 227(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

ABSTRACT The integration of sensory information is required to maintain body posture and generate robust yet flexible locomotion through unpredictable environments. To anticipate adaptations in limb enable compensation sudden perturbations, an animal's nervous system assembles external (exteroception) internal (proprioception) cues. Coherent neuronal representations the proprioceptive context appendages arise from concerted action multiple sense organs monitoring kinetics kinematics. This multimodal information, together with exteroceptive signals brain-derived descending motor commands, converges onto premotor networks – i.e. local circuitry controlling output movements within ventral nerve cord (VNC), insect equivalent vertebrate spinal cord. Review summarizes existing knowledge recent advances understanding how VNC use convergent contextually appropriate activity, focusing on example control. We compare role advantages distributed processing over dedicated pathways, challenges networks. discuss gain may be tuned behavioral repertoire these systems, argue that might compensate for their limited population size by, comparison networks, relying more heavily specificity connections. At a time which connectomics physiological recording techniques anatomical functional circuit dissection at unprecedented resolution, systems offer unique opportunities identify mechanisms underlying

Язык: Английский

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Transforming descending input into behavior: The organization of premotor circuits in the Drosophila Male Adult Nerve Cord connectome

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

In most animals, a relatively small number of descending neurons (DNs) connect higher brain centers in the animal’s head to circuits and motor (MNs) nerve cord body that effect movement limbs. To understand how signals generate behavior, it is critical these pathways are organized onto MNs. fly, Drosophila melanogaster , MNs controlling muscles leg, wing, other systems reside ventral (VNC), analogous mammalian spinal cord. companion papers, we introduced densely-reconstructed connectome Male Adult Nerve Cord (MANC, Takemura et al., 2023), including cell type developmental lineage annotation (Marin which provides complete VNC connectivity at synaptic resolution. Here, present first look organization networks connecting DNs based on this new information. We proofread curated all ensure accuracy reliability, then systematically matched DN axon terminals MN dendrites with light microscopy data link their morphology inputs or muscle targets. report both broad organizational patterns entire network fine-scale analysis selected interest. discover direct DN-MN connections infrequent identify communities intrinsic linked control different systems, putative for walking, dorsal flight steering power generation, intermediate lower tectulum coordinated action wings legs. Our generates hypotheses future functional experiments and, together MANC connectome, empowers others investigate richer mechanistic detail.

Язык: Английский

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Functional connectomics spanning multiple areas of mouse visual cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2021

Abstract To understand the brain we must relate neurons’ functional responses to circuit architecture that shapes them. Here, present a large connectomics dataset with dense calcium imaging of millimeter scale volume. We recorded activity from approximately 75,000 neurons in primary visual cortex (VISp) and three higher areas (VISrl, VISal VISlm) an awake mouse viewing natural movies synthetic stimuli. The data were co-registered volumetric electron microscopy (EM) reconstruction containing more than 200,000 cells 0.5 billion synapses. Subsequent proofreading subset this volume yielded reconstructions include complete dendritic trees as well local inter-areal axonal projections map up thousands cell-to-cell connections per neuron. release open-access resource scientific community including set tools facilitate retrieval downstream analysis. In accompanying papers describe our findings using provide comprehensive structural characterization cortical cell types 1–3 most detailed synaptic level connectivity diagram column date 2 , uncovering unique cell-type specific inhibitory motifs can be linked gene expression 4 . Functionally, identify new computational principles how information is integrated across space 5 characterize novel neuronal invariances 6 bring structure function together decipher general principle wires excitatory within 7, 8

Язык: Английский

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