bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2023
Abstract
Recent
studies
have
found
dramatic
cell-type
specific
responses
to
stimulus
novelty,
highlighting
the
importance
of
analyzing
cortical
circuitry
at
level
granularity
understand
brain
function.
Although
initial
work
classified
and
characterized
activity
for
each
cell
type,
alterations
in
circuitry—particularly
when
multiple
novelty
effects
interact—remain
unclear.
To
address
this
gap,
we
employed
a
large-scale
public
dataset
electrophysiological
recordings
visual
cortex
awake,
behaving
mice
using
Neuropixels
probes
designed
population
network
models
investigate
observed
changes
neural
dynamics
response
combination
distinct
forms
novelty.
The
model
parameters
were
rigorously
constrained
by
publicly
available
structural
datasets,
including
multi-patch
synaptic
physiology
electron
microscopy
data.
Our
systematic
optimization
approach
identified
tens
thousands
parameter
sets
that
replicate
activity.
Analysis
these
solutions
revealed
generally
weaker
connections
under
novel
stimuli,
as
well
shift
balance
e
between
SST
VIP
populations.
Along
with
this,
PV
populations
experienced
overall
more
excitatory
influences
compared
results
also
highlight
role
neurons
aspects
processing
altering
gain
saturation
conditions.
In
sum,
our
findings
provide
characterization
how
circuit
adapts
combining
rich
datasets.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
42(9), С. 113133 - 113133
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023
Visual
stimuli
that
deviate
from
the
current
context
elicit
augmented
responses
in
primary
visual
cortex
(V1).
These
heightened
responses,
known
as
"deviance
detection,"
require
local
inhibition
V1
and
top-down
input
anterior
cingulate
area
(ACa).
Here,
we
investigated
mechanisms
by
which
ACa
interact
to
support
deviance
detection.
Local
field
potential
recordings
mice
during
an
oddball
paradigm
showed
ACa-V1
synchrony
peaks
theta/alpha
band
(≈10
Hz).
Two-photon
imaging
revealed
mainly
pyramidal
neurons
exhibited
detection,
while
contextually
redundant
increased
vasoactive
intestinal
peptide
(VIP)-positive
interneuron
(VIP)
activity
decreased
somatostatin-positive
(SST)
activity.
Optogenetic
drive
of
inputs
at
10
Hz
activated
V1-VIPs
but
inhibited
V1-SSTs,
mirroring
dynamics
present
paradigm.
Chemogenetic
disrupted
Aca-V1
detection
V1.
results
outline
temporal
interneuron-specific
modulation
processing.
Nature,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
633(8029), С. 398 - 406
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024
Abstract
The
brain
functions
as
a
prediction
machine,
utilizing
an
internal
model
of
the
world
to
anticipate
sensations
and
outcomes
our
actions.
Discrepancies
between
expected
actual
events,
referred
errors,
are
leveraged
update
guide
attention
towards
unexpected
events
1–10
.
Despite
importance
prediction-error
signals
for
various
neural
computations
across
brain,
surprisingly
little
is
known
about
circuit
mechanisms
responsible
their
implementation.
Here
we
describe
thalamocortical
disinhibitory
that
required
generating
sensory
in
mouse
primary
visual
cortex
(V1).
We
show
violating
animals’
predictions
by
stimulus
preferentially
boosts
responses
layer
2/3
V1
neurons
most
selective
stimulus.
Prediction
errors
specifically
amplify
input,
rather
than
representing
non-specific
surprise
or
difference
how
input
deviates
from
animal’s
predictions.
This
amplification
implemented
cooperative
mechanism
requiring
thalamic
pulvinar
cortical
vasoactive-intestinal-peptide-expressing
(VIP)
inhibitory
interneurons.
In
response
VIP
inhibit
specific
subpopulation
somatostatin-expressing
interneurons
gate
excitatory
V1,
resulting
pulvinar-driven
stimulus-selective
V1.
Therefore,
prioritizes
unpredicted
information
selectively
increasing
salience
features
through
synergistic
interaction
neocortical
circuits.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(4), С. 114115 - 114115
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
In
the
CA1
hippocampus,
vasoactive
intestinal
polypeptide-expressing
interneurons
(VIP-INs)
play
a
prominent
role
in
disinhibitory
circuit
motifs.
However,
specific
behavioral
conditions
that
lead
to
disinhibition
remain
uncertain.
To
investigate
relevance
of
VIP-IN
activity,
we
employed
wireless
technologies
allowing
us
monitor
and
manipulate
their
function
freely
behaving
mice.
Our
findings
reveal
that,
during
spatial
exploration
new
environments,
VIP-INs
hippocampal
region
become
highly
active,
facilitating
rapid
encoding
novel
information.
Remarkably,
both
pyramidal
neurons
(PNs)
exhibit
increased
activity
when
encountering
changes
environment,
including
context-
object-related
alterations.
Concurrently,
somatostatin-
parvalbumin-expressing
inhibitory
populations
show
an
inverse
relationship
with
PN
revealing
occurs
on
timescale
seconds.
Thus,
VIP-IN-mediated
may
constitute
crucial
element
novelty
acquisition
recognition
memory.
Neuron,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
112(11), С. 1876 - 1890.e4
Опубликована: Март 5, 2024
In
complex
environments,
animals
can
adopt
diverse
strategies
to
find
rewards.
How
distinct
differentially
engage
brain
circuits
is
not
well
understood.
Here,
we
investigate
this
question,
focusing
on
the
cortical
Vip-Sst
disinhibitory
circuit
between
vasoactive
intestinal
peptide-postive
(Vip)
interneurons
and
somatostatin-positive
(Sst)
interneurons.
We
characterize
behavioral
used
by
mice
during
a
visual
change
detection
task.
Using
dynamic
logistic
regression
model,
that
individual
use
mixtures
of
comparison
strategy
statistical
timing
strategy.
Separately,
also
have
periods
task
engagement
disengagement.
Two-photon
calcium
imaging
shows
large
strategy-dependent
differences
in
neural
activity
excitatory,
Sst
inhibitory,
Vip
inhibitory
cells
response
both
image
changes
omissions.
contrast,
has
limited
effects
population
activity.
diversity
correlates
be
understood
parsimoniously
as
increased
activation
strategy,
which
facilitates
task-appropriate
responses.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(16)
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024
Cortical
dynamics
and
computations
are
strongly
influenced
by
diverse
GABAergic
interneurons,
including
those
expressing
parvalbumin
(PV),
somatostatin
(SST),
vasoactive
intestinal
peptide
(VIP).
Together
with
excitatory
(E)
neurons,
they
form
a
canonical
microcircuit
exhibit
counterintuitive
nonlinear
phenomena.
One
instance
of
such
phenomena
is
response
reversal,
whereby
SST
neurons
show
opposite
responses
to
top–down
modulation
via
VIP
depending
on
the
presence
bottom–up
sensory
input,
indicating
that
network
may
function
in
different
regimes
under
stimulation
conditions.
Combining
analytical
computational
approaches,
we
demonstrate
model
networks
multiple
interneuron
subtypes
experimentally
identified
short-term
plasticity
mechanisms
can
implement
reversal.
Surprisingly,
despite
not
directly
affecting
activity,
PV-to-E
depression
has
decisive
impact
We
how
reversal
relates
inhibition
stabilization
paradoxical
effect
several
demonstrating
coincides
change
indispensability
for
stabilization.
In
summary,
our
work
suggests
role
generating
makes
testable
predictions.
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(5), С. 114188 - 114188
Опубликована: Май 1, 2024
Detecting
novelty
is
ethologically
useful
for
an
organism's
survival.
Recent
experiments
characterize
how
different
types
of
over
timescales
from
seconds
to
weeks
are
reflected
in
the
activity
excitatory
and
inhibitory
neuron
types.
Here,
we
introduce
a
learning
mechanism,
familiarity-modulated
synapses
(FMSs),
consisting
multiplicative
modulations
dependent
on
presynaptic
or
pre/postsynaptic
activity.
With
FMSs,
network
responses
that
encode
emerge
under
unsupervised
continual
minimal
connectivity
constraints.
Implementing
FMSs
within
experimentally
constrained
model
visual
cortical
circuit,
demonstrate
generalizability
by
simultaneously
fitting
absolute,
contextual,
omission
effects.
Our
also
reproduces
functional
diversity
cell
subpopulations,
leading
testable
predictions
about
synaptic
dynamics
can
produce
both
population-level
heterogeneous
individual
signals.
Altogether,
our
findings
simple
plasticity
mechanisms
circuit
structure
qualitatively
distinct
complex
responses.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023
Abstract
The
brain
functions
as
a
prediction
machine,
utilizing
an
internal
model
of
the
world
to
anticipate
sensations
and
outcomes
our
actions.
Discrepancies
between
expected
actual
events,
referred
errors,
are
leveraged
update
guide
attention
towards
unexpected
events
1–10
.
Despite
importance
error
signals
for
various
neural
computations
across
multiple
regions,
surprisingly
little
is
known
about
circuit
mechanisms
responsible
their
implementation.
Here
we
describe
thalamocortical
disinhibitory
required
generating
sensory
errors
in
mouse
primary
visual
cortex
(V1).
Using
calcium
imaging
with
optogenetic
manipulations
mice
traverse
familiar
virtual
environment,
show
that
violation
animals’
predictions
by
stimulus
preferentially
boosts
responses
layer
2/3
V1
neurons
most
selective
stimulus.
Prediction
specifically
amplify
input,
rather
than
representing
non-specific
surprise
or
difference
signal
how
input
deviates
from
predictions.
Selective
amplification
implemented
cooperative
mechanism
requiring
thalamic
pulvinar,
cortical
vasoactive-intestinal-peptide-expressing
(VIP)
inhibitory
interneurons.
In
response
VIP
inhibit
specific
subpopulation
somatostatin-expressing
(SOM)
interneurons
gate
excitatory
pulvinar
V1,
resulting
pulvinar-driven
response-amplification
stimulus-selective
V1.
Therefore,
prioritizes
unpredicted
information
selectively
increasing
salience
features
through
synergistic
interaction
neocortical
circuits.