Animal models of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome: a call for longitudinal animal studies
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025
Animal
models
are
indispensable
for
unraveling
the
mechanisms
underlying
post-acute
sequelae
of
COVID-19
(PASC).
This
review
evaluates
recent
research
on
PASC-related
perturbations
in
animal
models,
drawing
comparisons
with
clinical
findings.
Despite
limited
number
studies
post-COVID
conditions,
particularly
those
extending
beyond
three
months,
these
provide
valuable
insights.
Three
hallmark
features
PASC-lung
fibrosis,
hyperglycemia,
and
neurological
sequelae-have
been
successfully
replicated
paving
way
mechanistic
discoveries
future
medical
interventions.
Although
most
have
reported
conditions
within
14-60
days
post-infection,
they
still
offer
critical
reference
long-term
research.
also
explores
potential
persisting
immune
misfiring,
a
key
factor
chronicity
PASC
symptoms.
Moreover,
challenges
modeling
discussed,
including
genetic
diversity
inbred
strains
difficulties
accurately
identifying
PASC-affected
individuals.
To
address
issues,
we
propose
methodological
improvements,
such
as
comparing
individual
parameters
control
averages
incorporating
genetically
diverse
populations
like
collaborative
cross
models.
These
strategies
will
enhance
identification
characterization
endotypes
studies.
By
integrating
findings
from
manifestations
PASC,
can
more
insights
into
its
support
development
effective
therapeutic
strategies.
Finally,
emphasize
urgent
need
longitudinal
to
fully
uncover
driving
guide
interventions
mitigate
public
health
impact.
Язык: Английский
Translating insights into therapies for Long Covid
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(773)
Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024
Long
Covid
is
defined
by
a
wide
range
of
symptoms
that
persist
after
the
acute
phase
severe
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection.
Commonly
reported
include
fatigue,
weakness,
postexertional
malaise,
and
cognitive
dysfunction,
with
many
other
reported.
Symptom
range,
duration,
severity
are
highly
variable
partially
overlap
myalgic
encephalomyelitis/chronic
fatigue
post-acute
infectious
syndromes,
highlighting
opportunities
to
define
shared
mechanisms
pathogenesis.
Potential
diverse,
including
persistence
viral
reservoirs,
dysregulated
immune
responses,
direct
damage
tissues
targeted
SARS-CoV-2,
inflammation
driven
reactivation
latent
infections,
vascular
endothelium
activation
or
subsequent
thromboinflammation,
autoimmunity,
metabolic
derangements,
microglial
activation,
microbiota
dysbiosis.
The
heterogeneity
baseline
characteristics
people
Covid,
as
well
varying
states
immunity
therapies
given
at
time
infection,
have
made
etiologies
difficult
determine.
Here,
we
examine
progress
on
preclinical
models
for
review
being
in
clinical
trials,
need
large
human
studies
further
development
better
understand
Covid.
Such
will
inform
trials
treatments
benefit
those
living
this
condition.
Язык: Английский