A survey of multimodal information fusion for smart healthcare: Mapping the journey from data to wisdom

Information Fusion, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 102, С. 102040 - 102040

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Multimodal medical data fusion has emerged as a transformative approach in smart healthcare, enabling comprehensive understanding of patient health and personalized treatment plans. In this paper, journey from to information knowledge wisdom (DIKW) is explored through multimodal for healthcare. We present review focused on the integration various modalities. The explores different approaches such feature selection, rule-based systems, machine ;earning, deep learning, natural language processing, fusing analyzing data. This paper also highlights challenges associated with By synthesizing reviewed frameworks theories, it proposes generic framework that aligns DIKW model. Moreover, discusses future directions related four pillars healthcare: Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, Participatory approaches. components survey presented form foundation more successful implementation Our findings can guide researchers practitioners leveraging power state-of-the-art revolutionize healthcare improve outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Using routinely collected clinical data for circadian medicine: A review of opportunities and challenges

PLOS Digital Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(5), С. e0000511 - e0000511

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

A wealth of data is available from electronic health records (EHR) that are collected as part routine clinical care in hospitals worldwide. These rich, longitudinal offer an attractive object study for the field circadian medicine, which aims to translate knowledge rhythms improve patient health. This narrative review discuss opportunities EHR studies highlight methodological challenges, and provide recommendations using these advance field. In existing literature, we find real-world settings have potential shed light on key questions including how 24-hour features associated with—or even predictive of—health outcomes, whether effect medication or other activities depend time day, physiology may influence reference ranges sampling protocols. However, optimal use medicine requires careful consideration limitations sources bias inherent sources. particular, day influences almost every interaction between a healthcare system, creating operational patterns little nothing do with biology. Addressing challenges could help expand evidence base medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Time series-free rhythm profiling using COFE reveals multi-omic circadian rhythms in in-vivo human cancers

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

The study of the ubiquitous circadian rhythms in human physiology typically requires regular measurements across time. Repeated sampling different internal tissues that house clocks is both practically and ethically infeasible. Here, we present a novel unsupervised machine learning approach (COFE) can use single high-throughput (omics) samples from individuals to reconstruct cohorts. COFE assign time-labels samples, identify rhythmic data features used for temporal reconstruction. With COFE, discovered widespread de novo gene expression eleven adenocarcinomas using TCGA database. arrangement peak times core clock was conserved cancers resembled healthy functional except mistiming few key genes. commonly genes were involved metabolism cell cycle. Although these synchronized with cycle many cancers, they uncoupled matched tissue. Moreover, transcriptome strongly associated cancer-relevant proteome. targets most FDA-approved potential anti-cancer drugs tumor tissue amplitudes times, emphasizing utility considering "time" cancer therapy. Our thus creates new opportunities repurpose without rhythms.

Язык: Английский

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Temporal dynamics in laboratory medicine: cosinor analysis and real-world data (RWD) approaches to population chronobiology

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Год журнала: 2025, Номер 63(7), С. 1392 - 1401

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025

Chronobiology is the science that studies biological rhythms based on direct methods and empirical time series of individual subjects. In laboratory medicine, factor often underestimated, no currently exist to study in population databases point-like, real-world data (RWD). Retrospective (24 months, 2022-2023) were extracted for four measurands (sodium, potassium, chloride leukocytes) from emergency laboratory. Two different strategies grouping applied: clouds (with or without outliers) population-averaged profiles. Cosinor regression analysis was performed grouped derive circadian parameters. The parameters obtained here compared results literature, using series. A total 409,719 points analyzed. All exhibited symmetrical distributions, except leukocytes. did not visually display rhythmicity, but cosinor revealed a significant rhythm. removal outliers had minimal impact results. contrast, profiles showed visible which confirmed by with better goodness-of-fit clouds. Population-averaged have advantages over characterizing deriving Population chronobiology, RWD, presented as an alternative classical overcomes limitations methods. Utilizing RWD provides new insights into relationship between chronobiology clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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Rhythm profiling using COFE reveals multi-omic circadian rhythms in human cancers in vivo

PLoS Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 23(5), С. e3003196 - e3003196

Опубликована: Май 27, 2025

The study of ubiquitous circadian rhythms in human physiology requires regular measurements across time. Repeated sampling the different internal tissues that house clocks is both practically and ethically infeasible. Here, we present a novel unsupervised machine learning approach (COFE) can use single high-throughput omics samples (without time labels) from individuals to reconstruct cohorts. COFE simultaneously assign labels identify rhythmic data features used for temporal reconstruction, while also detecting invalid orderings. With COFE, discovered widespread de novo gene expression 11 adenocarcinomas using Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. arrangement peak times core clock was conserved cancers resembled healthy functional except mistiming few key genes. Moreover, transcriptome were strongly associated with cancer-relevant proteome. genes proteins common all involved metabolism cell cycle. Although these synchronized cycle many cancers, they uncoupled matched tissue. targets most FDA-approved potential anti-cancer drugs tumor tissue amplitudes times. These findings emphasize utility considering “time" cancer therapy, suggest focus on rather than free-running Our thus creates new opportunities repurpose without rhythms.

Язык: Английский

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Time for circadian medicine

Acta Physiologica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 238(3)

Опубликована: Май 22, 2023

Circadian medicine developed from chronobiology, which deals with temporal processes in biological systems. Humans have an internal circadian clock that it is genetically determined, synchronized the environment by light and food, controls myriad time-of-day-dependent physiological each cell of our body.1, 2 In 2017, Rosbash, Hall Young received Nobel Prize Physiology or Medicine for elucidating molecular mechanism clock. addition, incidence symptoms many diseases vary time day. Shift work other environmental factors disrupting are associated common diseases. Vice versa, various maladies perturb rhythms, such as sleep–wake cycle. Chronobiology allows us to study relationships mechanistically, example genetic models. The evidence now overwhelming: An intact, well-synchronized crucial health. Modern shift work, travel across zones, irregular diet, pollution social jetlag on rise 24/7 society increase risk disease misaligning Moreover, pathologies, rhythms disturbed, thus a disrupted may also be symptom disease. Because multiple feedbacks, disruption linked kind self-enforcing vicious cycle.3 Fortunately, these correlations gradually being recognized, new discipline “circadian medicine” established aims use translate this knowledge benefit patients. increasingly promoted high-profile medical journals4-6 standard books7 centres clinics emerging around world. There already first great successes, example, chronotherapy cancer8 rheumatoid arthritis9 or—just recently—in development novel diagnostic tools.10, 11 comprises three fundamental aspects, we called triad medicine: detecting clock, targeting exploiting clock.12 (i) Detecting means part precision through tools allow personalized interventions tailored status For objective biomarker tests been recently proposed require blood tissue samples only single few points, diagnosing larger cohorts.11, 13 increasing wearables telemedicine will enable live readout future, becoming very important preventive medicine. (ii) Targeting improvement re-synchronization Such can look different, therapy, dark hormone melatonin, time-restricted eating (TRE) zeitgeber, especially clocks peripheral organs exercise. Also, initial studies underway directly target using drugs. Underlying all approaches hypothesis strengthening realigning reduces accelerates recovery (iii) Exploiting usage about time-of-day adapted treatment regimens procedures. drugs, those short half-lives body, exhibit dependent difference their effects side effects, still largely ignored clinical practice. 75% pharmacological administration was explicitly evaluated outcome, variation drug efficacy toxicity demonstrated.4 reviews presented special issue address aspects They do so perspective different patterns, because there likely overarching principles reciprocal relationship between system disorders disease, uncovering requires broad transdisciplinary research. This attempts fact includes review articles conditions well options approaches. Our current impact pathologies vice versa addressed, ways strategies treating them presented. Finally, one addresses challenge data integration analysis questions projects, intersecting theme field whole.14 Despite deliberately chosen breadth subject matter, main areas focused on: immunology, energy metabolism neuropsychiatry. immunology goes back over 50 years, when reported circulating lymphocyte counts oscillate healthy humans manner endotoxin susceptibility mice depends exposure time. Since then, hundreds experimental epidemiological rodents shown regulates immunity at almost levels (e.g., migration myeloid lymphoid cells, cytokine secretion, differentiation maturation leukocyte subsets) regulation (for comprehensive reviews, see Refs. [15-17]). leads abnormal Th17 resulting higher autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), mouse model MS.18 It note sleep per se increases organism's resistance infection deprivation impairs immune functions.19 Therefore, often not easy determine whether compromised direct result dysregulation indirectly caused insufficient sleep. 2019, National Institutes Health (NIH) recognized developments hosted interdisciplinary workshop titled “Sleep Insufficiency, Misalignment, Immune Response” discuss state recent findings field, thereby stimulating translational approaches.20 issue, interplay potential discussed context inflammatory arthritis sclerosis21 lung inflammation22 Alzheimer's disease.23 interaction metabolic functions complex intensively studied levels.24 became clear early systemic control mediated sophisticated central metabolically relevant tissues (liver, adipose tissue, muscle, pancreas, adrenal, etc.). With discovery nutrients metabolites, turn, act powerful zeitgebers clocks, malnutrition food intake wrong times disruptions system, idea born TRE could used approach restore normal (especially tissues). Indeed, shows significant parameters mice, but humans, occurs strict attention paid reduce caloric intake. timed nutritional cues improve health covered several articles, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,25 sclerosis,21 obesity26 intensive care unit patients.22 exercise zeitgeber its effect myokine microRNA release type diabetes patients discussed.27 master mammals located suprachiasmatic nuclei anterior hypothalamus entrained via retinal innervations. Before oscillators, chronobiology usually neurobiology departments. Many neurodegenerative processes,28, 29 Parkinson's Huntington's psychiatric major depressive disorder, bipolar schizophrenia30, 31) brain failure neurocognitive disturbances delirium32) characterized substantial changes including rhythm frequently precede cognitive decline, they postulated predictors On hand, neural circuits regulate vulnerable neurodegeneration damage, consequence Thus, rhythm, neurological bidirectional. Uncovering fundamentals provide opportunities identify targets prevention debilitating focus neuropsychiatric disease,33 disease,23 delirium,22 psychosis,34 addiction.35 summary, series demonstrate ubiquity influence contributing identification link pathology organ prerequisite developing testing evidence-based application—concepts successes here. vision future integrate firmly into guidelines that, patient, aspect always taken account and, if necessary, included plan. has facets sustain development, need advanced. author consultant Stanford University shareholder BodyClock GmbH.

Язык: Английский

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Keep It Simple: Using README Files to Advance Standardization in Chronobiology

Clocks & Sleep, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 5(3), С. 499 - 506

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2023

Standardization plays a crucial role in ensuring the reliability, reproducibility, and interoperability of research data biomedical sciences. Metadata standards are one foundation for FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles management. They facilitate discovery, understanding, reuse. However, adoption metadata biological lags practice. Barriers such as complexity, lack incentives, technical challenges, resource constraints, resistance to change hinder widespread adoption. In field chronobiology, standardization is essential but faces particular challenges due longitudinal nature experimental data, diverse model organisms, varied measurement techniques. To address these we propose an approach that emphasizes simplicity practicality: development README templates tailored types species. Through this opinion article, our intention initiate dialogue commence community-driven process by engaging potential contributors collaborators.

Язык: Английский

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Data sharing in circadian rhythm and mental health research: current status, challenges, recommendations and future directions.

BMJ Mental Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(1), С. e301333 - e301333

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Data sharing is a cornerstone of modern scientific research, playing critical role in fostering greater collaboration, enhancing reproducibility, transparency and efficiency discoveries, integrating diverse data sources. In circadian rhythm particularly important due to the complexity heterogeneity data, which includes molecular profiles, physiological measurements, clinical sensor-based data. UK research funders, such as Medical Research Council, Wellcome Trust Innovation, have established data-sharing policies promote open science enhance transparency. Despite these policies, recent assessment within Circadian Mental Health Network (CMHN), incorporates an analysis publications from several countries, revealed that remains limited. Significant challenges including complexity, privacy ethical considerations, technical issues entrenched academic culture are major barriers progress. This perspective article highlights current state mental health identifies key obstacles compares practices with broader trends. We also provide insights principal investigators CMHN on reasons for limited sharing. To address challenges, researchers can foster openness by seeking training, planning ahead ethics processes management plans using outputs assessment. outline CMHN’s future deliver training Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable principles, offer curation services guidelines. By adopting strategies, we aim improve practices, ultimately advancing our understanding rhythms their implications health.

Язык: Английский

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Navigating Complexities Through Unveiling Sustainability Challenges in AI Using a Bibliometric Approach

Advances in finance, accounting, and economics book series, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 231 - 239

Опубликована: Март 15, 2024

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has unveiled myriad possibilities and advancements, yet it brings forth critical sustainability challenges that demand immediate attention. This chapter employs a bibliometric approach to elucidate the intricate landscape within realm AI. By analysing comprehensive array scholarly works, this study aims navigate through complexities inherent in sustainable AI development. analysis provides panoramic view prevailing issues, enabling structured understanding environmental, societal, ethical dilemmas posed by proliferation. Insights gleaned from offer valuable pathways for stakeholders, policymakers, researchers address mitigate entwined with exponential growth technology.

Язык: Английский

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Color in physiology

Acta Physiologica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 240(8)

Опубликована: Май 24, 2024

As humans, we detect and process external stimuli through sensory perception.1 Vision, scent, touch, sound, taste, often in combination and/or simultaneously, help us interpret adequately react to our environments. Sensory perceptual alterations humans occur on a wide spectrum,2 ranging from physiological phenomena response everyday environmental3 or hormonal4 influences, the aura symptoms migraine patients, severe, prolonged that qualify as hallucinations.5 Color perception is fundamental aspect of human experience. Colors, manifestations different wavelengths light, influence emotions, behaviors responses.6 From vibrant hues sunset subtle shades painting, way perceive color plays huge role shaping understanding world around us. In recent years, scientific inquiry into details mechanisms behind visual have deepened comprehension how system processes interprets rich array colors environment. Recent insights signal interpretation include for example pacsin proteins vision, novel function these regulators actin cytoskeleton cellular transport processes.7 Also, context maintaining healthy circadian rhythms, an impaired eyesight8 eye not only light- but also temperature-sensitive organ9, 10 been described. Aside light wavelenghths color, colored has become indispensable methodological tool physiologists precisely manipulate activate inhibit intracerebral neural circuits selectively stimulate suppress neuronal activity with high temporal spatial precision, e.g. analyze complex networks elucidate causal relationships between behavior.11-13 However, multifaceted communicative across various domains, encompassing fields biology design. nature, act language, signaling vital information, survival reproduction. flowers attracting pollinators warning venomous creatures, organisms utilize convey messages efficiently. Beyond biology, harness potent means expression communication. plays, example, pivotal branding, where synonymous companies products consumer behavior. choices evoke cultural significance, guide attention—a which research significantly contributed. Take, vision deficiency, commonly known blindness, condition characterized by inability certain accurately. On November 15, 1875, approximately 8 km west Linköping, error station master steam engine driver resulted fatal Lagerlunda train accident. Ophthalmologist Frithiof Holmgren was first suggest engineer northbound express, Andersson, his oiler, Larsson, had blind, contributing Concurrently, pioneered screening test deficiency,14 revolutionizing assessment this condition. Although neither Andersson nor Larsson survived be tested, implementation mandatory color-vision railroad staff remains day cornerstone public safety. academic contexts, power when teach, write present results. Ensuring compatibility deficiencies avoiding problematic combinations such red-green can promote inclusivity data interpretation. When presenting results, strategic utilization enhances clarity impact The careful selection helps distinguish categories, facilitates easy audience, draws attention important trends patterns. Additionally, adherence conventions, heat maps mRNA levels15 visualization gradual responses shivering,16 improve consistency presentations. Visualizing multimodal datasets biomedical poses challenges due disparate nature sources, requiring innovative techniques integrate information cohesively.17 Incorporating diverse types images, genomic sequences, clinical records demands sophisticated tools capable capturing patterns modalities, coding aid greatly. Standardization facilitate multiplex analyses,18, 19 streamlining enhancing reproducibility research, thereby fostering efficient collaboration advancing understanding. general, impacts physiology, deepen knowledge mind body pave applications healthcare None. authors declare no conflict interest.

Язык: Английский

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