The perfect threat: Pesticides and vultures

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 687, С. 1207 - 1218

Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Tracking data highlight the importance of human-induced mortality for large migratory birds at a flyway scale

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 293, С. 110525 - 110525

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Human-induced direct mortality affects huge numbers of birds each year, threatening hundreds species worldwide. Tracking technologies can be an important tool to investigate temporal and spatial patterns bird as well their drivers. We compiled 1704 records from tracking studies across the African-Eurasian flyway for 45 species, including raptors, storks, cranes, covering period 2003 2021. Our results show a higher frequency human-induced causes than natural taxonomic groups, geographical areas, age classes. Moreover, we found that remained stable over study period. From events with known cause (n = 637), three main were identified: electrocution (40.5 %), illegal killing (21.7 poisoning (16.3 %). Additionally, combined energy infrastructure-related (i.e., electrocution, power line collision, wind-farm collision) represented 49 % all events. Using random forest model, predictors group, geographic location (latitude longitude), human footprint index value at mortality. Despite conservation efforts, drivers in do not appear have declined last 15 years studied group species. Results suggest stronger actions address these threats reduce impacts on In particular, projected future development infrastructure is representative example where application planning, operation, mitigation measures enhance conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Apex scavengers from different European populations converge at threatened savannah landscapes

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

Abstract Over millennia, human intervention has transformed European habitats mainly through extensive livestock grazing. “Dehesas/Montados” are an Iberian savannah-like ecosystem dominated by oak-trees, bushes and grass species that subject to agricultural uses. They a good example of how large-scale, low intensive transformations can maintain high biodiversity levels as well socio-economic cultural values. However, the role these human-modified play for individuals or living beyond their borders is unknown. Here, using dataset 106 adult GPS-tagged Eurasian griffon vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) monitored over seven years, we show breeding in western populations from Northern, Central, Southern Spain, France made long-range forays (LRFs) up 800 km converge threatened “dehesas” forage. There, wild ungulates provide large amounts carcasses, which available scavengers traditional exploitations rewilding processes. Our results highlight maintaining critical not only local but also long-term conservation services provided avian across continent.

Язык: Английский

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High exposure of global tree diversity to human pressure

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(25)

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2022

Safeguarding Earth's tree diversity is a conservation priority due to the importance of trees for biodiversity and ecosystem functions services such as carbon sequestration. Here, we improve foundation effective global by analyzing recently developed database species covering 46,752 species. We quantify range protection anthropogenic pressures each develop priorities across taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional dimensions. also assess effectiveness several influential proposed prioritization frameworks protect top 17% 50% areas. find that an average 50.2% species' occurs in 110-km grid cells without any protected areas (PAs), with 6,377 small-range fully unprotected, 83% experience nonnegligible human pressure their on average. Protecting high-priority thresholds would increase proportion 65.5% 82.6%, respectively, leaving many fewer (2,151 2,010) completely unprotected. The identified match well Global 200 Ecoregions framework, revealing large part optimize terrestrial overall. Based estimates >46,000 species, our findings show receive limited current PAs are under substantial pressure. Improved overall strongly benefit diversity.

Язык: Английский

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The mesoscavenger release hypothesis and implications for ecosystem and human well‐being

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 22(9), С. 1340 - 1348

Опубликована: Май 27, 2019

Abstract Many apex scavenger species, including nearly all obligate scavengers, are in a state of rapid decline and there is growing evidence these declines can drastically alter ecological food webs. Our understanding how scavengers regulate populations mesoscavengers, those less‐efficient occupying mid‐trophic levels, improving; yet, has been no comprehensive evaluation the around competitive release species by loss scavengers. Here we present current that supports mesoscavenger hypothesis, increase mesoscavengers carrion face declining We provide two models dynamics to demonstrate hypothesis consistent with theory. further examine human well‐being implications decline, removal disease regulation services.

Язык: Английский

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Landscape anthropization shapes the survival of a top avian scavenger

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 29(4), С. 1411 - 1425

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2020

Язык: Английский

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From flames to inflammation: how wildfires affect patterns of wildlife disease

Fire Ecology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 23, 2021

Abstract Background Fire strongly affects animals’ behavior, population dynamics, and environmental surroundings, which in turn are likely to affect their immune systems exposure pathogens. However, little work has yet been conducted on the effects of wildfires wildlife disease. This research gap is rapidly growing importance because becoming globally more common severe, with unknown impacts disease unclear implications for livestock human health future. Results Here, we discussed how could influence susceptibility infection wild animals, potential consequences ecology public health. In our framework, outlined habitat loss degradation caused by fire defenses, behavioral demographic responses pathogen exposure, spread, maintenance. We identified relative unknowns that might dynamics unpredictable ways (e.g., through altered community composition free-living parasites). Finally, avenues future investigations fire-disease links. Conclusions hope this review will stimulate much-needed role wildfire influencing disease, providing an important source information wake other natural disasters, encouraging further integration fields ecology.

Язык: Английский

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Ecosystem services and disservices associated with vultures: A systematic review and evidence assessment

Ecosystem Services, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56, С. 101447 - 101447

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2022

Nature's contribution to people (i.e. ecosystem services) is becoming integral conservation science and policy, yet our knowledge restricted only a few services taxa. Vultures (family: Accipitridae Cathartidae), most of which are threatened with extinction, have been touted for delivering regulation maintenance via their capacity rapidly consume organic matter. As such, appellation as "nature's clean-up crew" has become very popular. However, comprehensive evaluation the supporting evidence such was absent from published literature. We performed systematic review assessment quantify global vultures towards over 20 disservices. Our analysis determined critical imbalance in scope focus research. In contrast birds' popularised image cleaners environment, we found weak support any vultures. Moreover, studies on disservices were prominent. The supported by strong cultural, although even these evidenced limited number studies. Finally, unveil major gaps service disservice literature taxonomic spatial scale related highlights urgent need net people.

Язык: Английский

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Priorities for research and action to prevent a New World vulture crisis

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 270, С. 109563 - 109563

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2022

Proactive approaches are typically more cost-effective than reactive ones, and this is clearly the case for biodiversity conservation. Research conservation actions Old World vultures followed large population declines, particularly in Asia Africa. These clear examples of intensive management. We here contend that there signs a potential upcoming continental vulture crisis New World. Word share many threats have decimated their counterparts, such as toxicosis from poisoning lead. At same time, we show quantitative data on key demographic action aspects largely lacking vultures, those restricted to Neotropics. This knowledge gap prevents us quantifying turn, design effective management mitigate prevent further declines. Essentially, if current gaps not filled rapidly, will miss opportunity apply proactive propose set Americas.

Язык: Английский

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Priority areas for conservation alone are not a good proxy for predicting the impact of renewable energy expansion

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 119(33)

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

Microbial communities are found throughout the biosphere, from human guts to glaciers, soil activated sludge. Understanding statistical properties of such diverse can pave way elucidate common mechanisms ...Multiple ecological forces act together shape composition microbial communities. Phyloecology approaches—which combine phylogenetic relationships between species with community ecology—have potential disentangle but often ...

Язык: Английский

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