Bird Conservation International,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(2), С. 188 - 205
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2021
Summary
Vulture
populations
are
in
severe
decline
across
Africa
and
prioritization
of
geographic
areas
for
their
conservation
is
urgently
needed.
To
do
so,
we
compiled
three
independent
datasets
on
vulture
occurrence
from
road-surveys,
GPS-tracking,
citizen
science
(eBird),
used
maximum
entropy
to
build
ensemble
species
distribution
models
(SDMs).
We
then
identified
spatial
priorities
Ethiopia,
a
stronghold
vultures
Africa,
while
accounting
uncertainty
our
predictions.
were
able
robust
five
the
entirety
including
Critically
Endangered,
one
Near
Threatened
species.
show
that
occur
highlands
which
provide
particularly
important
habitat
Bearded
Gypaetus
barbatus
,
Hooded
Necrosyrtes
monachus
Rüppell’s
Gyps
rüppelli
White-backed
africanus
Vultures,
as
well
lowlands
north-eastern
valuable
Egyptian
Neophron
percnopterus
.
One-third
core
was
protected,
followed
by
at
one-sixth,
all
other
one-tenth.
Overall,
only
about
one-fifth
priority
protected.
Given
there
limited
protection
range
widely,
argue
measures
broad
legislative
scope
will
be
necessary
address
drivers
declines,
poisoning,
energy
infrastructure,
climate
change,
considering
local
social
context
aiding
sustainable
development.
Biological Conservation,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
293, С. 110525 - 110525
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024
Human-induced
direct
mortality
affects
huge
numbers
of
birds
each
year,
threatening
hundreds
species
worldwide.
Tracking
technologies
can
be
an
important
tool
to
investigate
temporal
and
spatial
patterns
bird
as
well
their
drivers.
We
compiled
1704
records
from
tracking
studies
across
the
African-Eurasian
flyway
for
45
species,
including
raptors,
storks,
cranes,
covering
period
2003
2021.
Our
results
show
a
higher
frequency
human-induced
causes
than
natural
taxonomic
groups,
geographical
areas,
age
classes.
Moreover,
we
found
that
remained
stable
over
study
period.
From
events
with
known
cause
(n
=
637),
three
main
were
identified:
electrocution
(40.5
%),
illegal
killing
(21.7
poisoning
(16.3
%).
Additionally,
combined
energy
infrastructure-related
(i.e.,
electrocution,
power
line
collision,
wind-farm
collision)
represented
49
%
all
events.
Using
random
forest
model,
predictors
group,
geographic
location
(latitude
longitude),
human
footprint
index
value
at
mortality.
Despite
conservation
efforts,
drivers
in
do
not
appear
have
declined
last
15
years
studied
group
species.
Results
suggest
stronger
actions
address
these
threats
reduce
impacts
on
In
particular,
projected
future
development
infrastructure
is
representative
example
where
application
planning,
operation,
mitigation
measures
enhance
conservation.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022
Abstract
Over
millennia,
human
intervention
has
transformed
European
habitats
mainly
through
extensive
livestock
grazing.
“Dehesas/Montados”
are
an
Iberian
savannah-like
ecosystem
dominated
by
oak-trees,
bushes
and
grass
species
that
subject
to
agricultural
uses.
They
a
good
example
of
how
large-scale,
low
intensive
transformations
can
maintain
high
biodiversity
levels
as
well
socio-economic
cultural
values.
However,
the
role
these
human-modified
play
for
individuals
or
living
beyond
their
borders
is
unknown.
Here,
using
dataset
106
adult
GPS-tagged
Eurasian
griffon
vultures
(
Gyps
fulvus
)
monitored
over
seven
years,
we
show
breeding
in
western
populations
from
Northern,
Central,
Southern
Spain,
France
made
long-range
forays
(LRFs)
up
800
km
converge
threatened
“dehesas”
forage.
There,
wild
ungulates
provide
large
amounts
carcasses,
which
available
scavengers
traditional
exploitations
rewilding
processes.
Our
results
highlight
maintaining
critical
not
only
local
but
also
long-term
conservation
services
provided
avian
across
continent.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
119(25)
Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2022
Safeguarding
Earth's
tree
diversity
is
a
conservation
priority
due
to
the
importance
of
trees
for
biodiversity
and
ecosystem
functions
services
such
as
carbon
sequestration.
Here,
we
improve
foundation
effective
global
by
analyzing
recently
developed
database
species
covering
46,752
species.
We
quantify
range
protection
anthropogenic
pressures
each
develop
priorities
across
taxonomic,
phylogenetic,
functional
dimensions.
also
assess
effectiveness
several
influential
proposed
prioritization
frameworks
protect
top
17%
50%
areas.
find
that
an
average
50.2%
species'
occurs
in
110-km
grid
cells
without
any
protected
areas
(PAs),
with
6,377
small-range
fully
unprotected,
83%
experience
nonnegligible
human
pressure
their
on
average.
Protecting
high-priority
thresholds
would
increase
proportion
65.5%
82.6%,
respectively,
leaving
many
fewer
(2,151
2,010)
completely
unprotected.
The
identified
match
well
Global
200
Ecoregions
framework,
revealing
large
part
optimize
terrestrial
overall.
Based
estimates
>46,000
species,
our
findings
show
receive
limited
current
PAs
are
under
substantial
pressure.
Improved
overall
strongly
benefit
diversity.
Ecology Letters,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
22(9), С. 1340 - 1348
Опубликована: Май 27, 2019
Abstract
Many
apex
scavenger
species,
including
nearly
all
obligate
scavengers,
are
in
a
state
of
rapid
decline
and
there
is
growing
evidence
these
declines
can
drastically
alter
ecological
food
webs.
Our
understanding
how
scavengers
regulate
populations
mesoscavengers,
those
less‐efficient
occupying
mid‐trophic
levels,
improving;
yet,
has
been
no
comprehensive
evaluation
the
around
competitive
release
species
by
loss
scavengers.
Here
we
present
current
that
supports
mesoscavenger
hypothesis,
increase
mesoscavengers
carrion
face
declining
We
provide
two
models
dynamics
to
demonstrate
hypothesis
consistent
with
theory.
further
examine
human
well‐being
implications
decline,
removal
disease
regulation
services.
Abstract
Background
Fire
strongly
affects
animals’
behavior,
population
dynamics,
and
environmental
surroundings,
which
in
turn
are
likely
to
affect
their
immune
systems
exposure
pathogens.
However,
little
work
has
yet
been
conducted
on
the
effects
of
wildfires
wildlife
disease.
This
research
gap
is
rapidly
growing
importance
because
becoming
globally
more
common
severe,
with
unknown
impacts
disease
unclear
implications
for
livestock
human
health
future.
Results
Here,
we
discussed
how
could
influence
susceptibility
infection
wild
animals,
potential
consequences
ecology
public
health.
In
our
framework,
outlined
habitat
loss
degradation
caused
by
fire
defenses,
behavioral
demographic
responses
pathogen
exposure,
spread,
maintenance.
We
identified
relative
unknowns
that
might
dynamics
unpredictable
ways
(e.g.,
through
altered
community
composition
free-living
parasites).
Finally,
avenues
future
investigations
fire-disease
links.
Conclusions
hope
this
review
will
stimulate
much-needed
role
wildfire
influencing
disease,
providing
an
important
source
information
wake
other
natural
disasters,
encouraging
further
integration
fields
ecology.
Ecosystem Services,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
56, С. 101447 - 101447
Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2022
Nature's
contribution
to
people
(i.e.
ecosystem
services)
is
becoming
integral
conservation
science
and
policy,
yet
our
knowledge
restricted
only
a
few
services
taxa.
Vultures
(family:
Accipitridae
Cathartidae),
most
of
which
are
threatened
with
extinction,
have
been
touted
for
delivering
regulation
maintenance
via
their
capacity
rapidly
consume
organic
matter.
As
such,
appellation
as
"nature's
clean-up
crew"
has
become
very
popular.
However,
comprehensive
evaluation
the
supporting
evidence
such
was
absent
from
published
literature.
We
performed
systematic
review
assessment
quantify
global
vultures
towards
over
20
disservices.
Our
analysis
determined
critical
imbalance
in
scope
focus
research.
In
contrast
birds'
popularised
image
cleaners
environment,
we
found
weak
support
any
vultures.
Moreover,
studies
on
disservices
were
prominent.
The
supported
by
strong
cultural,
although
even
these
evidenced
limited
number
studies.
Finally,
unveil
major
gaps
service
disservice
literature
taxonomic
spatial
scale
related
highlights
urgent
need
net
people.
Biological Conservation,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
270, С. 109563 - 109563
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2022
Proactive
approaches
are
typically
more
cost-effective
than
reactive
ones,
and
this
is
clearly
the
case
for
biodiversity
conservation.
Research
conservation
actions
Old
World
vultures
followed
large
population
declines,
particularly
in
Asia
Africa.
These
clear
examples
of
intensive
management.
We
here
contend
that
there
signs
a
potential
upcoming
continental
vulture
crisis
New
World.
Word
share
many
threats
have
decimated
their
counterparts,
such
as
toxicosis
from
poisoning
lead.
At
same
time,
we
show
quantitative
data
on
key
demographic
action
aspects
largely
lacking
vultures,
those
restricted
to
Neotropics.
This
knowledge
gap
prevents
us
quantifying
turn,
design
effective
management
mitigate
prevent
further
declines.
Essentially,
if
current
gaps
not
filled
rapidly,
will
miss
opportunity
apply
proactive
propose
set
Americas.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
119(33)
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022
Microbial
communities
are
found
throughout
the
biosphere,
from
human
guts
to
glaciers,
soil
activated
sludge.
Understanding
statistical
properties
of
such
diverse
can
pave
way
elucidate
common
mechanisms
...Multiple
ecological
forces
act
together
shape
composition
microbial
communities.
Phyloecology
approaches—which
combine
phylogenetic
relationships
between
species
with
community
ecology—have
potential
disentangle
but
often
...