Revered and Reviled: The Plight of the Vanishing Sea Cucumbers

Annual Review of Marine Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1), С. 115 - 142

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Sea cucumbers paradoxically suffer from being both highly prized and commonly disregarded. As an Asian medicine delicacy, they command fabulous prices are thus overfished, poached, trafficked. noncharismatic animals, many understudied inadequately protected. Despite presenting a rich diversity of life histories, members this broad taxonomic group (class Holothuroidea) often managed simply as “sea cucumbers” in fisheries worldwide. One cannot imagine fishes Pisces) given the same universal treatment. Yet may happen for species sea cucumber that differ on fundamental level tilapia tuna. more reach endangered status wild populations become depleted to point collapse, critical questions arise about relevance established conservation governance strategies. This article reviews main threats faced by exploited cucumbers, outlines effectiveness, identifies gaps knowledge, explores management research perspectives context climate change booming crime. We stress perilous state harvested globally urgent need action.

Язык: Английский

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A framework for advancing the science of environmental justice along the international wildlife trade pathway

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

The international wildlife trade can be a significant driver of biodiversity loss, as well facilitator zoonotic disease transmission with pandemic potential. Environmental justice has never been more relevant to the it is today. Yet, environmental not sufficiently mainstreamed into conservation science, nor practice. Here, we propose framework for advancing transdisciplinary science in context. organized via three interrelated domains: a) social justice, b) species c) ecological justice. Each these domains described terms questions that are intended foster translation and should tailored cultural historical contexts. It our hope stirs open, transparent, mutually respectful discussions about between researchers, practitioners, vast array stakeholders.

Язык: Английский

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Integrating criminology, criminal justice, and crime science in conservation science and practice

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract It has been argued that the integration of social sciences is crucial in understanding human dimensions conservation. Because conservation can include violation law and policies, criminology, criminal justice, crime science may prove useful for broader community by providing insight into factors influence behavior, how justice system functions, occurs be prevented. Fortunately, criminologists, scholars, scientists are increasingly conducting conceptual empirical research on conservation‐related topics. We devised a theory change demonstrates these fields integrated along with other sciences, enabling conditions foster practice.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence of illegal fishing of Octopus maya in the Campeche Bank, Southern Gulf of Mexico

Marine Policy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 179, С. 106767 - 106767

Опубликована: Май 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Predicting timber theft based on environmental features – Insights from Humboldt Redwoods State Park, US

Forest Policy and Economics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 148, С. 102904 - 102904

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Sea cucumbers: an emerging system in evo-devo

EvoDevo, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2024

A challenge for evolutionary developmental (evo-devo) biology is to expand the breadth of research organisms used investigate how animal diversity has evolved through changes in embryonic development. New experimental systems should couple a relevant phylogenetic position with available molecular tools and genomic resources. As phylum sister group chordates, echinoderms extensively contributed our knowledge patterning, organ development cell-type evolution. Echinoderms display variety larval forms diverse shapes, making them suitable compare evolution strategies. However, because laboratory accessibility already techniques, most studies focus on sea urchins stars mainly. comparative approach, field would benefit from including information other members this group, like cucumbers (holothuroids), which little known basis their Here, we review spawning culture methods, morphological information, current state transcriptomic resources cucumbers. With goal system accessible broader community, discuss cucumber embryos larvae can be powerful address open questions evo-devo, understanding origins bilaterian structures.

Язык: Английский

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Women and urban wildmeat trafficking in the Republic of Congo

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 293, С. 110587 - 110587

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Learning from perpetrator replacement to remove crime opportunities and prevent poaching of the Sundarbans tiger

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(2)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022

Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) is one of the leading causes decline in high-value species. Crime-reduction strategies to counter IWT can have unintended effects, with crime displacement occurring when offenders react such interventions. Despite value understanding how and why occurs for informing conservation strategies, few examples are published. We explored a case perpetrator replacement following an intervention drew lessons Poaching subsequent threaten Sundarbans tiger (Panthera tigris). Pirate gangs were dominant poachers from 1980 2017, but extensive campaign, was declared pirate free 2018. interviewed 280 individuals, including 100 poachers, 26 administrative unions bordering used interviewee responses compare poaching situation during after era. analyzed spatial distribution among script analysis poacher type identify intervention. Because pirates opportunistically poached tigers, government's successful counter-pirate campaign inadvertently removed type. However, temporary reduction rapidly cancelled out by emergence at least 32 specialist tiger-poaching teams. With risk extortion robbery gone, other groups increased frequency opportunistic targeted poaching. Based on expert interviews, we estimated that 341 all types active throughout unions, 79% specialists concentrated 27% unions. The highly focused reduced motivations opportunities piracy left intact opportunity structure connections poaching, insufficient enforcement officers trading has flourished. Interventions targeting include heightened surveillance reporting mechanisms alternative livelihood provision disincentivize poaching.Aprendizaje partir de la sustitución del infractor para eliminar las oportunidades crimen y prevenir caza furtiva tigre Resumen El mercado ilegal fauna (MIF) es una principales causas declinación especies importantes. Las estrategias reducción crímenes contrarrestar el MIF pueden tener efectos no deseados, como desplazamiento que ocurre cuando los infractores reaccionan dichas intervenciones. A pesar lo valioso conservación entender cómo por qué este desplazamiento, se publican pocos ejemplos. Exploramos un caso después intervención sacamos lecciones La subsecuente son amenaza Los piratas fueron cazadores dominantes entre pero campaña exhaustiva, fue declarado libre en Entrevistamos individuos, incluidos furtivos, uniones administrativas rodean al usamos sus respuestas comparar situación durante piratas. Analizamos distribución espacial furtivos análisis escritura criminal tipo dominante cazador identificar Ya eran oportunistas, exitosa gobierno contrarrestarlos eliminó sin saberlo furtiva. Sin embargo, temporal canceló rápidamente con emergencia menos equipos especialistas cacería tigres. riesgo extorsión o robo parte piratas, otros grupos incrementaron frecuencia oportunista focalizada. Con base entrevistas expertos, estimamos tigres todos tipos están activos uniones, concentrados uniones. focalizada anti-piratas redujo motivaciones piratería, afectó estructura conexiones mercantiles tigres, cual, sumado falta suficientes agentes policiales, ha aumentado mercado. intervenciones enfocadas incluyen mayor vigilancia mecanismos reporte suministro sustentos alternativos desalentar furtiva.非法野生动物贸易(Illegal trade, IWT)是具有高经济价值的物种数量减少的主要原因之一。打击IWT的策略可能会产生未预期的影响, 如罪犯对干预措施做出反应并发生犯罪转移。尽管了解犯罪转移发生的方式和原因对制定保护策略很有价值, 但文献中的例子很少。在此, 我们描述了一个干预后的犯罪转移的案例, 以为高价值物种的保护策略提供借鉴。偷猎使孟加拉虎(Panthera tigris tigris)濒临灭绝。从1980年到2017年, 海盗团伙是偷猎的主要形式, 但经过一次大规模的打击运动, 孙德尔本尔斯在2018年宣布“海盗清零”。我们采访了与老虎交易有关的280人, 其中包括来自孙德尔本斯边境26个镇的100名老虎偷猎者, 并使用受访者的回答来比较海盗时代(1980-2018年)期间和之后的偷猎情况。此外, 我们还分析了老虎盗猎者的空间分布, 并利用主要盗猎者类型的犯罪脚本分析来识别干预。孟加拉国政府成功的反海盗运动清除了孙德尔本斯地区主要的老虎偷猎者。然而, 偷猎行为的暂时减少很快被至少32个专业老虎偷猎队的出现所抵消。随着海盗勒索和抢劫的风险消失, 其他组织对老虎进行有针对性的偷猎的频率增加了。根据专家的共识, 我们估计有341名各种类型的老虎盗猎者活跃在孙德尔本尔斯地区, 其中79%的专业偷猎者集中在27%的镇上。高度集中的反海盗行动减少了海盗活动的动机和机会, 但完整保留了老虎偷猎的机会结构和贸易联系, 在执法人员不足的情况下, 老虎贸易蓬勃发展。最后, 我们描述了针对专业老虎偷猎者的十项干预措施。.

Язык: Английский

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Advancing Applied Research in Conservation Criminology Through the Evaluation of Corruption Prevention, Enhancing Compliance, and Reducing Recidivism

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2021

Concomitant with an increase in the global illegal wildlife trade has been a substantial research within traditional conservation-based sciences and conservation green criminology. While integration of criminological theories methods into context advanced our understanding practical responses to trade, there remain discrepancies between number empirical vs. conceptual studies disproportionate focus on few select theories, geographical contexts, taxonomic groups. We present three understudied or novel applications criminology criminal justice fields fisheries, forestry, conservation. First, we highlight application corruption prevention combating trade. Corruption increasingly getting attention from non-governmental sector; however, limited aimed at institutional opportunity structures, local conceptualizations corruption, corresponding strategies contexts. Second, discuss pre-emptive compliance when designing monitoring Community-Based Conservation (CBC) programs such as community non-timber forest products, patrol programs. Applying theory social development are two suggestions improve effectiveness CBCs forestry beyond. Finally, discussion recidivism (i.e., repeat offending) non-instrumental responses, utilizing fishing case study. alternative forms punishment: restorative community-based approaches. Lastly, will diversity priority agendas each these topics.

Язык: Английский

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Understanding Wildlife Crime from Eco-Existential and African Perspectives: A Psycho-Philosophical Investigation

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 18(21), С. 11675 - 11675

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2021

Wildlife crime has huge consequences regarding global environmental changes to animals, plants and the entire ecosystem. Combatting wildlife effectively requires a deep understanding of human-wildlife interactions an analysis influencing factors. Conservation green criminology are important in reducing crime, protecting ecosystem informing policy-makers about best practices strategies. However, past years have shown that is not easy combat it argued this article there underlying existential "givens" culture-specific aspects need be investigated understand why still on rise. This theoretical explores (eco-)existential perspectives, Greening's four givens selected African philosophical concepts, aiming complexities behind prevalence within contexts.

Язык: Английский

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