Mammal responses to global changes in human activity vary by trophic group and landscape

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(5), С. 924 - 935

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Abstract Wildlife must adapt to human presence survive in the Anthropocene, so it is critical understand species responses humans different contexts. We used camera trapping as a lens view mammal changes activity during COVID-19 pandemic. Across 163 sampled 102 projects around world, amount and timing of animal varied widely. Under higher activity, mammals were less active undeveloped areas but unexpectedly more developed while exhibiting greater nocturnality. Carnivores most sensitive, showing strongest decreases greatest increases managers consider how habituation uneven sensitivity across may cause fundamental differences human–wildlife interactions along gradients influence.

Язык: Английский

---

Landscape-scale benefits of protected areas for tropical biodiversity

Nature, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 620(7975), С. 807 - 812

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Assessing ecological conservation redline from element, structure, and function dimensions: A case of Zhejiang Province, China

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 106, С. 107485 - 107485

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Response of wildlife communities to human activities in the distribution area of the North China Leopard

Global Ecology and Conservation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51, С. e02872 - e02872

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Currently, human activities are among the most important factors affecting distribution of wildlife, and conservationists around world working to uncover true impact on wildlife. With rapid disappearance tigers wolves in North China recent decades, leopards have become only top predators. However, responses including leopards, leopard areas remain unknown. This study systematically quantified disturbance village distance as gradient variables measure intensity activities, community threshold analysis was used analyze response wildlife communities area. The results showed that had effects community. There were different thresholds for 19 species, activities. findings show reasonable control activity according (0.14 times/day) may be beneficial result will help clarify role umbrella species conservation. ecological can provide reliable development scientific management policies

Язык: Английский

---

Camera trapping in ecology: A new section for wildlife research

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Ecological research is undergoing a substantial transformation. Camera trapping—"capturing" photograph remotely, allowing observation of wildlife separately from the observer—has been around for over century. However, it emerged as substantive mode sampling occurrence only about three decades ago (Kucera & Barrett, 2011; O'Connell et al., 2011) and now rapidly improving innovating, changing face ecology (Burton 2015). With repeated made possible across space time, limited by logistics resources, observations can be gathered analyzed at unprecedented spatial temporal scales. engineering relatively inexpensive camera models that do not require costly support systems (such those needed satellite telemetry), traps also serve to democratize research. trapping has consequently spread global south developing countries (Agha 2018; Cremonesi 2021; Galindo-Aguilar 2022). Many private citizens run their own traps; networking these citizen scientists have yielded great insights will continue so (McShea 2016). are being employed Indigenous peoples ask questions on traditional territories (Artelle Fisher 2021), an important step towards meeting principles United Nations Declaration Rights Peoples (Gilbert, 2007). Camera-trap spans ecological hierarchy, with applications animal behavior (Caravaggi 2017, 2020) such diel activity (Frey 2017; Rowcliffe 2014), populations (Bischof 2020; Gardner 2010), species' distributions (Rich Tobler 2015), communities (Ahumada Wittische 2021). adequate inferential logic analysis, more complex processes species interactions discerned (Beirne Clare 2016; Niedballa 2019). The field rich planting seeds new ideas. In fact, though largely used mammals, expanding taxonomically include vegetation (Seyednasrollah 2019; Sun herptiles (Moore Welbourne 2020), avifauna (Jachowski 2015; Murphy 2018). Software advanced in-step hardware. Converting images numerical data easier custom software, much open-source (Greenberg Young Processes automatic identification developed greatly speed up image classification process "big data" (Duggan Shepley Conceptual advances, frameworks understanding how detections sample underlying processes, paving way sophisticated (Glover-Kapfer Hofmeester Tremendous discoveries lay in future. Networking arrays different landscapes—even globally, similar weather networks (Steenweg 2017)—will allow macroecological scale never before (Chen 2022; Magle Rich 2017). Notwithstanding, await small focal studies too—these foundations inference. We endeavors Ecology Evolution's section Trapping Ecology. journal's mandate author-friendly, without gatekeeping assessments importance barrier, makes us place welcomes both small-scale autecological large-scale syntheses. This philosophy help authors work read scientific community—we believe this Section goal. first volume featured its camera-trapping study (Fisher 2011), paper desk-rejected several other journals "interesting but improbable" among fare. Editorial team gave chance, 100 citations later, continues stimulate debate (Stuber Fontaine, Since then, we published s camera-trap studies. eagerly anticipating many papers dedicated Section, Evolution plans forefront proliferation research, platform thought debate. Jason Thomas Fisher: Conceptualization (equal); writing – original draft (equal). None. No available.

Язык: Английский

---

Mammalian predator and prey responses to recreation and land use across multiple scales provide limited support for the human shield hypothesis

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(9)

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Outdoor recreation is widespread, with uncertain effects on wildlife. The human shield hypothesis (HSH) suggests that could have differential predators and prey, predator avoidance of humans creating a spatial refuge 'shielding' prey from people. generality the HSH remains to be tested across larger scales, wherein shielding may prove generalizable, or diminish variability in ecological contexts. We combined data 446 camera traps 79,279 sampling days 10 landscapes spanning 15,840 km

Язык: Английский

---

Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2022

Abstract Protected areas are important in species conservation, but high rates of human-caused mortality outside their borders and increasing popularity for recreation can negatively affect wildlife populations. We quantified wolverine ( Gulo gulo ) population trends from 2011 to 2020 > 14,000 km 2 protected non-protected habitat southwestern Canada. conducted multi-species surveys using non-invasive DNA remote camera-based methods. developed Bayesian integrated models combining spatial capture-recapture data marked unmarked individuals with occupancy data. Wolverine density declined by 39%, an annual growth rate 0.925. Density within was 3 times higher than between (3.6 wolverines/1000 (2.1 ). detection probability increased snow cover decreased near development. Detection also human recreational activity. The harvest ≥ 13% above the maximum sustainable rate. conclude that humans affected through direct mortality, sub-lethal effects impacts. Our study exemplifies need monitor at risk—within areas—as steep declines occur unnoticed if key conservation concerns not identified addressed.

Язык: Английский

---

Don’t stop it now: functional and structural habitat connectivity assessment suggests further expansion in Southern Europe for the Eurasian beaver

Landscape Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 39(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2024

Abstract Context After being close to extinction, the Eurasian beaver ( Castor fiber ) is now recovering throughout Europe. The a keystone species, and an ecosystem engineer, capable of modifying ecosystems at multiple levels. In last years, species reappeared in Italy due natural recolonization illegal reintroductions, while Spain, after confined Ebro basin, has been recently reported border with Portugal. Objectives this study, we evaluated both functional structural connectivity for Iberian Peninsulas, deepen understanding its expansion process, prioritize barriers that occur areas where reported, could limit expansion. Methods We generated resistance layers each study area, based on key variables target species. Circuit theory was applied evaluate connectivity, summarizing it basin protected (PAs) level. different fluvial indices characterize, at-reach-scale, identify within hydrographic network. Results areas, there are several corridors mainly linked rivers high tree cover flat like valleys Apennines Cantabrian mountain systems. Despite distances extant barriers, occurrences Central Spain respectively well-connected. general, network, only few impede Peninsula more impacted, especially Douro basin. contribute fragmentation, northern area considering Population Connectivity Indices; however, found areas. Conclusions recent return Italy, Peninsula, continue near future, fair habitat adaptability Although impacted by man-made dams, specific set possibly limits beavers’ current PAs arrangement does not protect important some them dams.

Язык: Английский

---

Accelerated human-induced extinction crisis in the world's freshwater mammals

Global Environmental Change Advances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2, С. 100006 - 100006

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024

Human activities have significantly impacted natural habitats and wildlife worldwide, particularly emphasizing repercussions for freshwater associated species. These negative impacts on fish are well known, but mammal species that regularly use dependend systems, there is an incomplete understanding. Here, we assessed the status of semi-aquatic inhabiting dependent ecosystems (hereafter referred to as mammals) evaluated impact human richness both globally by biogeographical regions. We used structural equation modeling simultaneous autoregressive models assess direct indirect effects seven anthropogenic-related variables overall richness. Specifically, examined anthropogenic disturbance threatened non-threatened species, with decreasing stable/increasing populations. Forty-three percent all classified IUCN Red List, 50% experiencing population declines. Furthermore, 48% affected domestic or international trade, while 75% face threats from geographically expanding activities. Aridity, pesticide pollution, footprint, croplands had strongest In contrast, coverage (FWs), Indigenous Peoples' lands (IPLs), protected areas (PAs) helped sustain globally, even stronger positive effect at individual conclude FWs, IPLs, PAs play a critical role in conservation helping safeguard these extinction, however, seldom focal point management strategies. The ongoing adverse present potentially catastrophic irreversible threat global environments including humans, reliant upon them. strongly advocate implementation more robust national policy frameworks endorse alternative sustainable livelihoods. Such can crucial alleviating pressures, thereby aiding mitigation extinction risk faced vital world's

Язык: Английский

---

How climate change and population growth will shape attendance and human-wildlife interactions at British Columbia parks

Journal of Sustainable Tourism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Protected areas are important for ecological conservation while simultaneously supporting culturally and economically valuable tourism. However, excessive visitor pressure strain operations risk human-wildlife conflict, threatening the sustainability of nature-based Thus, park managers need to know what factors underpin attendance how these might interact shape future attendance. Using a decade records from 249 provincial parks in British Columbia (BC), Canada, as well 12 years interactions (HWI) at five national BC, we modelled impacts weather conditions population growth on HWIs. We paired models with climate change scenarios generate projections HWIs will throughout century. Climate is projected result more precipitation higher temperatures, and, over this same time span, BC's expected grow substantially. Based observed relationship between weather, should anticipate marked rise visitors HWIs, especially during their respective peak seasons. These provide information required proactive management, ultimately contributing recreation tourism protected areas.

Язык: Английский

---