Urban green space use during a time of stress: A case study during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Brisbane, Australia

People and Nature, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(3), С. 597 - 609

Опубликована: Май 26, 2021

Abstract Spending time in nature is one potential way to cope with the negative physical and psychological health impacts from major stressful life events. In 2020, a large fraction of global population was impacted by restrictions contain spread COVID‐19 outbreak, period characterised marked risks behavioural changes. Here we explore whether people responded this stressor spending more investigate reasons for any We surveyed 1,002 Brisbane, Australia measure change use green space during benefits associated visiting them. About 36% participants increased their urban use, but 26% reduced it, indicating great deal flux. Furthermore, 45% previous non‐users began using it first period. Older were less likely increase those backyard spaces. Participants' occurred regardless amount available close proximity households. addition, did not find relationship between nature‐relatedness use. People's shifted pandemic‐related period, many emphasising improvement personal well‐being rather than consolidating community capital. Most indicated an importance obtained conclude that moments stress such as pandemic has ameliorate some effects stressor, capacity desire spend varies markedly across society. Sufficient provision all sections society will maximise opportunity employ nature‐based coping mechanism times or stress.

Язык: Английский

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Global forest fragmentation change from 2000 to 2020

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июль 11, 2023

Abstract A comprehensive quantification of global forest fragmentation is urgently required to guide protection, restoration and reforestation policies. Previous efforts focused on the static distribution patterns remnants, potentially neglecting dynamic changes in landscapes. Here, we map fragments their temporal between 2000 2020. We find that landscapes tropics were relatively intact, yet these areas experienced most severe over past two decades. In contrast, 75.1% world’s forests a decrease fragmentation, fragmented temperate subtropical regions, mainly northern Eurasia South China, declined also identify eight modes indicate different recovery or degradation states. Our findings underscore need curb deforestation increase connectivity among fragments, especially tropical areas.

Язык: Английский

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Drivers of global mangrove loss and gain in social-ecological systems

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2022

Abstract Mangrove forests store high amounts of carbon, protect communities from storms, and support fisheries. Mangroves exist in complex social-ecological systems, hence identifying socioeconomic conditions associated with decreasing losses increasing gains remains challenging albeit important. The impact national governance conservation policies on mangrove at the landscape-scale has not been assessed to date, nor have interactions local economic pressures biophysical drivers. Here, we assess relationship between variables change across coastal geomorphic units worldwide 1996 2016. Globally, find that drivers loss can also be gain, changed over 20 years. association growth appears reversed, shifting negatively impacting mangroves first decade enabling expansion second decade. Importantly, community forestry is promoting expansion, whereas conversion agriculture aquaculture, often occurring protected areas, results loss. Sustainable development, forestry, co-management areas are promising strategies reverse losses, capacity human-livelihoods combat climate change.

Язык: Английский

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The last continuous grasslands on Earth: Identification and conservation importance

Conservation Science and Practice, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Abstract Grasslands are the most threatened and least protected biome. Yet, no study has been conducted to identify last remaining continuous grasslands on Earth. Here, we used World Wildlife Fund (WWF) International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifications measure degree intactness world's grassland ecoregions. This analysis revealed three findings critical conservation importance. First, only a few large, intact remain. Second, every continent with ecoregion considered in this contains at one relatively ecoregion. Third, largest identified have persisted despite centuries anthropogenic pressures best chance withstand 21st century global change. We discuss how these regions importance efforts under anthropogenically driven They provide essential ecosystem services, play an important role mitigating effects climate change, serve as repositories biodiversity, foundational continental migration pathways, hold unique cultural heritage, people's livelihoods depend upon their persistence.

Язык: Английский

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Mega‐disturbances cause rapid decline of mature conifer forest habitat in California

Ecological Applications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 33(2)

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2022

Abstract Mature forests provide important wildlife habitat and support critical ecosystem functions globally. Within the dry conifer of western United States, past management fire exclusion have contributed to forest conditions that are susceptible increasingly severe wildfire drought. We evaluated declines in cover southern Sierra Nevada California during a decade record disturbance by using spatially comprehensive structure estimates, perimeter data, eDaRT tracking algorithm. Primarily due combination wildfires, drought, drought‐associated beetle epidemics, 30% region's extent transitioned nonforest vegetation 2011–2020. In total, 50% mature 85% high density either lower or types. spotted owl protected activity centers (PAC) experienced greater canopy decline (49% 2011 cover) than non‐PAC areas (42% decline). Areas with initial without tall trees were most vulnerable declines, likely explaining disproportionate within PACs. Drought attack caused cumulative where drought mortality overlapped, both types natural far outpaced attributable mechanical activities. disproportionately affects large conifers is particularly problematic specialist species reliant on trees. However, patches degraded perimeters larger core area those outside burned areas, remnant habitats more fragmented affected alone. The percentage survived potentially benefited from severity increased over time as total declined. These some opportunity for improved resilience future disturbances, but strategic interventions also necessary mitigate worsening mega‐disturbances. Remaining may be complete loss coming decades rapid transition conservation paradigm attempts maintain static one manages sustainable dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Linking urban park cool island effects to the landscape patterns inside and outside the park: A simultaneous equation modeling approach

Landscape and Urban Planning, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 232, С. 104681 - 104681

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Prioritizing India’s landscapes for biodiversity, ecosystem services and human well-being

Nature Sustainability, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(5), С. 568 - 577

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Climate change disrupts core habitats of marine species

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(12), С. 3304 - 3317

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023

Driven by climate change, marine biodiversity is undergoing a phase of rapid change that has proven to be even faster than changes observed in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding how these species composition will affect future life crucial for conservation management, especially due increasing demands natural resources. Here, we analyse predictions multiparameter habitat suitability model covering the global projected ranges >33,500 from projections under three CO2 emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) up year 2100. Our results show core area decline many species, resulting net loss 50% almost half all 2100 high-emission scenario RCP8.5. As an additional consequence continuing distributional reorganization life, gaps around equator appear 8% (RCP2.6), 24% (RCP4.5), and 88% (RCP8.5) with cross-equatorial ranges. For more continuous disrupted, thus reducing effective population size. In addition, high invasion rates higher latitudes polar regions lead substantial ecosystem food web structure, particularly regarding introduction new predators. Overall, our study highlights degree spatial structural ensued consequences functionality efforts critically depend on realized greenhouse gas pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Joint environmental and social benefits from diversified agriculture

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 384(6691), С. 87 - 93

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Agricultural simplification continues to expand at the expense of more diverse forms agriculture. This simplification, for example, in form intensively managed monocultures, poses a risk keeping world within safe and just Earth system boundaries. Here, we estimated how agricultural diversification simultaneously affects social environmental outcomes. Drawing from 24 studies 11 countries across 2655 farms, show five strategies focusing on livestock, crops, soils, noncrop plantings, water conservation benefit (e.g., human well-being, yields, food security) biodiversity, ecosystem services, reduced externalities) We found that applying multiple creates positive outcomes than individual management alone. To realize these benefits, well-designed policies are needed incentivize adoption unison.

Язык: Английский

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Spillover effects of organic agriculture on pesticide use on nearby fields

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 383(6689)

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

The environmental impacts of organic agriculture are only partially understood and whether such practices have spillover effects on pests or pest control activity in nearby fields remains unknown. Using about 14,000 field observations per year from 2013 to 2019 Kern County, California, we postulate that crop producers benefit surrounding decreasing overall pesticide use and, specifically, pesticides targeting insect pests. Conventional fields, by contrast, tend increase as the area production increases. Our simulation suggests spatially clustering cropland can entirely mitigate lead an net use.

Язык: Английский

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