Symbiont Acquisition and Replacement as a Source of Ecological Innovation

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 25(5), С. 375 - 390

Опубликована: Март 21, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Tick-Bacteria Mutualism Depends on B Vitamin Synthesis Pathways

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 28(12), С. 1896 - 1902.e5

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The gut microbiota of insecticide-resistant insects houses insecticide-degrading bacteria: A potential source for biotechnological exploitation

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 12(3), С. e0174754 - e0174754

Опубликована: Март 30, 2017

The exploration of new niches for microorganisms capable degrading recalcitrant molecules is still required. We hypothesized the gut microbiota associated with insect-resistant lines carry pesticide bacteria, and predicted they bacteria selected to degrade pesticides were resistant to. isolated accessed pesticide-degrading capacity from fifth instars Spodoptera frugiperda strains lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, chlorpyrifos ethyl, spinosad lufenuron, using insecticide-selective media. Sixteen isolates belonging 10 phylotypes obtained, which four also susceptible strain. However, growth larvae strain was not obtained in any insecticide-based selective media tested. Growth affected by concentration insecticides media, all grew well up 40 μg/ml. insecticide-degrading assessed GC or LC-MS/MS analyses. In conclusion, S. are an excellent reservoir bioremediation potential. Moreover, gut-associated subjected selection pressure imposed on their hosts may influence metabolization insects.

Язык: Английский

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Effector-mediated plant–virus–vector interactions

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(5), С. 1514 - 1531

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2022

Hemipterans (such as aphids, whiteflies, and leafhoppers) are some of the most devastating insect pests due to numerous plant pathogens they transmit vectors, which primarily viral. Over past decade, tremendous progress has been made in broadening our understanding plant-virus-vector interactions, yet on molecular level, viruses vectors have typically studied isolation each other until recently. From that work, it is clear both hemipteran use effectors manipulate host physiology successfully colonize a co-evolutionary dynamics resulted effective immune responses, well diverse mechanisms counterattack by challengers. In this review, we focus advances effector-mediated interactions underlying mechanisms. We propose synergisms vector-virus occur cases where virus vector benefit from interaction (mutualism). To support view, show mutualisms common virus-vector target conserved immunity, including transcription factors, protein degradation pathways. Finally, outline ways identify true effector future research directions concerning roles play interactions.

Язык: Английский

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The natural occurrence of secondary bacterial symbionts in aphids

Ecological Entomology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 41(1), С. 13 - 26

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2015

1. Many insects host secondary bacterial symbionts that are known to have wide‐ranging effects on their hosts, from host‐plant use resistance against natural enemies. This has been most widely studied in aphids, which become a model system study insect–bacteria interactions. 2. While there is an increasing understanding of the role aphids controlled laboratory studies, we only beginning explore impact hosting these eco‐evolutionary dynamics systems. To date, many research groups identified various aphid species, providing us with bank literature aphid–symbiont associations populations. 3. The discussed, and taxonomic geographical distribution among summarised, potential reasons for patterns observed. need test multiple symbiont species (and co‐infections) across individuals whole range highlighted, including sampling all species. 4. It further important also consider variation within symbiont, aphid‐host surrounding community, e.g. host‐plants or enemies, understand how mediate 5. Finally, knowledge gained experimental work should now be used field systems, fully potentially far‐reaching consequences endosymbionts community ecosystem processes.

Язык: Английский

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A facultative endosymbiont in aphids can provide diverse ecological benefits

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 28(10), С. 1753 - 1760

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2015

Abstract Ecologically important traits of insects are often affected by facultative bacterial endosymbionts. This is best studied in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum , which frequently infected one or more eight symbiont species. Many these species have been shown to provide ecological benefit, but we little understanding range effects that a single strain can have. Here, describe phenotypes conferred three strains recently discovered bacterium known as X‐type (Enterobacteriaceae), each their original genotype also carries Spiroplasma symbiont. All comparisons made between aphids coinfected with and same harbour only . We show all cases, infection protects from lethal fungal pathogen Pandora neoaphidis two resistance parasitoid Aphidius ervi increases. additionally affect stress responses – presence increased reproduction after were heat‐stressed. Two able benefits. Under benign conditions, tended suffer reduced fecundity when harbouring X‐type, mechanism might maintain intermediate frequencies field populations. These findings highlight endosymbiont has potential diverse benefits its host.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Symbiotic Microbes in Insect Invasions

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 47(1), С. 487 - 505

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2016

The number of insect species transported to non-native regions is increasing, and, once established, these invasive insects have serious impacts on the environment and regional economies. Recent research highlights several cases invasions facilitated by symbiotic microbes. Symbioses impact biological invasions, but few reviews addressed role microbes in invasions. Focusing insect–microbial symbiosis, we show importance microbial symbionts determining pest status at levels, insect–plant–microbial other multispecific levels. Drawing examples from different ecosystems, review key mechanisms principles whereby facultative/mutualistic affect coevolve with insects. We propose a conceptual framework for assessing that promises improved risk analyses, spread modeling, management

Язык: Английский

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Buchnera has changed flatmate but the repeated replacement of co‐obligate symbionts is not associated with the ecological expansions of their aphid hosts

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 26(8), С. 2363 - 2378

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2016

Symbiotic associations with bacteria have facilitated important evolutionary transitions in insects and resulted long-term obligate interactions. Recent evidence suggests that these are not always evolutionarily stable symbiont replacement, and/or supplementation of an symbiosis by additional bacterium, has occurred during the history many insect groups. Yet, factors favouring one over another this dynamic well understood; progress been hindered our incomplete understanding distribution symbionts across phylogenetic ecological contexts. While aphids engaged into a single Gammaproteobacterium, Buchnera aphidicola, species Lachninae subfamily, relationship evolved 'ménage à trois', which is complemented cosymbiont, usually Serratia symbiotica. Using deep sequencing 16S rRNA bacterial genes from 128 Cinara (the most diverse genus), we reveal highly dual symbiotic system aphid lineage. Most host both but, several clades, endosymbionts related to Sodalis, Erwinia or unnamed member Enterobacteriaceae replaced Serratia. Endosymbiont genome sequences four confirm coresident fulfil essential metabolic functions ensured Buchnera. We further demonstrate through comparative analyses cosymbiont replacement associated adaptation new conditions. propose succession was driven intrinsic phenomenon endosymbiosis, such as rapid deterioration competitive interactions between similar capabilities.

Язык: Английский

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Culture of an aphid heritable symbiont demonstrates its direct role in defence against parasitoids

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 284(1866), С. 20171925 - 20171925

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2017

Heritable symbionts are common in insects with many contributing to host defence. Hamiltonella defensa is a facultative, bacterial symbiont of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum that provides protection against endoparasitoid wasp Aphidius ervi Protection levels vary among strains H. differentially infected by bacteriophages named APSEs. By contrast, little known about mechanism(s) resistance owing intractability host-restricted microbes for functional study. Here, we developed methods culturing varied presence and type APSE. Most proliferated at 27°C co-cultures TN5 cell line or as pure cultures no insect cells. The strain APSE3, which high vivo, produced soluble factor(s) disabled development A. embryos independent any aphid factors. Experimental transfer APSE3 also conferred ability disable phage-free Altogether, these results provide critical foundation characterizing symbiont-derived involved other functions. Our demonstrate phage-mediated traits mechanism innovation restricted symbionts.

Язык: Английский

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Parallel Evolution in the Integration of a Co-obligate Aphid Symbiosis

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(10), С. 1949 - 1957.e6

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2020

•Aphids have independently evolved dependence on Serratia symbiotica at least 4 times•The integration of the new co-obligate symbiont proceeds in a predictable manner•Loss riboflavin and peptidoglycan pathways Buchnera leads to co-dependence•Amino acid synthesis is taken over by second phase complementarity Insects evolve dependence—often extreme—on microbes for nutrition. This includes cases which insects harbor multiple endosymbionts that function collectively as metabolic unit [1McCutcheon J.P. McDonald B.R. Moran N.A. Convergent evolution roles bacterial co-symbionts insects.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2009; 106: 15394-15399Crossref PubMed Scopus (232) Google Scholar, 2McCutcheon von Dohlen C.D. An interdependent patchwork nested symbiosis mealybugs.Curr. Biol. 2011; 21: 1366-1372Abstract Full Text PDF (217) 3Takiya D.M. Tran P.L. Dietrich C.H. Co-cladogenesis spanning three phyla: leafhoppers (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) their dual symbionts.Mol. Ecol. 2006; 15: 4175-4191Crossref (130) 4Wu D. Daugherty S.C. Van Aken S.E. Pai G.H. Watkins K.L. Khouri H. Tallon L.J. Zaborsky J.M. Dunbar H.E. et al.Metabolic genomics sharpshooters.PLoS 4: e188Crossref (309) 5Rao Q. Rollat-Farnier P.A. Zhu D.T. Santos-Garcia Silva F.J. Moya A. Latorre Klein C.C. Vavre F. Sagot M.F. al.Genome reduction potential complementation whitefly Bemisia tabaci.BMC Genomics. 2015; 16: 226Crossref (57) Scholar]. How do these dependences originate [6Douglas A.E. multi-partner endosymbioses function.Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2016; 14: 731-743Crossref (66) Scholar], there sequence events leading symbionts? While symbioses, hosts rely nutrient-provisioning symbionts, numerous times across sap-feeding insects, only one known case aphids, involving aphidicola Lachninae subfamily [7Pérez-Brocal V. Gil R. Ramos S. Lamelas Postigo M. Michelena A small microbial genome: end long symbiotic relationship?.Science. 314: 312-313Crossref (257) 8Lamelas Pérez-Brocal Gómez-Valero L. Gosalbes M.J. Evolution secondary "Candidatus serratia symbiotica" aphid species lachninae.Appl. Environ. 2008; 74: 4236-4240Crossref (60) 9Manzano-Marín Simon J.C. Reinventing wheel making it round again: evolutionary convergence Buchnera-serratia consortia between distantly related aphids Tuberolachnus salignus Cinara cedri.Genome Evol. 8: 1440-1458Crossref (40) Here, we identify additional independent transitions same different aphids. Comparing recent ancient associations allow us investigate intermediate stages anatomical Serratia. We find uniquely replicated support idea initiate manner—through parallel processes. Specifically, show how repeated losses lead then provide evidence stepwise process integration, whereby evolves first. Then, essential amino are lost (at ∼30–60 mya), coincides with increased companion symbiont. Finally, demonstrate can ahead specialized structures (e.g., bacteriocytes), no direct nutritional basis. More generally, our results suggest energetic costs synthesizing nutrients may unified explanation gene occur during symbiosis. Sap-feeding provided elegant studies organisms unit. These include mealybugs depend endosymbionts, turn own cicadas, has fragmented into distinct but lineages What processes drive join symbioses and, more predictable, deterministic genomic The an ideal lineage study early-stage symbioses. majority single obligate symbiont, aphidicola, non-obligate (hereafter referred Serratia, respectively). found frequencies species, transitioned relationship Such functioning marked Buchnera's losing capabilities, namely ability synthesize some tryptophan [10Manzano-Marín Settling down: genome from tujafilina zooms accommodation cooperative intracellular life.Genome 2014; 6: 1683-1698Crossref (47) Our aim was determine whether (1) other co-dependences arisxen (2) ask followed genomic, metabolic, trajectories. patterns insight led structure Using data prevalence 131 [11Henry L.M. Maiden M.C.J. Ferrari J. Godfray H.C.J. Insect life history mutualism.Ecol. Lett. 18: 516-525Crossref (90) identified carry high frequency, tested populations both United Kingdom Netherlands defined having reliance if all individuals within they experience significant fitness when removed. Symbionts not meet criteria "facultative," host survival. screened presence using PCR measured "curing" individual antibiotics selectively removed without affecting Buchnera, counted total offspring lifetime fecundity absence ubiquitous seven (Table S1), representing Microlophium carnosum, Aphis urticata, Periphyllus genus. In genus, consistently present five surveyed, confirmed via curing P. hirticornis lyropictus. transition origins genus (see below). Curing had most dramatic effect potentially reflecting longer-term association (Figure 1A). antibiotic treatments control Acyrthosiphon pisum, harbors facultative uninfected Macrosiphoniella artemisiae (Figures 1A S1; Data S1A). Likewise, qPCR treatment reduced density 1B; S1B), did reduce 1C; S1B). next estimated deep coverage 16S amplicon sequencing field-collected previous First, genus: absent Chaitophorus sister clade (Data S1C). suggests originated divergence 2 genera 63–79 mya S2). Second, (<30 mya) urticata carnosum. either or infection idaei fabae urticata. Lack likewise Macrosiphum euphorbiae asked evolving associated consistent signature specifically Buchnera-Serratia originates manner lineages. obtained whole-genome urticatasymbiont; aphid; co-obligate;Serratia symbiotica;Buchnera aphidicola; dependence; complementation, species. used previously published (Cinara cedri, C. salignus) compare four included here, subfamily. analysis centered genes involved nutrient provisioning S1D). focused experimental being aphid: [14Nakabachi Ishikawa Provision aphid, endosymbiotic bacteria, Buchnera.J. Physiol. 1999; 45: 1-6Crossref (91) Scholar] acids [15Douglas Prosser W.A. Synthesis pea (Acyrthosiphon pisum) symbiosis.J. 1992; 38: 565-568Crossref (172) 16Douglas Sulphate utilization symbiosis.Insect Biochem. 1988; 599-605Crossref (61) 17Febvay G. Liadouze I. Guillaud Bonnot Analysis metabolism pisum: multidimensional approach aphids.Arch. 1995; 29: 45-69Crossref (78) 18Liadouze Febvay Metabolic fate aposymbiotic pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae).Symbiosis. 1996; 115-127Google 19Brinza Viñuelas Cottret Calevro Rahbé Y. Duport Colella Rabatel Gautier al.Systemic primary endosymbiont pisum.C. 332: 1034-1049Crossref (33) 20Wilson A.C.C. Ashton P.D. Charles Jander Kushlan P.F. Macdonald S.J. Schwartz J.F. al.Genomic relations its bacterium aphidicola.Insect Mol. 2010; 19: 249-258Crossref (147) 21Shigenobu Wilson Genomic revelations mutualism: symbiont.Cell. Life 68: 1297-1309Crossref (92) Of particular interest pathway loss this been hypothesized trigger carnosum 3). missing gene, part ribD complex, pathway. contrast, full missing, Previous work also capacity certain cedri T. salignus). similar lineage. pseudogenized, orthologous copies, predicted serve function, retained Conversely, genomes relationships. result advanced stage functional further supported several appear complete surprising, given consistency co-obligately dependent Compared sole (A. Myzus persicae, glycines), six copies None links Table S2 detail). arise system through alternative starting points, including non-nutritional pathways. General features strains hypothesis compared S3). Both size GC content highly clades, suggestive degree degradation. Gene redundancies indicative age associations. still contain number (72.5% 39.2%, lineages, acericola aceris 11.5% redundancy two symbionts. lyropictus, 47.1% overlap. higher lyropictus likely due recently replaced another strain As could nutrition, investigated translation, underlies functions bacteria [22Gil Peretó Determination core minimal set.Microbiol. 2004; 518-537Crossref (402) synthesis, shown be important systems [23Bublitz D.C. Chadwick G.L. Magyar J.S. Sandoz K.M. Brooks Mesnage Ladinsky M.S. Garber A.I. Bjorkman P.J. Orphan V.J. McCutcheon Peptidoglycan Production Insect-Bacterial Mosaic.Cell. 2019; 179: 703-712.e7Abstract (29) precursors chorismate, homoserine, vitamins B5 B9, lipoic acid. B showed riboflavin. However, (B5 Lachninae) where symbionts (B9 pisum), so unclear Genes were conserved S1E). peptidoglycan, however, entirely (Lachninae aphids). cases, genomes. because contributing role addition providing host. murF. pseudogenized glycines, any than Buchnera. Lastly, studied abundance localization look signatures expected greater would correspond integration—for example, formation organ (bacteriome) house To test idea, performed fluorescent situ hybridization (FISH) probes targeting predicted, corresponding 4). extreme case, large containing bacteriocytes abdomens contrast exhibit localized cluster relatively cells (∼4), forming bacteriome surrounded Buchnera-containing bacteriocytes. integrated, sheath surrounding pattern maintains increase takes metabolically demanding role. quantify aphid. line predictions, substantial coincided acids. ratio dramatically 512:1 hirticornis. 3:1 less integrated 1B). Dependence eukaryotes. vast ancient. needed reveal steps observed By comparing strong mechanisms initially binding partners relationships deterministic, manner. trajectories FISH occurring 30 60 million years after evolves. characterized partnerships adopted first repeatedly produce each lost, compensate changes Studies aphid's demand low nutrients, such 24Sasaki Hayashi Growth reproduction maintained artificial diets.J. 1991; 37: 749-756Crossref 25Russell C.W. Poliakov Haribal van Wijk K.J. Douglas Matching supply animal host.Proc. 281: 20141163Crossref explain why modest vitamin easily met even abundance. sub-family, missing. once established, follow

Язык: Английский

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