Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis ALong the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS): Revisiting the Meaning and Significance of the Method

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(3), С. 268 - 290

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

More than 5 years have passed since the Diffusion Tensor Image Analysis ALong Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) method was proposed with intention of evaluating glymphatic system. This is handy due to its noninvasiveness, provision a simple index in straightforward formula, and possibility retrospective analysis. Therefore, ALPS adopted evaluate system for many disorders studies. The purpose this review look back discuss at moment.

Язык: Английский

---

The relationship between inflammation, impaired glymphatic system, and neurodegenerative disorders: A vicious cycle

Neurobiology of Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 192, С. 106426 - 106426

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

The term "glymphatic" emerged roughly a decade ago, marking pivotal point in neuroscience research. glymphatic system, glial-dependent perivascular network distributed throughout the brain, has since become focal of investigation. There is increasing evidence suggesting that impairment system appears to be common feature neurodegenerative disorders, and this exacerbates as disease progression. Nevertheless, factors contributing dysfunction across most disorders remain unclear. Inflammation, however, suspected play role. Dysfunction can lead significant accumulation protein waste products, which trigger inflammation. interaction between inflammation cyclical potentially synergistic. Yet, current research limited, there lack comprehensive models explaining association. In perspective review, we propose novel model inflammation, impaired function, interconnected vicious cycle. By presenting experimental from existing literature, aim demonstrate that: (1) aggravates dysfunction, (2) exacerbated progression, (3) progression promotes Finally, implication proposed discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics: Current techniques and future advancements

NMR in Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 37(9)

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Abstract Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a critical role in metabolic waste clearance from the brain, requiring its circulation throughout various brain pathways, including ventricular system, subarachnoid spaces, para‐arterial interstitial and para‐venous spaces. The complexity of CSF has posed challenge obtaining noninvasive measurements dynamics. assessment dynamics circulatory pathways is possible using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with optimized sensitivity to incoherent water movement across brain. This review presents an overview both established emerging MRI techniques designed measure their potential clinical applications. discussion offers insights into optimization acquisition parameters enhance specificity metrics on underlying Lastly, we emphasize importance cautious interpretations diffusion‐based imaging, especially when differentiating between tissue‐ fluid‐related changes or elucidating structural versus functional alterations.

Язык: Английский

---

Glymphatic system dysfunction in epilepsy related to focal cortical dysplasia and its relationship with antiseizure medication response

Seizure, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 125, С. 31 - 36

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Enlarged perivascular space in the temporal lobe as a prognostic marker in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis

Epilepsia, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2025

Abstract Objective This study was undertaken to investigate the regional burden of enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVSs) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy hippocampal sclerosis (TLE‐HS) and explore its prognostic relevance. Methods In this retrospective observational study, EPVSs (T‐EPVS), centrum semiovale (CS‐EPVS), basal ganglia (BG‐EPVS), midbrain, hippocampus were visually rated 68 treatment‐naïve TLE‐HS. Regional EPVS dichotomized into high low degrees (cutoff: >10 for BG‐EPVS/T‐EPVS; >20 CS‐EPVS). Cox proportional hazards models used determine potential predictors seizure freedom (SF; no >1 year) delayed SF (SF achieved >6 months after initiating antiseizure medication [ASM]). Multivariate logistic regression using stepwise variable selection based on Akaike information criterion performed whether associated medical refractoriness (never achieving SF). Results Of patients, 20 classified refractory group (29.4%). The T‐EPVS had an older onset (37.3 ± 12.3 vs. 26.5 13.0 years, p = .005), higher pretreatment density (median 12.0, interquartile range [IQR] 5.0–20.0 4.0, IQR 2.0–10.5, .008), lower focal bilateral tonic–clonic prevalence (13.3% 73.6%, < .001) than group. High (odds ratio [OR] 10.908, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.895–62.789) independent predictor medial refractoriness, along female sex (OR 12.906, CI 2.214–75.220) ASM treatment duration .985, .971–.999). probability ( Log‐rank .030, .038), whereas comparable between two groups .053, .146). Significance Increased may serve as imaging marker unfavorable prognosis TLE‐HS, underscoring role dysfunction diminished response.

Язык: Английский

---

Association between glymphatic system function and cognitive impairment in elderly patients with late-onset epilepsy

Epilepsy & Behavior, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 164, С. 110258 - 110258

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Assessment of glymphatic function and white matter integrity in children with autism using multi-parametric MRI and machine learning

European Radiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Anti‐seizure medication response and the glymphatic system in patients with focal epilepsy

European Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2023

We aimed to evaluate (i) glymphatic system function in patients with focal epilepsy comparison healthy controls, and (ii) the association between anti-seizure medication (ASM) response by using diffusion tensor image analysis along perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).

Язык: Английский

---

Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in childhood absence epilepsy

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the glymphatic system in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) using diffusion tensor image analysis along paravascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Methods: Forty-two CAE patients and 50 age- gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were included this study. All participants underwent scanning a Siemens 3.0 T magnetic resonance scanner, DTI-ALPS index was calculated. The compared differences of between controls. Additionally, also assessed relationship clinical characteristics such as age, seizure frequency, duration epilepsy. Results lower (1.45 ± 0.36 vs. 1.66 0.30, p &lt; 0.01). showed negative correlation with ( r = −0.48, 0.01) positive age 0.766, patients. However, no significant observed frequency. Conclusion results indicate that children exhibit dysfunction brain, which might contribute understanding pathophysiological mechanism CAE. DTI-ALPS, non-invasive diagnostic marker, can be used assess function patients, providing promising applications diagnosis research

Язык: Английский

---

Developmental mechanisms underlying pediatric epilepsy

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2025

Pediatric epilepsy affects a large proportion of children, with huge variability in seizure onset. Due to complicated etiology, wide range associated comorbidities, and difficulty obtaining clear physiological data from management pediatric patients often poses critical challenge. Importantly, around 30% these remain non-responsive current anti-seizure drugs develop higher risk developmental cognitive delay and, worse situations, premature death. One the key treatment methods currently used for drug-resistant epilepsies is surgical resection epileptic foci. However, such new foci post-surgery. This, turn, enhances need recurrent invasive brain surgeries, impairing overall quality life children. Thus, mechanistic understanding different types discovering more targeted molecular approach(es). For long time, occurrence was considered solely due abnormal functioning single ion channels. recent years, number genetic non-genetic (environmental) factors have been epilepsy. Clinical diagnoses, coupled basic cellular mechanisms using model systems, instrumental unraveling avenues modern non-invasive pharmacological therapies. Yet, field has just started evolve, many challenges contradictory hypotheses still exist. This comprehensive review discusses underlying Specifically, we highlight how PI3K-AKT–MTOR pathway acts as node interconnecting diverse strategies, that may eventually help overcome burden future.

Язык: Английский

---