BMC Evolutionary Biology,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2018
Coalescent
methods
that
use
multi-locus
sequence
data
are
powerful
tools
for
identifying
putatively
reproductively
isolated
lineages,
though
this
approach
has
rarely
been
used
the
study
of
microbial
groups
likely
to
harbor
many
unrecognized
species.
Among
symbionts,
integrating
genetic
species
delimitation
with
trait
could
indicate
reproductive
isolation,
such
as
host
specificity
data,
despite
its
potential
inform
limits.
Here
we
test
ability
an
integrative
combining
and
delimit
within
avian
malaria
parasite
genus
Leucocytozoon
in
central
Alaska.
We
sequenced
seven
nuclear
loci
69
samples
multiple
(GMYC
BPP
models),
tested
differences
infection
patterns
among
putative
based
on
406
individual
infections,
characterized
morphology.
found
cryptic
morphology
masked
a
highly
diverse
assemblage,
most
recovering
support
at
least
21
separate
occur
sympatrically
have
divergent
patterns.
Reproductive
isolation
appears
evolved
low
mtDNA
divergence,
one
instance
two
cytb
haplotypes
differed
by
single
base
pair
(~
0.2%
divergence)
were
supported
However,
there
was
no
consistent
association
between
divergence
three
pairs
observed
idiosyncratic
ecological
haplotype
be
either
conspecific,
specificity,
or
specialization.
Integrating
non-traditional
types
provide
novel
view
diversity
parasites
missed
previously
using
barcodes.
Species
show
is
species-rich
Alaska,
extraordinary
species-level
worldwide.
will
important
understanding
evolutionary
history
symbionts
moving
forward.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
114(7), С. 1607 - 1612
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2017
Significance
Despite
its
widespread
application
to
the
species
delimitation
problem,
our
study
demonstrates
that
what
multispecies
coalescent
actually
delimits
is
structure.
The
current
implementations
of
under
do
not
provide
any
way
for
distinguishing
between
structure
due
population-level
processes
and
boundaries.
overinflation
misidentification
general
genetic
boundaries
has
profound
implications
understanding
generation
dynamics
biodiversity,
because
ecological
or
evolutionary
studies
rely
on
as
their
fundamental
units
will
be
impacted,
well
very
existence
this
conservation
planning
undermined
isolated
populations
incorrectly
being
treated
distinct
species.
Trends in Ecology & Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(8), С. 771 - 784
Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024
Although
species
are
central
units
for
biological
research,
recent
findings
in
genomics
raising
awareness
that
what
we
call
can
be
ill-founded
entities
due
to
solely
morphology-based,
regional
descriptions.
This
particularly
applies
groups
characterized
by
intricate
evolutionary
processes
such
as
hybridization,
polyploidy,
or
asexuality.
Here,
challenges
of
current
integrative
taxonomy
(genetics/genomics
+
morphology
ecology,
etc.)
become
apparent:
different
favored
concepts,
lack
universal
characters/markers,
missing
appropriate
analytical
tools
processes,
and
highly
subjective
ranking
fusion
datasets.
Now,
combined
with
artificial
intelligence
under
a
unified
concept
enable
automated
feature
learning
data
integration,
thus
reduce
subjectivity
delimitation.
approach
will
likely
accelerate
revising
unraveling
eukaryotic
biodiversity.
Systematic Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
69(1), С. 184 - 193
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2019
Many
recent
species
delimitation
studies
rely
exclusively
on
limited
analyses
of
genetic
data
analyzed
under
the
multispecies
coalescent
(MSC)
model,
and
results
from
these
often
are
regarded
as
conclusive
support
for
taxonomic
changes.
However,
most
MSC-based
methods
have
well-known
unmet
assumptions.
Uncritical
application
genetic-based
approaches
(without
due
consideration
sampling
design,
effects
a
priori
group
designations,
isolation
by
distance,
cytoplasmic-nuclear
mismatch,
population
structure)
can
lead
to
over-splitting
species.
Here,
we
argue
that
in
many
common
biological
scenarios,
researchers
must
be
particularly
cautious
regarding
limitations,
especially
cases
well-studied,
geographically
variable,
parapatrically
distributed
complexes.
We
consider
points
with
respect
historically
controversial
group,
American
milksnakes
(Lampropeltis
triangulum
complex),
using
analysis
(Ruane
et
al.
2014).
show
over-reliance
program
Bayesian
Phylogenetics
Phylogeography,
without
adequate
its
assumptions
resulted
this
study.
Several
hypothesized
instead
appear
represent
arbitrary
slices
continuous
geographic
clines.
conclude
best
available
evidence
supports
three,
rather
than
seven,
within
complex.
More
generally,
recommend
coalescent-based
incorporate
thorough
variation
carefully
examine
putative
contact
zones
among
delimited
before
making
PeerJ,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
7, С. e6399 - e6399
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2019
Building
the
Tree
of
Life
(ToL)
is
a
major
challenge
modern
biology,
requiring
advances
in
cyberinfrastructure,
data
collection,
theory,
and
more.
Here,
we
argue
that
phylogenomics
stands
to
benefit
by
embracing
many
heterogeneous
genomic
signals
emerging
from
first
decade
large-scale
phylogenetic
analysis
spawned
high-throughput
sequencing
(HTS).
Such
include
those
most
commonly
encountered
phylogenomic
datasets,
such
as
incomplete
lineage
sorting,
but
also
reticulate
processes
with
greater
frequency,
recombination
introgression.
Here
focus
specifically
on
how
methods
can
accommodate
heterogeneity
incurred
population
genetic
processes;
do
not
discuss
ignore
processes,
concatenation
or
supermatrix
approaches
supertrees.
We
suggest
acquisition
types
markers
used
will
remain
restricted
until
posteriori
marker
choice
are
made
possible
routine
whole-genome
taxa
interest.
limitations
potential
extensions
model
supporting
innovation
today,
multispecies
coalescent
(MSC).
Macroevolutionary
models
use
phylogenies,
character
mapping,
often
which
building
phylogenies
increasingly
rely
assimilating
an
important
goal
moving
forward.
Finally,
integrative
cyberinfrastructure
linking
all
steps
process
ToL,
specimen
field
publication
tracking
data,
well
culture
values
contributors
at
each
step,
essential
for
progress.
Molecular Ecology,
Год журнала:
2015,
Номер
24(13), С. 3467 - 3484
Опубликована: Май 25, 2015
Abstract
Microhexura
montivaga
is
a
miniature
tarantula‐like
spider
endemic
to
the
highest
peaks
of
southern
Appalachian
mountains
and
known
only
from
six
allopatric,
highly
disjunct
montane
populations.
Because
severe
declines
in
spruce‐fir
forest
late
20th
century,
M.
was
formally
listed
as
US
federally
endangered
species
1995.
Using
DNA
sequence
data
one
mitochondrial
seven
nuclear
genes,
patterns
multigenic
genetic
divergence
were
assessed
for
Independent
discovery
analyses
reveal
obvious
fragmentation
both
within
among
populations,
with
five
primary
lineages
recovered.
Multispecies
coalescent
validation
[guide
tree
unguided
Bayesian
Phylogenetics
Phylogeography
(
BPP
),
Bayes
factor
delimitation
BFD
)]
using
nuclear‐only
congruently
recover
or
distinct
lineages;
combined
plus
favour
eight
lineages.
In
stark
contrast
this
clear
fragmentation,
survey
secondary
sexual
features
available
males
indicates
morphological
conservatism
across
While
it
certainly
possible
that
morphologically
cryptic
speciation
has
occurred
taxon,
system
may
alternatively
represent
case
where
extreme
population
structuring
(but
not
speciation)
leads
an
oversplitting
lineage
diversity
by
multispecies
methods.
Our
results
have
conservation
implications
taxon
illustrate
methodological
issue
expected
become
more
common
genomic‐scale
sets
are
gathered
taxa
found
naturally
fragmented
habitats.
While
powerful
and
user-friendly
software
suites
exist
for
phylogenetics,
an
impressive
cybertaxomic
infrastructure
of
online
species
databases
has
been
set
up
in
the
past
two
decades,
targeted
explicitly
at
facilitating
alpha-taxonomic
work,
i.e.,
delimiting
diagnosing
species,
is
still
its
infancy.
Here
we
present
a
project
to
develop
bioinformatic
toolkit
taxonomy,
based
on
open-source
Python
code,
including
tools
focusing
delimitation
diagnosis
centered
around
specimen
identifiers.
At
core
iTaxoTools
user-friendliness,
with
numerous
autocorrect
options
data
files
intuitive
graphical
user
interfaces.
Assembled
standalone
executables
all
or
suite
launcher
window
will
be
distributed
Windows,
Linux,
Mac
OS
systems,
future
also
implemented
web
server.
The
initial
version
(iTaxoTools
0.1)
this
paper
(https://github.com/iTaxoTools/iTaxoTools-Executables)
contains
interface
(GUI)
versions
six
programs
(ABGD,
ASAP,
DELINEATE,
GMYC,
PTP,
tr2)
simple
threshold-clustering
tool.
There
are
new
implementations
existing
algorithms,
compute
pairwise
DNA
distances,
ultrametric
time
trees
non-parametric
rate
smoothing,
species-diagnostic
nucleotide
positions,
standard
morphometric
analyses.
Other
utilities
convert
among
different
formats
molecular
sequences,
geographical
coordinates,
units;
merge,
split
prune
sequence
files,
tables
partition
files;
perform
statistical
tests.
As
perspective,
envisage
become
part
pipeline
next-generation
taxonomy
that
accelerates
inventory
life
while
maintaining
high-quality
hypotheses.
open
source
code
binaries
available
from
Github
(https://github.com/iTaxoTools)
further
information
website
(http://itaxotools.org).