Replicated Evolution in Plants

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 74(1), С. 697 - 725

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023

Similar traits and functions commonly evolve in nature. Here, we explore patterns of replicated evolution across the plant kingdom discuss processes responsible for such patterns. We begin this review by defining theoretical, genetic, ecological concepts that help explain it. then focus our attention on empirical cases at phenotypic genotypic levels. find replication ecotype level is common, but evidence repeated speciation surprisingly sparse. On other hand, strategies physiological mechanisms similar biomes appears to be pervasive. conclude highlighting where future efforts can us bridge understanding different levels biological organization. Earth's landscape diverse also repeats itself. Organisms seem have followed suit.

Язык: Английский

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An enhancing effect attributed to a nonsynonymous mutation in SOYBEAN SEED SIZE 1, a SPINDLY‐like gene, is exploited in soybean domestication and improvement

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 236(4), С. 1375 - 1392

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2022

Soybean (Glycine max) was domesticated from its wild relative Glycine soja. One-hundred-seed weight is one of the most important traits determining soybean yield; however, underlying genetic basis remains elusive. We characterized a seed size 1 (sss1) mutant featuring large seeds compared to wild-type background. Positional cloning revealed that candidate gene GmSSS1 encoded SPINDLY homolog and co-located in well-identified quantitative trait locus (QTL)-rich region on chromosome 19. Knocking out resulted small seeds, while overexpressing GmSSS1/Gmsss1 induced seeds. Modulating transgenic plants can positively influence cell expansion division. Relative GmSSS1, mutation leading an E Q substitution at 182nd residue Gmsss1 conferred enhancing effect weight. underwent diversification cultivated soybean, alleles encoding Gmsss1-type -Q, which originated along central downstream parts Yellow River, were selected expanded during domestication improvement. cloned causative for sss1 mutant, linked with QTL, identified elite allele this increasing weight, provided new insights into breeding.

Язык: Английский

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How predictable is adaptation from standing genetic variation? Experimental evolution in Drosophila highlights the central role of redundancy and linkage disequilibrium

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1877)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2023

Experimental evolution is well-suited to test the predictability of without confounding effects inaccurate forecasts about future environments. Most literature parallel (and thus predictable) has been carried out in asexual microorganisms, which adapt by de novo mutations. Nevertheless, also studied sexual species at genomic level. Here, I review evidence for Drosophila , best-studied obligatory outcrossing model adaptation from standing genetic variation laboratory. Similar varies between focal hierarchical levels. Selected phenotypes consistently respond a very predicable way, but underlying allele frequency changes are much less predictable. The most important insight that selection response polygenic traits depends highly on founder population and lesser extent regime. This implies predicting adaptive challenging requires good understanding architecture (including linkage disequilibrium) ancestral populations. article part theme issue ‘Interdisciplinary approaches evolutionary biology’.

Язык: Английский

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Parallel evolution of integrated craniofacial traits in trophic specialist pupfishes

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(7)

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Abstract Populations may adapt to similar environments via parallel or non‐parallel genetic changes, but the frequency of these alternative mechanisms and underlying contributing factors are still poorly understood outside model systems. We used QTL mapping investigate basis highly divergent craniofacial traits between scale‐eater ( Cyprinodon desquamator ) molluscivore C. brontotheroides pupfish adapting two different hypersaline lake on San Salvador Island, Bahamas. lab‐reared F2 x intercrosses from populations, estimated linkage maps, scanned for significant 29 skeletal traits, female mate preference, sex. compared location lakes quantify changes. detected six in at least one lake. However, nearly all shared loci were associated with a trait within each Therefore, our estimate evolution architecture could range out identical (low parallelism) five integrated (high parallelism). suggest that pleiotropy integration can affect estimates evolution, particularly rapid radiations. also observed increased adaptive introgression regions, suggesting gene flow contributed evolution. Overall, results same genomic regions contribute adaptation across suites rather than specific highlight need more expansive definition

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Interspecific Hybridisation in Adaptation and Speciation: Insights From Studies in Senecio

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2022

Hybridisation is well documented in many species, especially plants. Although hybrid populations might be short-lived and do not evolve into new lineages, hybridisaiton could lead to evolutionary novelty, promoting adaptation speciation. The genus Senecio (Asteraceae) has been actively used unravel the role of hybridisation In this article, we first briefly describe process state research over years. We then discuss various roles plant speciation illustrated with examples from different but also mention other groups organisms whenever necessary. particular, focus on genomic transcriptomic consequences hybridisation, as ecological physiological aspects hybrids' point view. Overall, article aims showcase adaptation, potential Senecio, which part ecologically economically important family, Asteraceae.

Язык: Английский

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Environmental gradients shape genetic variation in the desert moss, Syntrichia caninervis Mitt. (Pottiaceae)

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Multi‐response phylogenetic mixed models: concepts and application

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

ABSTRACT The scale and resolution of trait databases molecular phylogenies is increasing rapidly. These resources permit many open questions in comparative biology to be addressed with the right statistical tools. Multi‐response (MR) phylogenetic mixed models (PMMs) offer great potential for multivariate analyses evolution. While flexible powerful, these methods are not often employed by researchers ecology evolution, reflecting a specialised technical literature that creates barriers usage biologists. Here we present practical accessible guide MR‐PMMs. We begin review single‐response (SR) PMMs introduce key concepts outline limitations this approach characterising patterns coevolution. emphasise MR‐PMMs as preferable involving multiple species traits, due explicit decomposition covariances. discuss multilevel models, extensions non‐Gaussian response traits. highlight techniques causal inference using graphical well advanced topics including prior specification latent factor models. Using simulated data visual examples, interpretation, prediction, model validation. implement discussed example plant functional traits demonstrate general utility handling complex real‐world sets. Finally, emerging synthesis made possible MR‐PMMs, strengths weaknesses, recommendations analysts. To complement material, provide online tutorials side‐by‐side implementations two popular R packages, MCMCglmm brms .

Язык: Английский

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Genetic Basis of Adaptation

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Polygenic routes lead to parallel altitudinal adaptation in Heliosperma pusillum (Caryophyllaceae)

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(8), С. 1832 - 1847

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2022

Abstract Understanding how organisms adapt to the environment is a major goal of modern biology. Parallel evolution—the independent evolution similar phenotypes in different populations—provides powerful framework investigate evolutionary potential populations, constraints evolution, its repeatability and therefore predictability. Here, we quantified degree gene expression functional parallelism across replicated ecotype formation Heliosperma pusillum (Caryophyllaceae), gained insights into architecture adaptive traits. Population structure analyses demographic modelling support previously formulated hypothesis parallel polytopic divergence montane alpine ecotypes. We detect large proportion differentially expressed genes (DEGs) underlying within each replicate pair, with strikingly low number shared DEGs pairs. Functional enrichment reveals that traits affected by significant are largely consistent pairs, strong contrast nonshared genetic basis. The remarkable redundancy differential indicates polygenic for diverged conclude appear key opening multiple routes adaptation, widening organisms.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid genomic evolution in Brassica rapa with bumblebee selection in experimental evolution

BMC Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Insect pollinators shape rapid phenotypic evolution of traits related to floral attractiveness and plant reproductive success. However, the underlying genomic changes remain largely unknown despite their importance in predicting adaptive responses natural or artificial selection. Based on a nine-generation experimental study with fast cycling Brassica rapa plants adapting bumblebees, we investigate associated previously observed parallel evolution. In this current evolve resequencing (E&R) study, conduct scan allele frequency along genome bumblebee-pollinated hand-pollinated perform principal component analysis (PCA). Results We highlight mediated by bumblebees. Controlling for genetic drift, observe significant allelic frequencies at multiple loci. pattern differs according replicate plants, suggesting putative non-parallel Finally, our underlines an increase variance implying involvement loci short-term pollinator adaptation. Conclusions Overall, enhances understanding complex interactions between providing stepping stone towards unravelling basis adaptation biotic factors environment.

Язык: Английский

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