Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
28(8), С. 2527 - 2540
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2022
Associations
between
soil
minerals
and
microbially
derived
organic
matter
(often
referred
to
as
mineral-associated
or
MAOM)
form
a
large
pool
of
slowly
cycling
carbon
(C).
The
rhizosphere,
immediately
adjacent
roots,
is
thought
control
the
spatial
extent
MAOM
formation
because
it
dominant
entry
point
new
C
inputs
soil.
However,
emphasis
on
rhizosphere
implicitly
assumes
that
microbial
redistribution
into
bulk
(non-rhizosphere)
soils
minimal.
We
question
this
assumption,
arguing
extensive
fungal
exploration
rapid
hyphal
turnover,
from
common,
encourages
formation.
First,
we
summarize
published
estimates
length
density
turnover
rates
demonstrate
are
high
throughout
rhizosphere-bulk
continuum.
Second,
colonization
surfaces
common
dispersal
mechanism
for
bacteria,
argue
allows
non-random
mineral
by
hyphae-associated
taxa.
Third,
these
bacterial
communities
their
hosts
determine
chemical
deposited
colonized
surfaces.
Collectively,
our
analysis
demonstrates
omission
hyphosphere
conceptual
models
flow
overlooks
key
mechanisms
in
soils.
Moving
forward,
there
clear
need
spatially
explicit,
quantitative
research
characterizing
environmental
drivers
community
composition
across
systems,
important
controls
over
rate
chemistry
minerals.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
26(1), С. 261 - 273
Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2019
Managing
soil
organic
matter
(SOM)
stocks
to
address
global
change
challenges
requires
well-substantiated
knowledge
of
SOM
behavior
that
can
be
clearly
communicated
between
scientists,
management
practitioners,
and
policy
makers.
However,
is
incredibly
complex
separation
into
multiple
components
with
contrasting
in
order
study
predict
its
dynamics.
Numerous
diverse
schemes
are
currently
used,
making
cross-study
comparisons
difficult
hindering
broad-scale
generalizations.
Here,
we
recommend
separating
particulate
(POM)
mineral-associated
(MAOM)
forms,
two
fundamentally
different
terms
their
formation,
persistence,
functioning.
We
provide
evidence
highly
physical
chemical
properties,
mean
residence
times
soil,
responses
land
use
change,
plant
litter
inputs,
warming,
CO2
enrichment,
N
fertilization.
Conceptualizing
POM
versus
MAOM
a
feasible,
well-supported,
useful
framework
will
allow
scientists
move
beyond
studies
bulk
SOM,
but
also
consistent
scheme
across
studies.
Ultimately,
propose
the
as
best
way
forward
understand
dynamics
context
necessary
recommendations
managers
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
25(11), С. 3578 - 3590
Опубликована: Июль 31, 2019
Soil
carbon
transformation
and
sequestration
have
received
significant
interest
in
recent
years
due
to
a
growing
need
for
quantitating
its
role
mitigating
climate
change.
Even
though
our
understanding
of
the
nature
soil
organic
matter
has
recently
been
substantially
revised,
fundamental
uncertainty
remains
about
quantitative
importance
microbial
necromass
as
part
persistent
matter.
Addressing
this
hampered
by
absence
assessments
whether
makes
up
majority
soil.
Direct
quantitation
is
very
challenging
because
an
overlapping
molecular
signature
with
nonmicrobial
carbon.
Here,
we
use
comprehensive
analysis
existing
biomarker
amino
sugar
data
published
between
1996
2018,
combined
novel
appropriation
using
ecological
systems
approach,
elemental
carbon-nitrogen
stoichiometry,
scaling,
demonstrate
suit
strategies
contribution
microbe-derived
topsoil
reservoir
global
temperate
agricultural,
grassland,
forest
ecosystems.
We
show
that
can
make
more
than
half
Hence,
suggest
next-generation
field
management
requires
promoting
biomass
formation
preservation
maintain
healthy
soils,
ecosystems,
climate.
Our
analyses
important
implications
improving
current
models,
helping
develop
practices
policies.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
27(11), С. 2478 - 2490
Опубликована: Март 13, 2021
Paddy
soils
make
up
the
largest
anthropogenic
wetlands
on
earth,
and
are
characterized
by
a
prominent
potential
for
organic
carbon
(C)
sequestration.
By
quantifying
plant-
microbial-derived
C
in
across
four
climate
zones,
we
identified
that
accrual
is
achieved
via
contrasting
pathways
paddy
upland
soils.
Paddies
39%-127%
more
efficient
soil
(SOC)
sequestration
than
their
adjacent
counterparts,
with
greater
differences
warmer
cooler
climates.
Upland
replenished
C,
whereas
enriched
proportion
of
plant-derived
because
retarded
microbial
decomposition
under
anaerobic
conditions
induced
flooding
paddies.
Under
both
land-use
types,
maximal
contribution
plant
residues
to
SOC
at
intermediate
mean
annual
temperature
(15-20°C),
neutral
(pH~7.3),
low
clay/sand
ratio.
contrast,
high
(~24°C),
pH
(~5),
large
ratio
favorable
strengthening
necromass.
The
necromass
waterlogged
paddies
climates
likely
due
fast
anabolism
from
bacteria,
fungi
unlikely
be
involved
as
they
aerobic.
In
scenario
conversion
upland,
total
504
Tg
may
lost
CO
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
825, С. 153862 - 153862
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022
Heavy
metal
(HM)
pollution
of
soils
is
a
globally
important
ecological
and
environmental
problem.
Previous
studies
have
focused
on
i)
tracking
sources
in
HM-contaminated
soils,
ii)
exploring
the
adsorption
capacity
distribution
HMs,
iii)
assessing
phyto-uptake
HMs
their
ecotoxicity.
However,
few
reviews
systematically
summarized
HM
soil-plant
systems
over
past
decade.
Understanding
mechanisms
interaction
between
solid
soil
components
consequently
key
to
effectively
controlling
remediating
pollution.
compositions
phases
are
diverse,
structures
complex,
spatial
arrangements
heterogeneous,
all
leading
formation
micro-domains
that
exhibit
different
particle
sizes
surface
properties.
The
various
interactions
ultimately
control
speciation,
transformation,
bioavailability
soils.
Over
decades,
extensive
application
advanced
instrumental
techniques
methods
has
greatly
expanded
our
understanding
behavior
organic
mineral
assemblages.
In
this
review,
investigating
immobilization
by
minerals,
compounds,
microorganisms,
associated
complexes
summarized,
with
particular
emphasis
interfacial
HMs.
addition,
for
analyzing
speciation
aggregates
natural
also
discussed.
Moreover,
we
review
speciating
at
mineral-organic
micro-scale
interfaces.
Lastly,
developmental
prospects
research
inorganic-organic
interfaces
outlined.
future
research,
most
should
be
used
characterize
situ
characteristics
metals
complexes.
particular,
roles
contributions
microorganisms
complex
require
significant
further
investigation.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
26(11), С. 6032 - 6039
Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2020
Abstract
The
global
soil
carbon
(C)
pool
is
massive,
so
relatively
small
changes
in
organic
(SOC)
stocks
can
significantly
alter
atmospheric
C
and
climate.
recently
proposed
concept
of
the
microbial
pump
(MCP)
emphasizes
active
role
microbes
SOC
storage
by
integrating
continual
transformation
from
labile
to
persistent
anabolic
forms.
However,
has
not
been
evaluated
with
data.
Here,
we
combine
datasets,
including
necromass
biomarker
amino
sugars
SOC,
two
long‐term
agricultural
field
studies
conducted
large
United
States
bioenergy
research
programs.
We
interrogate
MCP
investigating
asynchronous
responses
land‐use
change.
Microbial
appeared
preferentially
accumulate
be
dominant
contributor
accrual
diversified
perennial
crops.
Specifically,
~92%
additional
enhanced
plant
diversity
was
estimated
C,
>76%
transition
annual
crops
necromass.
This
suggests
that
stimulated
agroecosystems.
further
delineate
suggest
parameters—soil
capacity
efficacy
—reflecting
conversion
into
contribution
respectively,
should
serve
as
valuable
metrics
for
future
evaluating
under
alternative
management
changing
climates.
