Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
120(11)
Опубликована: Март 8, 2023
The
ocean
is
a
net
source
of
the
greenhouse
gas
and
ozone-depleting
substance,
nitrous
oxide
(N2O),
to
atmosphere.
Most
that
N2O
produced
as
trace
side
product
during
ammonia
oxidation,
primarily
by
ammonia-oxidizing
archaea
(AOA),
which
numerically
dominate
community
in
most
marine
environments.
pathways
production
their
kinetics,
however,
are
not
completely
understood.
Here,
we
use
15N
18O
isotopes
determine
kinetics
nitrogen
(N)
oxygen
(O)
atoms
model
AOA
species,
Nitrosopumilus
maritimus.
We
find
apparent
half
saturation
constants
nitrite
comparable,
suggesting
both
processes
enzymatically
controlled
tightly
coupled
at
low
concentrations.
constituent
derived
from
ammonia,
nitrite,
O2,
H2O
via
multiple
pathways.
Ammonia
primary
N
N2O,
but
its
contribution
varies
with
ratio.
ratio
45N2O
46N2O
(i.e.,
single
or
double
labeled
N)
substrate
ratio,
leading
widely
varying
isotopic
signatures
pool.
O2
for
O
atoms.
In
addition
previously
demonstrated
hybrid
formation
pathway,
found
substantial
hydroxylamine
while
reduction
an
insignificant
N2O.
Our
study
highlights
power
dual
15N-18O
isotope
labeling
disentangle
microbes,
implications
interpretation
regulation
sources.
The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
16(1), С. 272 - 283
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021
Abstract
Nitrification,
the
oxidation
of
ammonia
to
nitrate,
is
an
essential
process
in
biogeochemical
nitrogen
cycle.
The
first
step
nitrification,
oxidation,
performed
by
three,
often
co-occurring
guilds
chemolithoautotrophs:
ammonia-oxidizing
bacteria
(AOB),
archaea
(AOA),
and
complete
oxidizers
(comammox).
Substrate
kinetics
are
considered
be
a
major
niche-differentiating
factor
between
these
guilds,
but
few
AOA
strains
have
been
kinetically
characterized.
Here,
kinetic
properties
12
representing
all
cultivated
phylogenetic
lineages
were
determined
using
microrespirometry.
Members
genus
Nitrosocosmicus
lowest
affinity
for
both
total
ammonium
any
characterized
AOA,
values
similar
previously
affinities
AOB.
This
contrasts
previous
assumptions
that
possess
much
higher
substrate
than
their
comammox
or
AOB
counterparts.
correlated
with
cell
surface
area
volume
ratios.
In
addition,
measurements
across
range
pH
supports
hypothesis
that—like
AOB—ammonia
not
monooxygenase
enzyme
comammox.
Together,
data
will
facilitate
predictions
interpretation
oxidizer
community
structures
provide
robust
basis
establishing
testable
hypotheses
on
competition
AOB,
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(1)
Опубликована: Март 17, 2022
Abstract
Wetland
soils
are
the
greatest
source
of
nitrous
oxide
(N
2
O),
a
critical
greenhouse
gas
and
ozone
depleter
released
by
microbes.
Yet,
microbial
players
processes
underlying
N
O
emissions
from
wetland
poorly
understood.
Using
in
situ
measurements
determining
structure
potential
functional
communities
645
soil
samples
globally,
we
examined
role
archaea,
bacteria,
fungi
nitrogen
(N)
cycling
emissions.
We
show
that
higher
drained
warm
soils,
correlated
with
diversity
further
provide
evidence
despite
their
much
lower
abundance
compared
to
nitrifying
archaeal
is
key
factor
explaining
globally.
Our
data
suggest
ongoing
global
warming
intensifying
environmental
change
may
boost
nitrifiers,
collectively
transforming
greater
O.
Microorganisms,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(5), С. 983 - 983
Опубликована: Май 1, 2021
The
use
of
organic
fertilizers
constitutes
a
sustainable
strategy
to
recycle
nutrients,
increase
soil
carbon
(C)
stocks
and
mitigate
climate
change.
Yet,
this
depends
largely
on
balance
between
C
sequestration
the
emissions
potent
greenhouse
gas
nitrous
oxide
(N2O).
Organic
strongly
influence
microbial
processes
leading
release
N2O.
magnitude
pattern
N2O
are
different
from
observed
inorganic
difficult
predict,
which
hinders
developing
best
management
practices
specific
fertilizers.
Currently,
we
lack
comprehensive
evaluation
effects
OFs
function
structure
N
cycling
communities.
Focusing
animal
manures,
here
provide
an
overview
these
community
nitrifying
denitrifying
microorganisms
in
upland
soils.
Unprocessed
manure
with
high
moisture,
available
nitrogen
(N)
content
can
shift
community,
increasing
abundance
activity
microorganisms.
Processed
manure,
such
as
digestate,
compost,
vermicompost
biochar,
also
stimulate
microorganisms,
although
different,
comparatively
lower
than
raw
manure.
We
propose
framework
minimize
negative
environmental
impacts
maximize
their
benefits
improving
health
sustaining
food
production
systems.
Long-term
application
composted
buildup
may
contribute
retention
or
stabilized
while
thus
reduce
by
favoring
completion
denitrification
produce
dinitrogen
gas.
Future
research
using
multi-omics
approaches
be
used
establish
key
biochemical
pathways
taxa
responsible
for
under
fertilization.
The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17(9), С. 1358 - 1368
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023
Ammonia
oxidising
archaea
are
among
the
most
abundant
living
organisms
on
Earth
and
key
microbial
players
in
global
nitrogen
cycle.
They
carry
out
oxidation
of
ammonia
to
nitrite,
their
activity
is
relevant
for
both
food
security
climate
change.
Since
discovery
nearly
20
years
ago,
major
insights
have
been
gained
into
carbon
metabolism,
growth
preferences
mechanisms
adaptation
environment,
as
well
diversity,
abundance
environment.
Despite
significant
strides
forward
through
cultivation
novel
omics-based
approaches,
there
still
many
knowledge
gaps
metabolism
which
enable
them
adapt
microorganisms
typically
considered
metabolically
streamlined
highly
specialised.
Here
we
review
physiology
archaea,
with
focus
aspects
metabolic
versatility
regulation,
discuss
these
traits
context
nitrifier
ecology.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024
Abstract
Largely
removed
from
anthropogenic
delivery
of
nitrogen
(N),
Antarctica
has
notably
low
levels
nitrogen.
Though
our
understanding
biological
sources
ammonia
have
been
elucidated,
the
microbial
drivers
nitrate
(NO
3
−
)
cycling
in
coastal
remains
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
explore
N
Antarctica,
unraveling
origin
NO
via
oxygen
isotopes
soil
and
lake
sediment,
through
reconstruction
1968
metagenome-assembled
genomes
29
phyla.
Our
analysis
reveals
metabolic
potential
for
2
fixation,
nitrification,
denitrification,
but
not
anaerobic
ammonium
oxidation,
signifying
a
unique
N-cycling
dynamic.
We
identify
predominance
complete
oxidizing
(comammox)
Nitrospira
,
capable
performing
entire
nitrification
process.
Their
adaptive
strategies
to
Antarctic
environment
likely
include
synthesis
trehalose
cold
stress,
high
substrate
affinity
resource
utilization,
alternate
pathways
nutrient-scarce
conditions.
confirm
significant
role
comammox
autotrophic,
process
13
C-DNA-based
stable
isotope
probing.
This
research
highlights
crucial
contribution
budget
identifying
clade
B
as
driver.
FEMS Microbiology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
44(6), С. 874 - 908
Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2020
ABSTRACT
Nitrification
is
the
microbial
conversion
of
reduced
forms
nitrogen
(N)
to
nitrate
(NO3−),
and
in
fertilized
soils
it
can
lead
substantial
N
losses
via
NO3−
leaching
or
nitrous
oxide
(N2O)
production.
To
limit
such
problems,
synthetic
nitrification
inhibitors
have
been
applied
but
their
performance
differs
between
soils.
In
recent
years,
there
has
an
increasing
interest
occurrence
biological
inhibition
(BNI),
a
natural
phenomenon
according
which
certain
plants
inhibit
through
release
active
compounds
root
exudates.
Here,
we
synthesize
current
state
research
also
unravel
knowledge
gaps
field.
The
process
discussed
considering
discoveries
genomics,
biochemistry
ecology
nitrifiers.
Secondly,
focus
on
‘where’
‘how’
BNI.
transformations
interconnections
as
they
occur
in,
are
affected
by,
rhizosphere,
discussed.
NH4+
retention
pathways
alternative
BNI
reviewed
well.
We
provide
hypotheses
how
plant
with
putative
ability
reach
targets
inside
cell
ammonia
oxidation.
Finally,
discuss
set
techniques
that
be
successfully
solve
unresearched
questions
studies.
