Annual Research Review: What processes are dysregulated among emotionally dysregulated youth? – a systematic review

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Proliferation of the term “emotion dysregulation” in child psychopathology parallels growing interest processes that influence negative emotional reactivity. While it commonly refers to a clinical phenotype where intense anger leads behavioral dyscontrol, implies etiology because anything is dysregulated requires an impaired regulatory mechanism. Many cognitive, affective, behavioral, neural, and social have been studied improve understanding emotion dysregulation. Nevertheless, defective mechanism might underlie remains unclear. This systematic review research on affect dysregulation endeavors develop integrative framework for wide variety factors investigated. It seeks ascertain which, if any, constitutes Based this review, we propose organizing emotion‐relevant into categories pertaining stimulus processing, response selection control, generation, closed‐ or open‐loop feedback‐based regulation, experiential influences. Our finds scant evidence closed‐loop (automatic) mechanisms downregulate arousal rapidly. Open‐loop (deliberate) strategies seem effective low‐to‐moderate arousal. More extensive supports roles aspects processing (sensory sensitivity, salience, appraisal, threat reward expectancy). Response control functions, such as inhibitory show robust associations with Processes relating generation highlight aberrant features autonomic, endocrine, functioning, tonic mood states. A large literature adverse childhood experiences family interactions shows unique joint effects interpersonal child‐level risks. We conclude require further specification. Integrating along axis from input through corrective feedback may promote (a) heterogeneity pathogenesis, (b) interrelationships between these factors, (c) derivation better‐targeted treatments address specific pathogenic affected youth.

Язык: Английский

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Individual longitudinal changes in DNA-methylome identify signatures of early-life adversity and correlate with later outcome

Neurobiology of Stress, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31, С. 100652 - 100652

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Adverse early-life experiences (ELA) affect a majority of the world's children. Whereas enduring impact ELA on cognitive and emotional health is established, there are no tools to predict vulnerability consequences in an individual child. Epigenetic markers including peripheral-cell DNA-methylation profiles may encode provide predictive outcome markers, yet interindividual variance human genome rapid changes DNA methylation childhood pose significant challenges. Hoping mitigate these challenges we examined relation several dimensions using within-subject longitudinal design high methylation-change threshold. was analyzed buccal swab / saliva samples collected twice (neonatally at 12 months) 110 infants. We identified CpGs differentially methylated across time for each child determined whether they associated with indicators executive function age 5. assessed sex differences derived sex-dependent 'impact score' based sites that most contributed changes. Changes between two reflected age-related trends correlated years later. Among tested life factors income needs ratios, maternal sensitivity, body mass index infant sex, unpredictability parental household signals strongest predictor function. In girls, interacted presage Thus, longitudinal, signature potential marker outcome.

Язык: Английский

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Capturing the complexity of child behavior and caregiver-child interactions in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study using a rigorous and equitable approach

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 69, С. 101422 - 101422

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, emotional development beginning prenatally planned through early childhood. This article outlines methodological considerations the decision-making process for measurement selection child behavior, parenting/caregiver-child interactions, family/home environment HBCD. is detailed, including formation of national workgroup (WG-BEH) that focused on developmentally appropriate measures take rigorous equitable approach aligned with HBCD objectives. Multi-level-observational caregiver-report were deemed necessary capturing desired constructs across multiple contexts while balancing nuance observational data pragmatic considerations. WG-BEH prioritized sensitive, validated assessments psychometrics supporting use in diverse populations mechanistic linkages prediction constructs. Other included participant burden retention, staff training needs, cultural sensitivity. Innovation was permitted when it grounded evidence filled key gaps. Finally, this describes rationale selected (e.g., temperament, social-emotional development, parenting behaviors, family organization) corresponding chosen visits from infancy 17 months age.

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging the science of early life predictability to inform policies promoting child health

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 69, С. 101437 - 101437

Опубликована: Авг. 31, 2024

Addressing the tremendous burden of early-life adversity requires constructive dialogues between scientists and policy makers to improve population health. Whereas focused on several aspects have been initiated, discussion an underrecognized form that has observed across multiple contexts cultures is only now emerging. Here we provide evidence for "why unpredictability?", including: 1. Evidence exposures unpredictability affect child neurodevelopment, with influences persist into adulthood. 2. The existence a translational non-human animal model exposure early life can be capitalized upon causally probe neurobiological mechanisms. 3. patterns signals in environment promote brain maturation species. 4. uneven distribution demographic populations illuminates possible focal point enhancing health equity. We then outline potential terms "what"; is, how might concept leveraged inform policy? emphasize importance interdisciplinary community partnerships success this work describe our community-engaged research project. Finally, highlight opportunities science policies areas such as screening, immigration, criminal justice, education, childcare, welfare, employment, healthcare housing.

Язык: Английский

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Contribution of an under-recognized adversity to child health risk: large-scale, population-based ACEs screening.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Abstract Background and Objectives Whereas adverse early life experiences (ACEs) correlate with cognitive, emotional physical health at the population level, existing ACEs screens are only weakly predictive of outcomes for an individual child. This raises possibility that important elements early-life drive vulnerability resilience not being captured. We previously demonstrated unpredictable parental household signals constitute ACE cross-cultural relevance. created 5-item Questionnaire Unpredictability in Childhood (QUIC-5) can be readily administered pediatric clinics. Here, we tested if combined screening QUIC-5 measure this real-world setting significantly improved prediction child outcomes. Methods Leveraging Pediatric Related Life Events Screener (PEARLS) annual well-child visits, implemented 19 clinics spanning diverse sociodemographic constituency Orange County, CA. Children (12yr+) caregivers (for children 0-17years) completed both screens. Health diagnoses were abstracted from electronic records (N=29,305 children). Results For screeners, increasing exposures associated a higher probability mental (ADHD, anxiety, depression, externalizing problems, sleep disorder) or (obesity abdominal pain, asthma, headache) diagnosis. Across most diagnoses, PEARLS QUIC provided unique contributions. Importantly, three (depression, obesity, disorders) identified vulnerable individuals missed by alone. Conclusions Screening unpredictability as additional primary care is feasible, acceptable provides unique, actionable information about psychopathology health. What’s Known on Subject neurodevelopmental scales (e.g., PEARLS) level Are adversity these scales? What Study Adds Because ACE, developed (QUIC-5). Administering to 30,000 families youth risk obesity other who would

Язык: Английский

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Associations between maternal adversity and health and children’s telomere length

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The memory cycle of time-series public opinion data: Validation based on deep learning prediction

Information Processing & Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 62(4), С. 104168 - 104168

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Across ages and places: Unpredictability of maternal sensory signals and child internalizing behaviors

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 347, С. 557 - 567

Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Stress-induced modulation of maternal behavior and mesolimbic dopamine function

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 60, С. 101445 - 101445

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Childhood unpredictability research within the developmental psychopathology framework: Advances, implications, and future directions

Development and Psychopathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 12

Опубликована: Март 20, 2024

Abstract Greater unpredictability in childhood from the level of caregiver-child dyad to broader family, home, or environmental instability is consistently associated with disruptions cognitive, socioemotional, behavioral, and biological development humans. These findings are bolstered by experimental research non-human animal models suggesting that early life an important signal developing organism shapes neurodevelopment behavior. Research on has surged past several years, guided part theoretical grounding developmental psychopathology framework (shaped largely Dr. Dante Cicchetti’s innovative work). The current review focuses future directions for research, including probing intergenerational effects, role predictability resilience, cultural contextual considerations, novel outcomes should be tested relation unpredictability. We urge integration multidisciplinary perspectives collaborations into also provide ideas translating this real-world practice policy encourage high-quality testing whether incorporating interventions improves outcomes, which would support further dissemination these findings.

Язык: Английский

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