Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 58(6), С. 743 - 750

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2020

This special issue honors Dr. Vicki Ann Funk (26 November 1947–22 October 2019), who passed away after a battle with an aggressive cancer (Fig. 1). was Botanist at the Smithsonian Institution in 1981–2019. inspirational evolutionary biologist and champion for collections-based systematics biogeography (Funk, 2018). She quite literally changed way we perform our today, she consistently driving force positive change botany beyond. one of most active, enthusiastic, passionate professional botanists time. combined these qualities quick mind glowing wit, always new ideas or opinions that eager to share anyone would listen be willing enter engaging dialog. During her distinguished career, achieved pre-eminence fields phylogenetic methods, systematics, biogeography, biodiversity conservation. very active member leader several societies biogeography. Her vision leadership as well passion mentoring next generation have had strong influence on direction botanical research career development many colleagues. A detailed biography published recently by Wagner & Specht (2020), contributions can also found works et al. (2019) Gillespie Whittaker (2020). pioneered use cladistics theory plant late 1970s early 1980s (e.g., Stuessy, 1978; Funk, 1982, 1985a). few time actively collaborated leading zoologists advocating approaches Brooks, 1981; Platnick 1983; Wiley al., 1991). innovatively developed guidelines detect hybridization events, which are common plants, using patterns extensive case studies 1985b). continued extensively study diversification classification Compositae phylogenetics 2005, 2009; Nie 2013), added next-generation phylogenomics tool box last years Mandel 2015, 2017, 2019). world's experts sunflower family, Compositae, largest family flowering plants more than 27 000 species, accounting 10% all angiosperm species. started Ohio State University dissertation Montanoa Cerv. 1982) under Tod Stuessy. In 1981, spent postdoctoral year New York Botanical Garden, where studied Art Cronquist. time, 1 day week American Museum Natural History develop expertise intellectual among community. subsequent 35 years, large network collaborators across globe generated numerous important evolution this large, diverse, ecologically important, taxonomically difficult family. The spectacular book (Systematics, Evolution, Biogeography Compositae) (Funk 2009) is outstanding example Vicki's organizational skills, represents synthesis plants. work won prestigious Stebbins Medal from International Association Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) 2010 2). office Smithsonian, surrounded favorite objects 3). founding members Society (IBS), served President IBS (Gillespie Whittaker, 2020). Early advocated innovative cladistic biogeographic analyses 1982; 1983). 1990s, teamed Warren organize symposium Honolulu meetings explored utility understand Hawaiian archipelago. proceedings were highly influential Biogeography: Evolution Hot Spot Archipelago (Wagner 1995). volume, (1995) articulated famous progression rule hotspot archipelagos: clades tend inhabit older islands first disperse younger order appear. collection papers set foundation inspired archipelago, Pacific, island systems general (Appelhans 2018a, 2018b). On expedition Tibet 2006 4), often discussed young participants island-like vast Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Asia region Baird 2010; Wen 2013, 2014; 2016; Zhang exceptionally advocate 1999; Richardson, 2002; 2004, 2006, 2018; 2015). Director Biological Diversity Guiana Shield Biodiversity Program (BDG) over 30 supported diverse organisms birds, mammals, insects region. BDG program fundamental document, understand, conserve biological diversity area northeastern South America. made 60,000 collections databased those plus nearly 100,000 previously collected specimens (Kelloff database extremely valuable systematic conservation efforts biodiversity-rich 15,000 number brought back worldwide, especially legendarily remote areas Death Valley Roof World targeted taxa like Bidens orofenensis M.L.Grant Tahiti via helicopter (see cover image, issue). genomic era, instrumental establishing Global Genome Initiative Gardens (GGI-Gardens) 2015 goal fulfilling GGI mission: preserve life Earth—for tree 5). about biologists, mentored 40 undergraduate graduate students fellows, interns, students, visiting scientists through Botany Department National Smithsonian. various other roles. Systematic Biologists 1998–1999, Taxonomists 2006–2007, 2007–2009, Washington 2014, 2011 2017. received awards recognizing achievements biology, For example, addition IAPT, awarded Rolf Dahlgren Prize 2014 2018, Asa Gray Award, highest honor bestowed individual (ASPT). ASPT established named Graduate Student Research Award 2019 Meetings Tucson, Arizona. Also, 2019, Linnean London recognized its lifetime service natural sciences. issue, invited broad group explore advances 21st century, pay tribute true field. We emphasize four major significant contributions: Pacific statistical (Asteraceae), systematics. Three oceanic islands. Stuessy (2020) has reviewed processes (ontogeny islands, population divergence, speciation, hybridization) argues present distribution ecology species within endemic groups may little do when originated. Thus, understanding environmental changes infer such founder effect modes Juan Fernández Lord Howe Island. Knope radiation genus Pacific. Although confirmed polyphyletic Coreopsis, Polynesian inferred monophyletic, morphologically clade likely radiated ancestor initial colonization either Marquesas (43% probability) Islands (39% probability). crown estimated occurred ~1.63 million ago (Ma), youngest rapid events documented Within each Marquesan radiations result single being monophyletic paraphyletic respect radiation. From Marquesas, dispersed then Austral Islands. showcases relatively rare long-distance dispersal event coupled loss potential within-island lead repeated, complex, explosive adaptive archipelagoes Polynesia. basis RADseq data, Appelhans reconstructed Myrsine L. primrose (Primulaceae), only ten species-rich lineages never been analysis. monotypic Macaronesian genera Heberdenia Pleiomeris nested it, monophyletic. includes three main lineages: contains majority mainly Kauaʻi two widespread Quartet Sampling HyDe further suggest incongruence throughout phylogeny provide evidence lineage (also see Kleinkopf Four showcase power inferring classical patterns. Echeverría-Londoño another megadiverse Solanum (c. 1200 Solanaceae). Despite Neotropics, Old diversified rapidly, recent increase coinciding Neotropics regions climatic changes. Two migrated Australia independently, arid-adapted experiencing increases rate, they adapted long-term trend toward seasonally dry arid biomes there. excellent showing how successful niches drive diversifications. Zhu conducted analysis Celastrus Celastraceae) wide disjunct five continents both hemispheres. suggested linked global warming during Miocene. originated tropical Central America, North Oceania, Madagascar different periods dispersals. Birds facilitated transoceanic migrations Celastrus, due bicolored fruits, contain red fleshy arils, highlighting importance key morphological innovations animal-mediated dispersals distributional ranges. constructed origin Saxifraga sect. Irregulares Haw. 15–20 Saxifragaceae), early-diverged genus. results corroborate monophyly sister relationship Heterisia Divergence estimates ancestral western migration into eastern Bering land bridge (Graham, 2018) middle Oligocene. desert belt Miocene hypothesized divergence north south Asia, supporting emerging pattern Asia. Wang tackled Asia—the Sino-Japanese disjunctions Diabelia Landrein (four Caprifoliaceae; Linnaeoideae). dated Oligocene, phylogenomic plastomes independent vicariance disjunction between Japan Korea middle-to-late China (Zhejiang) Five included memory evolution. Watson analyzed closely related tribes (Anthemideae, Astereae, Calenduleae, Gnaphalieae, Senecioneae), represent 10 These form subfamily Asteroideae. nuclear plastid genomes HybSeq approach (Zimmer Wen, 2015), concordance conflicting support data sets ancient events. With timing five-tribe shortly before Eocene–Oligocene extinction 34 Ma), lost, hence obscuring details their history. Ackerfield thistle (Cirsium L.), challenging attempt thistles suggests messy difficulties Cirsium (i) undescribed taxa, (ii) inadequate representation herbarium specimens, (iii) phenotypic convergence, (iv) hybridization, (v) incipient speciation. Using approach, Lichter-Marck rock daisy tribe Perityleae, consisting seven genera, c. 84 narrowly cliffs southwest United States northern Mexico. Discordance sources molecular supports Perityleae. Phylogenies reject Perityle Benth. sections. Pappus elements show high level homoplasy, flower color conserved. base chromosome x = 18 give rise lower numbers subtribe Peritylinae (x 12, 13, 16, 17, 19) descending dysploidization. Most constitute but polyploidization inferred. progenitor-specific amplicon sequencing method, Wan tested hypothesis allopolyploidization same parental led yarrow Achillea alpina A. wilsoniana Heimerl ex Hand.-Mazz., diploid progenitor pair, acuminata (Ledeb.) Sch. Bip. asiatica Serg. sequences 17 genes 21 wild populations investigated, allopolyploidy gave genetically distinct taxa. Approximate Bayesian computation tetraploid Last Glacial Maximum went declines Ma origins cultivated chrysanthemums chloroplast LEAFY gene. Several Chrysanthemum L., C. indicum zawadskii Herbich, dichrum (C.Shih) H.Ohashi Yonek., nankingense argyrophyllum Ling, vestitum (Hemsl.) Stapl, directly indirectly involved paternal chrysanthemum cultivars examined study. Yet, maternal extinct cultivars, accessions sampled formed strongly clade, plastome tree. multiple hybridizations involving rather serving parents. Phylogenetic progressed tremendously decade additional sampling characters DiMichele Bateman updated reconstruction Carboniferous tree-clubmoss Paralycopodites Morey disarticulated, anatomically preserved fossils determine position developmental biology dictated remarkable architecture. Their taxonomic conclusions phylogenetically basalmost stigmarian lycopsids expanded encompass compression mode preservation. Considering Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG I, 2016) did not include intergeneric hybrids (nothogenera), Liu provided evaluation proposed nothogenera context current phylogeny-based pteridophyte classification. They nothospecies phylogeny. future better report ferns lycophytes, areas. Spooner compared carrot Daucus regions: entire genome, 47 mitochondrial genes, 94 conserved orthologs, 564 895 SNPs. Extensive discordance detected maximum parsimony, likelihood, trees coalescent well. results, thus, raise questions concerning best analytical methods reconstruct "true" Thode evaluated character partitioning models Amphilophium Kunth (Bignoniaceae) incongruences recovered relationships located short internodes. selection appropriate partition strategies accuracy relationships, even sets. Welker grass Andropogoneae Dumort. (14 subtribes, 92 1224 species), crops maize, sugarcane, sorghum, dominates grasslands world. diverged Arundinelleae Miocene, "core Andropogoneae" Africa World. Soreng presented ribosomal DNA Poa characterized breeding morphology Nivicolae (Roshev.) Prob., assessed taxonomy poorly understood section. Rabarijaona revisited divergences Cayratia Juss. Vitaceae close relatives Cayratieae J.Wen L.M.Lu (Wen 2018), broadly Madagascar. evidence, authors genus, Afrocayratia J.Wen, L.M.Lu, Z.D.Chen revision untimely passing big science dear friend us, organizing emotional process us. hope will help inspire colleagues carrying spirit promote Century

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