Current Understanding of Equine Gut Dysbiosis and Microbiota Manipulation Techniques: Comparison with Current Knowledge in Other Species
Animals,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(5), С. 758 - 758
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
Understanding
the
importance
of
intestinal
microbiota
in
horses
and
factors
influencing
its
composition
have
been
focus
many
studies
over
past
few
years.
Factors
such
as
age,
diet,
antibiotic
administration,
geographic
location
can
affect
gut
microbiota.
The
intra-
inter-individual
variability
fecal
complicates
interpretation
has
hindered
establishment
a
clear
definition
for
dysbiosis.
Although
definitive
causal
relationship
between
dysbiosis
diseases
not
clearly
identified,
recent
research
suggests
that
may
play
role
pathogenesis
various
conditions,
colitis
asthma.
Prebiotics,
probiotics,
transplantation
to
modulate
horse’s
gastrointestinal
tract
eventually
be
considered
valuable
tool
preventing
or
treating
diseases,
antibiotic-induced
colitis.
This
article
aims
summarize
current
knowledge
on
composition,
also
review
published
literature
methods
detecting
while
discussing
efficacy
manipulation
horses.
Язык: Английский
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Analysis of Trimethoprim Andsulfamethoxazole for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infection Afterintravascular and Per Oral Administration in Thoroughbred Horses
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Assessing changes to the fecal microbiota in dogs undergoing elective orthopedic surgery: A preliminary investigation
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
20(6), С. e0325163 - e0325163
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2025
Background
Studies
assessing
the
impact
of
surgery
on
canine
gut
microbiota
are
limited.
This
study
assessed
fecal
before
and
up
to
3
months
after
elective
orthopedic
surgery.
Methods
Fourteen
client-owned
dogs
>1
year
age
undergoing
were
recruited.
Dogs
received
perioperative
antibiotics
only
(perioperative
cefazolin,
n
=
7)
or
discharged
with
oral
cephalexin
following
for
5–7
days
(n
in
conjunction
antibiotics.
Fecal
samples
collected
at
baseline
recheck
1
(13–50
post-operatively)
2
(55–90
post-operatively).
The
was
analyzed
using
16S
amplicon
sequencing.
Alpha
diversity
Sobs
Index,
Shannon
Diversity
Inverse
Simpson
whereas
beta
Bray-Curtis
Index
Jaccard
Index.
Results
In
post-operative
antibiotic
groups,
differed
between
(p
<
0.05),
but
not
>
0.05).
significantly
different
0.02)
both
groups.
rechecks
compared
0.05)
group
that
Both
Bray
Curtis
prescription
types
0.001)
although
measures
alpha
Conclusions
Alterations
community
structure,
richness,
identified
surgery,
many
changes
persisting
least
2–3
post-operatively
receiving
and/or
Язык: Английский
Longitudinal effects of oral administration of antimicrobial drugs on fecal microbiota of horses
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
37(6), С. 2562 - 2572
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2023
Antimicrobial
drug-associated
diarrhea
(AAD)
is
the
most
common
adverse
effect
in
horses
receiving
antimicrobials.
Little
information
on
how
oral
administration
of
antimicrobials
alters
intestinal
microbiota
available.Investigate
changes
fecal
response
to
antimicrobials.Twenty
healthy
horses.Prospective,
longitudinal
study.
Horses
were
randomly
assigned
4
groups
comprising
each:
group
1
(metronidazole);
2
(erythromycin);
3
(doxycycline);
(sulfadiazine/trimethoprim,
SMZ-TMP);
and
5
(control).
Antimicrobials
administered
for
days.
Fecal
samples
obtained
before
(day
0)
at
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
30
days
study
period.
was
characterized
by
high
throughput
sequencing
V4
region
16S
rRNA.Horses
remained
throughout
Richness
diversity
doxycycline,
erythromycin,
metronidazole,
but
not
SMZ-TMP
groups,
significantly
lower
(P
<
.05)
multiple
time
points
after
compared
with
from
day
0.
Main
observed
during
antimicrobial
2-5;
weighted
unweighted
UniFrac
PERMANOVA
P
.05).
Administration
doxycycline
and,
a
lesser
extent,
metronidazole
produced
pronounced
alteration
0
decreasing
abundance
Treponema,
Fibrobacter,
Lachnospiraceae
increasing
Fusobacterium
Escherichia-Shigella.Oral
resembling
dysbiosis,
potentially
resulting
inflammation
predisposition
diarrhea.
Язык: Английский
Reproductive Tract Microbiota of Mares
Veterinary Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(7), С. 324 - 324
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024
The
female
reproductive
tract
microbiota
is
a
complex
community
of
microorganisms
that
might
be
crucial
in
maintaining
healthy
environment.
Imbalances
the
bacterial
(dysbiosis)
and
reduction
beneficial
organisms
pathogen
proliferation
are
associated
with
disease.
Endometritis
common
cause
fertility
problems
mares,
it
still
challenging
to
diagnose
treat
based
on
routine
culture
results
certain
microorganisms.
Although
high-throughput
sequencing
studies
provide
helpful
information
regarding
composition
there
challenges
defining
“normal”
microbiota.
primary
objective
this
literature
review
summarize
current
knowledge
present
including
vagina,
cervix,
uterus.
second
describe
relevant
factors
can
impact
estrous
cycle
stage,
type
species
(genera)
investigated,
season,
geographic
location.
rationality
identifying
normal
mare
will
likely
aid
understanding
host’s
health
contribute
treatment
prevention
equine
sub
infertility
issues.
Язык: Английский
In adult horses with diarrhoea, does faecal microbiota transplantation in addition to standard treatments improve the outcomes compared to standard treatments alone?
Equine Veterinary Education,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Май 8, 2024
Summary
Acute
diarrhoea
due
to
colitis/typhlocolitis
is
a
life‐threatening
disease
of
adult
horses
that
both
diagnostic
and
therapeutic
challenge.
Treatments
are
predominantly
supportive,
including
fluid
therapy,
colloid
oncotic
support
nutritional
support.
There
lack
specific
effective
therapies
for
equine
colitis,
providing
challenge
in
practice
the
prevention
serious
fatal
complications.
Faecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
involves
transfer
faecal
bacteria
other
microbes
from
healthy
individual
into
another
individual,
with
aim
restoring
gut
often
used
as
‘last
resort’
therapy.
This
procedure
has
been
recommended
treatment
acute
proven
efficacy
some
cases
people.
critically
appraised
topic
reviewed
published
literature
on
outcomes
associated
affected
by
diarrhoea/colitis.
Only
six
studies
met
inclusion
criteria
(including
one
systematic
review).
The
found
varying
results
regarding
FMT
colitis/diarrhoea
horse
but
overall
there
was
weak
evidence
use
addition
standard
treatments
management
although
further
controlled
defined
categories
required.
Язык: Английский
Effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on clinical outcomes and fecal microbiota of foals with diarrhea
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024
Abstract
Background
Diarrhea
in
foals
can
be
associated
with
disruption
of
the
intestinal
microbiota
(dysbiosis).
Effective
management
dysbiosis
has
not
been
demonstrated.
Hypothesis/Objectives
Fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
diarrhea
influences
and
improves
clinical
clinicopathological
outcomes.
Animals
Twenty‐five
<6
months
age
systemic
inflammatory
response
syndrome
at
3
veterinary
hospitals.
Methods
A
prospective
randomized
placebo‐controlled
cohort
study.
Foals
FMT
group
(n
=
19)
or
control
9)
received
electrolyte
solution
once
daily
for
days.
samples
were
obtained
on
Day
0
(D0),
D1,
D2,
D3,
D7.
Within
between
data
analyses
performed
clinical,
clinicopathological,
variables.
Results
Treatment
had
no
effect
survival
(FMT
79%;
100%,
P
.3)
resolution
68%;
55%,
.4).
On
white
blood
cell
count
was
lower
than
(D3
median
6.4
g/L
[5‐8.3
g/L];
D3
14.3
[6.7‐18.9
g/L]
.04).
Heart
rate
reduced
over
time
(D0
80
bpm
[60‐150
bpm];
D2
70
[52‐110
bpm]
[
.005];
64,
[54‐102
<
.001]).
Phylum
Verrucomicrobiota,
genus
Akkermansia
,
family
Prevotellaceae
enriched
D1
(linear
discriminate
analysis
>
4).
Conclusions
Clinical
Importance
In
diarrhea,
appears
safe
some
changes
suggestive
beneficial
effect.
Язык: Английский
Miscellaneous Antimicrobials
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
Effects of orally administered clioquinol on the fecal microbiome of horses
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
39(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2024
Abstract
Background
Whereas
restoration
of
fecal
consistency
after
treatment
with
clioquinol
for
chronic
diarrhea
and
free
water
syndrome
has
been
attributed
to
its
antiprotozoal
properties,
actions
on
the
colonic
bacterial
microbiota
have
not
investigated.
Objectives
Characterize
dynamics
microbial
diversity
before,
during,
PO
administration
healthy
horses.
Study
Design
Experimental
prospective
cohort
study
using
a
single
horse
group.
Methods
Eight
adult
horses
received
(10
g,
daily)
7
days.
Feces
were
obtained
daily
days
conclusion
treatment,
again
3
months
later.
Libraries
16S
rRNA
V4
region
amplicons
generated
from
DNA
sequenced
Illumina
sequencing
platform.
Bioinformatic
analysis
was
undertaken
QIIME2
statistical
analyses
included
variance
(ANOVA)
permutational
multivariate
ANOVA
(PERMANOVA).
Results
The
richness
composition
microbiome
altered
clioquinol,
reaching
maximum
effect
by
fifth
day
administration.
Changes
90%
decrease
in
richness,
compensatory
expansion
facultative
anaerobes
including
Streptococcaceae
,
Enterococcaceae
Enterobacteriaceae
.
Multiple
had
Salmonella
cultured
feces.
Main
Limitations
lack
control
group
modest
sample
size
are
obviated
robust
longitudinal
design
strong
associated
drug
exposure.
Conclusions
Clioquinol
broad‐spectrum
antibacterial
effects
horses,
but
spares
certain
families
several
pathogens
pathobionts.
should
be
used
caution
an
environment
contamination
pathogens.
Язык: Английский