Is there an association between zinc and COVID‐19–associated mucormycosis? Results of an experimental and clinical study DOI Open Access
Valliappan Muthu, Mohan Kumar, Raees A. Paul

и другие.

Mycoses, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 64(10), С. 1291 - 1297

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2021

Abstract Background The enormous increase in COVID‐19–associated mucormycosis (CAM) India lacks an explanation. Zinc supplementation during COVID‐19 management is speculated as a contributor to mucormycosis. We conducted experimental and clinical study explore the association of zinc Methods inoculated pure isolates Rhizopus arrhizus obtained from subjects with CAM on dichloran rose Bengal chloramphenicol (DRBC) agar enriched (three different concentrations) without zinc. At 24 h, we counted viable colonies measured dry weight at 24, 48 72 h. also compared features serum levels 29 cases 28 (controls). Results tested eight R noted visible growth zinc‐enriched media. A count percentage showed significantly increased four zinc‐augmented DRBC agar. time‐ concentration‐dependent mean fungal biomass was observed all three tested. enrolled controls. concentration below reference range not between Conclusions Half grew better enrichment vitro. However, our does conclusively support hypothesis that contributed pathogenesis More data, both vitro vivo, may resolve role CAM.

Язык: Английский

Pathogenesis of Respiratory Viral and Fungal Coinfections DOI
Fabián Salazar, Elaine Bignell, Gordon D. Brown

и другие.

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2021

Individuals suffering from severe viral respiratory tract infections have recently emerged as "at risk" groups for developing invasive fungal infections. Influenza virus is one of the most common causes acute lower worldwide. Fungal complicating influenza pneumonia are associated with increased disease severity and mortality, pulmonary aspergillosis being manifestation. Strikingly, similar observations been made during current coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The copathogenesis coinfections complex involves a dynamic interplay between host immune defenses virulence microbes involved that often results in failure to return homeostasis. In this review, we discuss main mechanisms underlying susceptibility following A comprehensive understanding these interactions will aid development therapeutic modalities against newly identified targets prevent treat emerging coinfections.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

63
Current treatments against mucormycosis and future directions DOI Creative Commons

Courtney Smith,

Soo Chan Lee

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(10), С. e1010858 - e1010858

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2022

Mucormycosis (previously called zygomycosis) is a serious but rare fungal infection caused by group of fungi belonging to the order Mucorales. These molds exist throughout environment and generally do not cause problems in humans. mainly affects individuals who are immunocompromised. The clinical manifestations mucormycosis wide-ranging; they include sinusitis (pansinusitis, rhino-orbital, or rhino-cerebral) as well cutaneous, gastrointestinal, pulmonary, disseminate infections. Many uncertainties remain regarding how control these infections despite recent addition triazoles antifungal arsenal for treating this infection. Currently, lipid formulations amphotericin B have become standard treatment due their efficiency. Moreover, growing body data supports need surgical excision infected and/or necrosed tissue whenever practical. In mini review, current status options studies novel therapeutic will be presented.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

48
Immunity to fungi in the lung DOI Creative Commons
Lena J. Heung,

Darin L. Wiesner,

Keyi Wang

и другие.

Seminars in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66, С. 101728 - 101728

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

41
Fungal infection profile in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective study at a large teaching hospital in a middle-income country DOI Creative Commons
Essamedin M. Negm, Mohamed Sorour Mohamed,

Rehab Ahmed Rabie

и другие.

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2023

Critically ill COVID-19 patients are highly susceptible to opportunistic fungal infection due many factors, including virus-induced immune dysregulation, host-related comorbidities, overuse and misuse of antibiotics or corticosteroids, modulator drugs, the emergencies caused by pandemic. This study aimed assess incidence, identify potential risk examine impact coinfection on outcomes admitted intensive care unit (ICU).A prospective cohort 253 critically aged 18 years older isolation ICU Zagazig University Hospitals over a 4-month period from May 2021 August was conducted. The detection carried out.Eighty-three (83) (32.8%) were diagnosed with coinfection. Candida most frequently isolated fungus in 61 (24.1%) patients, followed molds, which included Aspergillus 11 (4.3%) mucormycosis five (1.97%), six (2.4%) other rare fungi. Poor diabetic control, prolonged high-dose steroids, multiple comorbidities all possible factors for [OR (95% CI) = 10.21 (3.43-30.39), 14.1 (5.67-35.10), 14.57 (5.83-33.78), 4.57 (1.83-14.88), respectively].Fungal is common complication ICU. Candidiasis, aspergillosis, COVID-19-associated infections have great mortality rates.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

34
Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections? DOI Creative Commons
Jeffrey D. Jenks, Chioma Inyang Aneke, Mohanad Al‐Obaidi

и другие.

PLoS Pathogens, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(1), С. e1011025 - e1011025

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

Racial and ethnic identities, largely understood as social rather than biologic constructs, may impact risk for acquiring infectious diseases, including fungal infections. Risk factors include genetic immunologic differences such aberrations in host immune response, polymorphisms, epigenomic stemming from environmental exposures underlying determinants of health. In addition, certain racial groups be predisposed to diseases that increase infections, well disparities healthcare access health insurance. this review, we analyzed identities race ethnicity they relate severe disease invasive mold infections aspergillosis appear related health, although polymorphisms contribute some circumstances. Although black African American individuals at high superficial Candida cryptococcosis, the reasons are unclear underling healthcare, other socioeconomic disparities. all endemic fungi likely socioeconomic, disparities, mechanisms play a role well, particularly disseminated coccidioidomycosis.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

31
Social determinants of health as drivers of fungal disease DOI Creative Commons
Jeffrey D. Jenks, Juergen Prattes, Sebastian Wurster

и другие.

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66, С. 102325 - 102325

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023

Disparities in social determinants of health (SDOH) play a significant role causing inequities globally. The physical environment, including housing and workplace can increase the prevalence spread fungal infections. A number professions are associated with increased infection risk low pay, which may be linked to crowded sub-optimal living conditions, exposure organisms, lack access quality care, for infection. Those involved displaced from areas armed conflict have an invasive Lastly, plant pathogens already threaten food security, will become more problematic global climate change. Taken together, disparities SDOH contracting More emphasis needs placed on systematic approaches better understand impact reducing these disparities.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

28
Epidemiology and prognostic factors of mucormycosis in France (2012–2022): a cross-sectional study nested in a prospective surveillance programme DOI Creative Commons
Laura Gouzien,

Didier Che,

Sophie Cassaing

и другие.

The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 45, С. 101010 - 101010

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Results from a national survey on COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis in Germany: 13 patients from six tertiary hospitals DOI Creative Commons
Danila Seidel, Michaela Simon, Rosanne Sprute

и другие.

Mycoses, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 65(1), С. 103 - 109

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

Most COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) cases are reported from India and neighbouring countries. Anecdotally Europe have been presented.To estimate the disease burden describe clinical presentation of CAM in Germany.We identified through German mycology networks scientific societies, collected anonymised information via FungiScope®.We 13 six tertiary referral hospitals diagnosed between March 2020 June 2021. Twelve patients had severe or critical COVID-19, eleven were mechanically ventilated for a median 8 days (range 1-27 days) before diagnosis CAM. Eleven received systemic corticosteroids. Additional underlying medical conditions all but one patient, five immunocompromised because malignancy organ transplantation, three diabetic. developed pneumonia. Mortality was 53.8% with time to death 9 0-214 despite treatment liposomal amphotericin B and/or isavuconazole 10 cases. prevalence amongst hospitalised COVID-19 overall (0.67% 0.58% two centres) those admitted intensive care unit (ICU) (1.47%, 1.78% 0.15% significantly higher compared non-COVID-19 (P < .001 respective comparisons).COVID-19-associated is rare Germany, mostly comorbidities impaired immune system treated ICU high mortality mainly rhino-orbito-cerebral mild India. Risk than other patients.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

51
Connecting the Dots: Interplay of Pathogenic Mechanisms between COVID-19 Disease and Mucormycosis DOI Creative Commons
Hariprasath Prakash, Anna Skiada, Raees A. Paul

и другие.

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(8), С. 616 - 616

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2021

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging threat globally, especially in India. More than 40,000 CAM cases have been reported The emergence of India has attributed to environmental, host, and iatrogenic factors. Mucorales spore burden globally; however, their presence higher tropical countries such as India, contributing the CAM. Before COVID-19 pandemic, patients with diabetes mellitus, haematological malignancies, solid organ transplants, corticosteroid therapy neutropenia were more prone mucormycosis, whereas patients, virus-induced endothelial dysfunction, hyperglycaemia, immune dysfunction following use increase risk acquiring mucormycosis. interaction spores epithelial cells, followed by invasion, a crucial step pathogenesis Endothelial damage increased receptor expression induced infection may predispose directly induce hyperglycaemia damaging beta cells pancreas or therapy, which contribute pathogenesis. Iron acquisition from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) deferoxamine important virulence trait Mucorales. Similarly, hyperferritinaemia caused act source iron for growth invasion. In addition, treatment reduces abolishes innate functions phagocytic This review aims discuss primarily host factors shared between that could explain

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

50
COVID-19 associated mucormycosis – An emerging threat DOI Creative Commons
Chien‐Ming Chao, Chih‐Cheng Lai, Wen‐Liang Yu

и другие.

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 55(2), С. 183 - 190

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly become a global threaten since its emergence in the end of 2019. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 infection could also present with co-infection or secondary other virus, bacteria, fungi. Among them, mucormycosis is rare but aggressive fungal and it mainly affects patients particularly poorly controlled diabetes mellitus diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We here did comprehensive review literature reporting COVID-19 associated (CAM) cases, which have been reported worldwide. The prevalence higher India, Iran, Egypt than countries, highest states Gujarat Maharashtra India. Poor control administration systemic corticosteroids are common precipitating factors causing critical patients. In addition, itself may affect immune system resulting vulnerability to mucormycosis. Appropriate treatments CAM include strict glycemic control, extensive surgical debridement, antifungal therapy amphotericin B formulations.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

33