COVID-19-associated fungal infections

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(8), С. 1127 - 1140

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Multicenter Case–Control Study of COVID-19–Associated Mucormycosis Outbreak, India

Emerging infectious diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 29(1), С. 8 - 19

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Abstract We performed a case–control study across 25 hospitals in India for the period of January–June 2021 to evaluate reasons an COVID-19–associated mucormycosis (CAM) outbreak. investigated whether COVID-19 treatment practices (glucocorticoids, zinc, tocilizumab, and others) were associated with CAM. included 1,733 cases CAM 3,911 age-matched controls. found cumulative glucocorticoid dose (odds ratio [OR] 1.006, 95% CI 1.004–1.007) zinc supplementation (OR 2.76, 2.24–3.40), along elevated C-reactive protein 1.004, 1.002–1.006), host factors (renal transplantation [OR 7.58, 3.31–17.40], diabetes mellitus 6.72, 5.45–8.28], diabetic ketoacidosis during 4.41, 2.03–9.60]), rural residence 2.88, 2.12–3.79), significantly Mortality rate at 12 weeks was 32.2% (473/1,471). emphasize judicious use therapies optimal glycemic control prevent

Язык: Английский

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Definition, diagnosis, and management of COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis: Delphi consensus statement from the Fungal Infection Study Forum and Academy of Pulmonary Sciences, India

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(9), С. e240 - e253

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2022

Язык: Английский

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What Is New in Pulmonary Mucormycosis?

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(3), С. 307 - 307

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2023

Mucormycosis is a rare but life-threatening fungal infection due to molds of the order Mucorales. The incidence has been increasing over recent decades. Worldwide, pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) presents in lungs, which are third main location for after rhino-orbito-cerebral (ROC) areas and skin. risk factors PM include hematological malignancies solid organ transplantation, whereas ROC infections classically favored by diabetes mellitus. differences between locations possibly explained activation different mammalian receptors—GRP78 nasal epithelial cells integrin β1 alveolar cells—in response Alveolar macrophages neutrophils play key role host defense against diagnosis relies on CT scans, cultures, PCR tests, histology. reversed halo sign an early, very suggestive, neutropenic patients. Recently, serum test showed encouraging performance follow-up mucormycosis. Liposomal amphotericin B drug choice first-line therapy, together with correction underlying disease surgery when feasible. After stable or partial response, step-down treatment includes oral isavuconazole posaconazole delayed release tablets until complete achieved. Secondary prophylaxis should be discussed there any relapse, such as persistence neutropenia prolonged use high-dose immunosuppressive therapy. Despite these novelties, mortality rate from remains higher than 50%. Therefore, future research must define place combination therapy adjunctive treatments, while development new treatments necessary.

Язык: Английский

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Results from a national survey on COVID‐19‐associated mucormycosis in Germany: 13 patients from six tertiary hospitals

Mycoses, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 65(1), С. 103 - 109

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2021

Most COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) cases are reported from India and neighbouring countries. Anecdotally Europe have been presented.To estimate the disease burden describe clinical presentation of CAM in Germany.We identified through German mycology networks scientific societies, collected anonymised information via FungiScope®.We 13 six tertiary referral hospitals diagnosed between March 2020 June 2021. Twelve patients had severe or critical COVID-19, eleven were mechanically ventilated for a median 8 days (range 1-27 days) before diagnosis CAM. Eleven received systemic corticosteroids. Additional underlying medical conditions all but one patient, five immunocompromised because malignancy organ transplantation, three diabetic. developed pneumonia. Mortality was 53.8% with time to death 9 0-214 despite treatment liposomal amphotericin B and/or isavuconazole 10 cases. prevalence amongst hospitalised COVID-19 overall (0.67% 0.58% two centres) those admitted intensive care unit (ICU) (1.47%, 1.78% 0.15% significantly higher compared non-COVID-19 (P < .001 respective comparisons).COVID-19-associated is rare Germany, mostly comorbidities impaired immune system treated ICU high mortality mainly rhino-orbito-cerebral mild India. Risk than other patients.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical Features and Mortality of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Mycopathologia, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 187(2-3), С. 271 - 289

Опубликована: Март 21, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Incidence and Mortality of COVID-19-Associated Invasive Fungal Infections Among Critically Ill Intubated Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Analysis

Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(4)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Abstract Background An association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated invasive fungal infections (CAIFIs) and high mortality among intubated patients has been suggested in previous research. However, some of the current evidence was derived from small case series multicenter studies conducted during different waves COVID-19 pandemic. We examined incidence CAIFIs their associated using a large, database built throughout Methods retrospective analysis National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) collected 76 medical centers United States January 2020 August 2022. Patients were 18 years or older after severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 infection. The primary outcomes all-cause at 90 days. To assess mortality, we fitted Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for confounders via inverse probability weighting. Results Out 4 916 229 with diagnosed study period, 68 383 (1.4%) met our cohort definition. overall CAIFI 2.80% (n = 1934/68 383). Aspergillus (48.2%; n 933/1934) Candida (41.0%; 793/1934) most common causative organisms. who underwent BAL 6.2% 83/1328). Following weighting, caused by (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0; 95% CI, 1.8–2.2) (HR, 1.7; 1.5–1.9) increased mortality. Systemic antifungals reduced 17% 24% Candida. Conclusions modest but higher 90-day patients. modified

Язык: Английский

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Mucormycosis in the COVID-19 Environment: A Multifaceted Complication

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022

The second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused severe infections with high mortality. An increase in the cases COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) was reported predominantly India. Commonly present immunocompromised individuals, is often a life-threatening condition. Confounding factors and molecular mechanisms associated CAM are still not well understood, there need for careful research this direction. In review, brief account diagnosis, management, advancement drug discovery has been provided. Here, we summarize major that dictate occurrence COVID-19 patients through analysis published literature case reports. Major predisposing to appear be uncontrolled diabetes, steroid therapy, certain cancers. At level, increased levels iron might contribute mucormycosis. We have also discussed potential role regulation metabolism establishing fungal growth. Other including diabetes prevalence spore burden India as contributing discussed.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 associated mold infections: Review of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis

Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(3), С. 442 - 454

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

COVID-19-associated mold infection (CAMI) is defined as development of infections in COVID-19 patients. Co-pathogenesis viral and fungal include the disruption tissue barrier following SARS CoV-2 with damage alveolar space, respiratory epithelium endothelium injury overwhelming inflammation immune dysregulation during severe COVID-19. Other predisposing risk factors permissive to administration modulators such corticosteroids IL-6 antagonist. pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) mucormycosis (CAM) increasingly reported pandemic. CAPA usually developed within first month COVID infection, CAM frequently arose 10-15 days post diagnosis Diagnosis challenging often indistinguishable cytokine storm COVID-19, several diagnostic criteria have been proposed. Development associated a high mortality despiteappropriate anti-mold therapy. Both isavuconazole amphotericin B can be used for treatment CAM; voriconazole primary agent posaconazole an alternative CAM. Aggressive surgery recommended improve patient survival. A index suspicion timely appropriate crucial outcome.

Язык: Английский

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Risk factors, mortality, and predictors of survival in COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis: a multicentre retrospective study from India

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(3), С. 368 - 374

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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