Alternative Biome States in Terrestrial Ecosystems

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 25(3), С. 250 - 263

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Epicormic Resprouting in Fire-Prone Ecosystems

Trends in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 22(12), С. 1008 - 1015

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2017

Язык: Английский

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A functional trait database for Mediterranean Basin plants

Scientific Data, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Июль 10, 2018

Abstract Functional trait databases are emerging as crucial tools for a wide range of ecological studies across the world. Here, we provide database functional traits vascular plant species Mediterranean Basin. The includes 25,764 individual records 44 from 2,457 taxa distributed in 119 taxonomic families. This (BROT 2.0) is an updated and enlarged version previous 1.0; 8,263 records, 14 traits, 952 taxa). Trait data were obtained comprehensive literature review, plus some field experimental observations. All fully referenced and, many cases, include geographic coordinates. structured to different levels accuracy information each entry. BROT 2.0 should facilitate testing hypotheses on ecology within Basin, comparing this region with other ecosystems worldwide. its definitions can be used template creating similar regions

Язык: Английский

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Ancient grasslands guide ambitious goals in grassland restoration

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 377(6606), С. 594 - 598

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2022

Grasslands, which constitute almost 40% of the terrestrial biosphere, provide habitat for a great diversity animals and plants contribute to livelihoods more than 1 billion people worldwide. Whereas destruction degradation grasslands can occur rapidly, recent work indicates that complete recovery biodiversity essential functions occurs slowly or not at all. Grassland restoration-interventions speed guide this recovery-has received less attention restoration forested ecosystems, often due prevailing assumption are recently formed habitats reassemble quickly. Viewing grassland as long-term assembly toward old-growth endpoints, with appreciation feedbacks threshold shifts, will be crucial recognizing when how globally important ecosystem.

Язык: Английский

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The diversity of post‐fire regeneration strategies in the cerrado ground layer

Journal of Ecology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 109(1), С. 154 - 166

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2020

Abstract Disentangling species strategies that confer resilience to natural disturbances is key conserving and restoring savanna ecosystems. Fire a recurrent disturbance in savannas, vegetation highly adapted often dependent on fire. However, although the woody component of tropical savannas well studied, we still do not understand how ground‐layer plant communities respond fire, limiting conservation management actions. We investigated effects prescribed fire community structure composition, evaluated which traits are involved regeneration after cerrado ground layer. assessed related persistence colonization capacity including resprouter type, underground structure, fire‐induced flowering, strategy growth form. searched for functional groups response shed light main post‐fire recovery among changed composition short term, leading greater richness, population densities increasing bare soil, compared with unburned communities. Eight months abundance did differ from pre‐disturbance values 86% species, demonstrating this layer Only one ruderal was disadvantaged by 13% benefited. Rapid soil cover native burned areas driven high resprout spread vegetatively. Recovery community, as whole, resulted combination different traits. summarized these into five large groups, encompassing Synthesis . dramatically changes but system resilient, quickly recovering pre‐fire state. involves strategies, categorized species: grasses , seeders bloomers undergrounders resprouters Knowledge diverse should be used tool assess restoration status fire‐resilient ecosystems cerrado.

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary Ecology of Fire

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 53(1), С. 203 - 225

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2022

Fire has been an ecosystem process since plants colonized land over 400 million years ago. Many diverse traits provide a fitness benefit following fires, and these adaptive vary with the fire regime. Some of enhance survival, while others promote recruitment in postfire environment. Demonstrating that are adaptations is challenging, many arose early paleontological record, although increasingly better fossil records phylogenetic analysis make timing trait origins to more certain. Resprouting from base stems most widely distributed fire-adaptive trait, it likely have evolved under diversity disturbance types. The other like serotiny, thick bark, fire-stimulated germination, flowering tightly linked fire. Fire-adaptive occur environments: boreal temperate forests, Mediterranean-type climate (MTC) shrublands, savannas, grasslands. MTC ecosystems distinct taxa different regions lost resprouting ability depend solely on for recovery. This obligate seeding mode perhaps vulnerable syndrome face current global change, particularly light increasing anthropogenic frequency.

Язык: Английский

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Belowground plant functional ecology: Towards an integrated perspective

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 32(9), С. 2115 - 2126

Опубликована: Май 22, 2018

Abstract In recent years, belowground plant ecology has experienced a booming interest. This resulted in major advances towards greater understanding of and ecosystem functioning focused on fine roots, mycorrhizal associations nutrient acquisition. Despite this, other important functions (e.g., on‐spot persistence, space occupancy, resprouting after biomass removal) exerted by different organs rhizomes, bulbs) remain largely unexplored. Here, we propose framework providing comprehensive perspective the entire set functions. We suggest compartment‐based approach. identify two compartments, that is, acquisitive nonacquisitive, associated with allocation into these Also, recommend nonacquisitive compartment to be divided structural functional roles carried out such as sharing resources, occupancy) nonstructural carbohydrates reserve affecting ability, protection against climate adversity) subcompartments. discuss methodological challenges—and their possible solutions—posed changes across growth forms ontogenetic stages, relation partitioning turnover. urge implementation methods approaches considering all compartments. way, would make sure key, yet less‐studied incorporated research agenda. The potential advance relations trade‐offs between organs. At last, four areas where using proposed approach particularly important, namely (a) scaling, (b) clonality‐resource acquisition relations, (c) linkages changing environmental conditions (d) carbon sequestration. A plain language summary is available for this article.

Язык: Английский

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High plant diversity and slow assembly of old-growth grasslands

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(31), С. 18550 - 18556

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2020

Significance The idea that grasslands can be ancient, particularly in climates also support forests, is not widely recognized. Consequently, scientists and conservation planners often misinterpret old-growth to low-diversity, successional vegetation, from which little lost through conversion tillage agriculture or tree plantations. We used a global analysis of herbaceous plant communities show after are destroyed, the recovery diversity requires hundreds thousands years. Such slow rates underscore need replace outdated models forest succession with emphasize importance fire, herbivory, long periods time grassland biodiversity. This study offers evidence grasslands, like should prioritized for conservation.

Язык: Английский

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Fire and Plant Diversification in Mediterranean-Climate Regions

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2018

Despite decades of broad interest in global patterns biodiversity, little attention has been given to understanding the remarkable levels plant diversity present world’s five mediterranean-type climate (MTC) regions, all which are considered be biodiversity hotspots. Comprising Mediterranean Basin, California, central Chile, Cape Region South Africa, and southwestern Australia, these regions share unusual climatic regime mild wet winters warm dry summers. their small extent, covering only about 2.2% world land area, home approximately one-sixth vascular flora. The onset MTCs middle Miocene brought summer drought, a novel condition, but also recurrent fire. Fire significant agent selection assembling modern floras four MTC with Chile an exception following uplift Andes Miocene. Selection for persistence fire-prone environment as key causal factor species diversification under-appreciated or ignored. Mechanisms fire-driven speciation diverse may include both directional (novel traits) stabilizing (retained appropriate morphological life history traits. Both museum nursery hypotheses have important relevance explaining extant richness floras, fire strong stimulant manner distinct from other temperate floras. Spatial temporal niche separation across topographic, edaphic gradients occurred regions. seen nurseries not spectacular rates Neogene diversification, while older landscapes Australia show components Paleogene younger diversity. Low extinction suggesting long association more than high richness.

Язык: Английский

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Handbook of standardized protocols for collecting plant modularity traits

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 40, С. 125485 - 125485

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2019

Язык: Английский

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