Developing climate‐resilient crops: improving plant tolerance to stress combination

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 109(2), С. 373 - 389

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2021

SUMMARY Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency intensity of different abiotic stresses, such as droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, flooding, negatively affecting crop yields causing food shortages. Climate is also altering composition behavior insect pathogen populations adding to yield losses worldwide. Additional constraints agriculture caused by increasing amounts human‐generated pollutants, well negative impact on soil microbiomes. Although laboratory, we trained study individual stress conditions plants, field many pests could simultaneously or sequentially affect combination. Because expected combination events (e.g., waves combined with drought, other and/or pathogens), a concentrated effort needed how crops. This need particularly critical, studies have shown that response plants unique cannot be predicted from simply studying each stresses part Strategies enhance tolerance particular may therefore fail this specific stress, when factors. Here review recent combinations propose new approaches avenues for development combination‐ change‐resilient

Язык: Английский

---

Plants’ Response to Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(13), С. 10915 - 10915

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

Abiotic stress is the adverse effect of any abiotic factor on a plant in given environment, impacting plants' growth and development. These factors, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, are often interrelated or conjunction with each other. Plants have evolved mechanisms to sense these environmental challenges make adjustments their order survive reproduce. In this review, we summarized recent studies sensing its regulatory mechanism, emphasizing signal transduction regulation at multiple levels. Then presented several strategies improve under based current progress. Finally, discussed implications research response stresses for high-yielding crops agricultural sustainability. Studying signaling critical understand responses plants generate stress-resistant

Язык: Английский

---

Burning questions for a warming and changing world: 15 unknowns in plant abiotic stress

The Plant Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 35(1), С. 67 - 108

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2022

We present unresolved questions in plant abiotic stress biology as posed by 15 research groups with expertise spanning eco-physiology to cell and molecular biology. Common themes of these include the need better understand how plants detect water availability, temperature, salinity, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels; environmental signals interface endogenous signaling development (e.g. circadian clock flowering time); this integrated controls downstream responses stomatal regulation, proline metabolism, growth versus defense balance). The plasma membrane comes up frequently a site key transport events mechanosensing lipid-derived signaling, aquaporins). Adaptation extremes CO2 affects hydraulic architecture transpiration, well root shoot morphology, ways not fully understood. Environmental adaptation involves tradeoffs that limit ecological distribution crop resilience face changing increasingly unpredictable environments. Exploration diversity within among species can help us know which represent fundamental limits ones be circumvented bringing new trait combinations together. Better defining what constitutes beneficial resistance different contexts making connections between genes phenotypes, laboratory field observations, are overarching challenges.

Язык: Английский

---

Differential regulation of flower transpiration during abiotic stress in annual plants

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 235(2), С. 611 - 629

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2022

Heat waves occurring during droughts can have a devastating impact on yield, especially if they happen the flowering and seed set stages of crop cycle. Global warming climate change are driving an alarming increase in frequency intensity combined drought heat stress episodes, critically threatening global food security. Because high temperature is detrimental to reproductive processes, essential for plant we measured inner temperature, transpiration, sepal stomatal aperture, hormone concentrations transcriptomic response closed soybean flowers developing plants subjected combination stress. Here, report that, stress, prioritize transpiration through over leaves by opening their flower stomata, while keeping leaf stomata closed. This acclimation strategy, termed 'differential transpiration', lowers about 2-3°C, protecting processes at expense vegetative tissues. Manipulating regulation, size and/or density could serve as viable strategy enhance yield different crops mitigate some current future impacts agriculture.

Язык: Английский

---

Evolution and function of red pigmentation in land plants

Annals of Botany, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 130(5), С. 613 - 636

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2022

Abstract Background Land plants commonly produce red pigmentation as a response to environmental stressors, both abiotic and biotic. The type of pigment produced varies among different land plant lineages. In the majority species they are flavonoids, large branch phenylpropanoid pathway. Flavonoids that can confer colours include 3-hydroxyanthocyanins, 3-deoxyanthocyanins, sphagnorubins auronidins, which predominant pigments in flowering plants, ferns, mosses liverworts, respectively. However, some have lost capacity for anthocyanin biosynthesis nitrogen-containing betalain instead. Some terrestrial algal also an stress response, these carotenoid phenolic pigments. Scope this review, we examine: triggers induce non-reproductive tissues; theories on functions stress-induced pigmentation; evolution biosynthetic pathways; structure–function aspects types. We compare data with those algae, discuss possible explanations lack hornwort lineage plants. Conclusions evidence suggests pathways evolved numerous times provide compounds colour screen damaging photosynthetically active radiation but secondary specific benefits particular lineage.

Язык: Английский

---

Biological Parts for Engineering Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

BioDesign Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

It is vital to ramp up crop production dramatically by 2050 due the increasing global population and demand for food. However, with climate change projections showing that droughts heatwaves becoming common in much of globe, there a severe threat sharp decline yields. Thus, developing varieties inbuilt genetic tolerance environmental stresses urgently needed. Selective breeding based on diversity not keeping growing food feed. emergence contemporary plant engineering, genome-editing, synthetic biology offer precise tools crops can sustain productivity under stress conditions. Here, we summarize systems biology-level understanding regulatory pathways involved perception, signalling, protective processes activated response unfavourable The potential role noncoding RNAs regulation abiotic responses has also been highlighted. Further, examples imparting engineering are discussed. Additionally, provide perspectives rational design through list various bioparts be used gene circuits whose stress-protective functions switched on/off cues.

Язык: Английский

---

The circadian clock ticks in plant stress responses

Stress Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2022

Abstract The circadian clock, a time-keeping mechanism, drives nearly 24-h self-sustaining rhythms at the physiological, cellular, and molecular levels, keeping them synchronized with cyclic changes of environmental signals. plant clock is sensitive to external internal stress signals that act as timing cues influence through input pathways system. In order cope stresses, many core oscillators are involved in defense while maintaining daily growth various ways. Recent studies have shown hierarchical multi-oscillator network orchestrates rhythmic accumulation gene transcripts, alternative splicing mRNA precursors, modification turnover proteins, subcellular localization, stimuli-induced phase separation, long-distance transport proteins. This review summarizes essential role response stresses Arabidopsis thaliana crops, including seasonal abiotic (low or high temperature, drought, salinity, nutrition deficiency) biotic (pathogens herbivorous insects). By integrating mechanisms, resistance, we provide temporal perspective for scientists better understand adaptation breed high-quality crop germplasm agricultural production.

Язык: Английский

---

Application of nanotechnology and proteomic tools in crop development towards sustainable agriculture

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(3), С. 359 - 379

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2024

Abstract The increase in global population which translates to increased demand for food called urgent attention from key players and policy makers agricultural sector. Also, the effects of climate change its consequent biotic abiotic stresses plants has greatly affect sustainability agriculture production food. These challenges require novel sustainable approaches improve quality yield crops. vast application nanoparticles different fields study is attributed their distinct chemical physical characteristics. However, agriculture, limited because safety concern. Currently, research tailored response various nanoparticle treatments; however, these studies are inconclusive due knowledge on mechanisms plant–nanoparticle interactions. Recently, nanobiotechnology have taken a new dimension preliminary bioassay experiments more complex, research-oriented using omics tools. Changes protein expression caused by interaction at any developmental stages, or tissue types may be investigated suitable proteomics techniques. This review discussed applications nanotechnology proteomic tools plant growth development. Plant–nanoparticle interactions genetic engineering attain also discussed. Informative thorough understanding will serve as blueprint that enable scientist engineers develop biomarkers explore potential crop improvement.

Язык: Английский

---

Stress memory in crops: what we have learned so far

Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(3), С. 535 - 565

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Significance of ABA Biosynthesis in Plant Adaptation to Drought Stress

Journal of Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 67(3), С. 175 - 184

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

---