Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(23), С. R1246 - R1261

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Climate change threatens global food and nutritional security through negative effects on crop growth agricultural productivity. Many countries have adopted ambitious climate mitigation adaptation targets that will exacerbate the problem, as they require significant changes in current agri-food systems. In this review, we provide a roadmap for improved production encompasses effective transfer of knowledge into plant breeding management strategies underpin sustainable agriculture intensification resilience. We identify main problem areas highlight outstanding questions potential solutions can be applied to mitigate impacts Although translation scientific advances lags far behind technology, consider holistic approach, combining disciplines collaborative efforts, drive better connections between research, policy, needs society.

Язык: Английский

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The next era of crop domestication starts now

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(14)

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Current food systems are challenged by relying on a few input-intensive, staple crops. The prioritization of yield and the loss diversity during recent history domestication has created contemporary crops cropping that ecologically unsustainable, vulnerable to climate change, nutrient poor, socially inequitable. For decades, scientists have proposed as solution address these challenges global security. Here, we outline possibilities for new era crop domestication, focused broadening palette diversity, engages benefits three elements domestication: crops, ecosystems, humans. We explore how suite tools technologies at hand can be applied renew in existing improve underutilized domesticate bolster genetic, agroecosystem, system diversity. Implementing requires researchers, funders, policymakers boldly invest basic translational research. Humans need more diverse Anthropocene-the process help build them.

Язык: Английский

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Plant pangenomes for crop improvement, biodiversity and evolution

Nature Reviews Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(8), С. 563 - 577

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The role of pangenomics in orphan crop improvement

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Global food security depends heavily on a few staple crops, while orphan despite being less studied, offer the potential benefits of environmental adaptation and enhanced nutritional traits, especially in changing climate. Major crops have benefited from genomics-based breeding, initially using single genomes later pangenomes. Recent advances DNA sequencing enabled pangenome construction for several offering more comprehensive understanding genetic diversity. Orphan crop research has now entered pangenomics era applying these pangenomes with advanced selection methods genome editing technologies can transform neglected species into broader agricultural significance. A reference is not enough to harness full variation species. Here, authors review principles, applications improvement, discuss possible ways support pangenomics-driven molecular breeding.

Язык: Английский

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Redesigning crop varieties to win the race between climate change and food security

Molecular Plant, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(10), С. 1590 - 1611

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Climate change poses daunting challenges to agricultural production and food security. Rising temperatures, shifting weather patterns, more frequent extreme events have already demonstrated their effects on local, regional, global systems. Crop varieties that withstand climate-related stresses are suitable for cultivation in innovative cropping systems will be crucial maximize risk avoidance, productivity, profitability under climate-changed environments. We surveyed 588 expert stakeholders predict current novel traits may essential future pearl millet, sorghum, maize, groundnut, cowpea, common bean varieties, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. then review the progress prospects breeding three prioritized future-essential each of these crops. Experts most priorities remain important, but rates genetic gain must increase keep pace with climate consumer demands. Importantly, predicted include targets also prioritized; example, (1) optimized rhizosphere microbiome, benefits P, N, water use efficiency, (2) performance across or specific systems, (3) lower nighttime respiration, (4) improved stover quality, (5) increased early vigor. further discuss cutting-edge tools approaches discover, validate, incorporate diversity from exotic germplasm into populations unprecedented precision, accuracy, speed. conclude greatest challenge developing crop win race between security might our innovativeness defining boldness breed tomorrow.

Язык: Английский

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Chromosome-level genome assembly and population genomic resource to accelerate orphan crop lablab breeding

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Abstract Under-utilised orphan crops hold the key to diversified and climate-resilient food systems. Here, we report on crop genomics using case of Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet (lablab) - a legume native Africa cultivated throughout tropics for forage. Our Africa-led plant genome collaboration produces high-quality chromosome-scale assembly lablab genome. highlights organisation trypsin inhibitor genes an important anti-nutritional factor in lablab. We also re-sequence wild accessions from confirming two domestication events. Finally, examine genetic phenotypic diversity comprehensive germplasm collection identify genomic loci underlying variation agronomic traits The data generated here provide valuable resource improvement. inclusive collaborative approach presents example that can be explored by other researchers sequencing indigenous crops, particularly low middle-income countries (LMIC).

Язык: Английский

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Revitalization of small millets for nutritional and food security by advanced genetics and genomics approaches

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2023

Small millets, also known as nutri-cereals, are smart foods that expected to dominate food industries and diets achieve nutritional security. Nutri-cereals climate resilient nutritious. millet-based becoming popular in markets preferred for patients with celiac diabetes. These crops once ruled fodder but were pushed out of mainstream cultivation shifts dietary habits staple during the green revolution. Nevertheless, small millets rich micronutrients essential amino acids regulatory activities. Hence, international national organizations have recently aimed restore these lost their desirable traits. The major goal reviving is boost immune system upcoming generations tackle emerging pandemics disease infestations crops. Earlier periods civilization consumed crops, which had a greater significance ethnobotanical values. Along nutrition, possess therapeutic traits shown vast medicinal use tribal communities treatment diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal issues. This review highlights values cultural heritage, prospects. Furthermore, this dissects developing sustainable near future.

Язык: Английский

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Salt-tolerant alternative crops as sources of quality food to mitigate the negative impact of salinity on agricultural production

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023

An increase of abiotic stress tolerance and nutritive value foods is currently a priority because climate change rising world population. Among stresses, salt one the main problems in agriculture. Mounting urbanization industrialization, increasing global food demand, are pressing farmers to make use marginal lands affected by salinity low-quality saline water. In that situation, most promising approaches searching for new sources genetic variation like salt-tolerant alternative crops or underexploited crops. They generally less efficient than cultivated optimal conditions due lower yield but represent an stressful growth conditions. this review, we summarize advances achieved research on species differing their nature. First, highlight traditional varieties tomato landraces; selected developed smallholder adaptation local environments showing specific attractive fruit quality traits. We remark attained screening collection gathered Spanish Southeast, very productive region which environment extremely stressing. Second, explore opportunities exploiting natural halophytes, particular quinoa amaranth. The both becoming increasingly important issue, especially cultivation arid semiarid areas prone be salinity. Here present project where amaranth being adapted culture under targeting high grain.

Язык: Английский

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Integrative and inclusive genomics to promote the use of underutilised crops

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

Underutilised crops are important for diversifying food systems. The genomics of these should not be done in isolation but align with their breeding and capacity building strategies while leveraging advances made major crops. or orphan our systems towards nutrition security. Here, the authors discuss how development underutilised crop genomic resource strategies, leverage

Язык: Английский

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Diversifying agrifood systems to ensure global food security following the Russia–Ukraine crisis

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7

Опубликована: Март 15, 2023

The recent Russia–Ukraine conflict has raised significant concerns about global food security, leaving many countries with restricted access to imported staple crops, particularly wheat and sunflower oil, sending prices soaring other adverse consequences in the supply chain. This detrimental effect is prominent for low-income relying on grain imports, record-high inflation affecting their livelihoods. review discusses role of Russia Ukraine system impact security. It also highlights how diversifying four areas agrifood systems—markets, production, technology can contribute achieving chain resilience future security sustainability.

Язык: Английский

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