Diet and depression: exploring the biological mechanisms of action

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 26(1), С. 134 - 150

Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Inflammation-related biomarkers in major psychiatric disorders: a cross-disorder assessment of reproducibility and specificity in 43 meta-analyses

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2019

Abstract Inflammation is a natural defence response of the immune system against environmental insult, stress and injury, but hyper- hypo-inflammatory responses can trigger diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation involved in multiple psychiatric disorders. Using inflammation-related factors as biomarkers disorders requires proof reproducibility specificity changes different disorders, which remains to be established. We performed cross-disorder study by systematically evaluating meta-analysis results eight major including schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), autism spectrum (ASD), depression (MDD), post-trauma (PTSD), sleeping (SD), obsessive–compulsive (OCD) suicide. A total 43 meta-analyses involving 704 publications on 44 were included study. calculated effect size statistical power for every factor each disorder. Our analyses showed well-powered case–control studies provided more consistent than underpowered when one was meta-analysed researchers. After removing studies, 30 significant alterations at least based meta-analyses. Eleven them changed patients two compared with controls. few unique specific (e.g., IL-4 increased BD, decreased suicide, had no change MDD, ASD, PTSD SCZ). MDD largest number while SD has least. Clustering analysis closely related share similar patterns inflammatory changes, genome-wide genetic have found. According obtained from meta-analyses, 13 would need <50 cases 50 controls achieve 80% show differences ( p < 0.0016) between Changes states SCZ or BD also observed various comparisons. Studies comparing first-episode may reproducible findings those pre- post-treatment results. Longitudinal, system-wide regulation differentiate trait- state-specific will needed establish valuable biomarkers.

Язык: Английский

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Probiotics and the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Psychiatry

Current Nutrition Reports, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(3), С. 171 - 182

Опубликована: Май 13, 2020

Abstract Purpose of Review Probiotics are living bacteria, which when ingested in adequate amounts, confer health benefits. Gut microbes suggested to play a role many psychiatric disorders and could be potential therapeutic target. Between the gut brain, there is bi-directional communication pathway called microbiota-gut-brain axis. The purpose this review examine data from recent interventional studies focusing on probiotics gut-brain axis for treatment depression, anxiety schizophrenia. Recent Findings likely improve depression but not Regarding anxiety, only one trial showed an effect multispecies probiotic. However, determinants like duration treatment, dosage interactions have been thoroughly investigated deserve more scientific attention. Summary Microbiome-based therapies such as cautiously recommended enhance beneficial bacteria mood through

Язык: Английский

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The association between loneliness, social isolation and inflammation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 112, С. 519 - 541

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Dissecting the Association Between Inflammation, Metabolic Dysregulation, and Specific Depressive Symptoms

JAMA Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 78(2), С. 161 - 161

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2020

Importance

Observational studies highlight associations of C-reactive protein (CRP), a general marker inflammation, and interleukin 6 (IL-6), cytokine-stimulating CRP production, with individual depressive symptoms. However, it is unclear whether inflammatory activity associated symptoms to what extent metabolic dysregulation underlies the reported associations.

Objective

To explore genetic overlap between activity, dysregulation,

GWAS Data Sources

Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data European individuals, including following: levels (204 402 individuals); 9 (3 which did not differentiate underlying diametrically opposite [eg, insomnia hypersomnia]) as measured Patient Health Questionnaire (up 117 907 statistics for major depression, excluding UK Biobank participants, resulting in sample sizes 500 199 up 230 214 respectively; 386 533 body mass index (BMI) 322 154 height 253 280 individuals).

Design

In this correlation 2-sample mendelian randomization (MR) study, linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression was applied infer single-nucleotide variant–based heritability estimates. Two-sample MR tested potential causal variants levels, IL-6 signaling, BMI The dates were November 2019 April 2020.

Results

Based on large GWAS sources, analyses revealed consistent false discovery rate (FDR)–controlled (genetic range, 0.152-0.362; FDRP = .006 toP < .001) that similar size correlations suggested upregulation signaling suicidality (estimate [SE], 0.035 [0.010]; FDR plus Bonferroni correctionP .01), finding remained stable across statistical models sensitivity using alternative instrument selection strategies. Mendelian consistently show higher or other symptoms, but anhedonia, tiredness, changes appetite, feelings inadequacy.

Conclusions Relevance

This reports coheritability may result from potentially also found suicidality. These findings have clinical implications, highlighting anti-inflammatory approaches, especially blockade, putative strategy suicide prevention.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of fecal microbiota transplant on symptoms of psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2020

Abstract Background The Gut-Brain-Axis is a bidirectional signaling pathway between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and brain. hundreds of trillions microorganisms populating are thought to modulate this connection, have far reaching effects on immune system, central autonomic nervous systems, GI functioning. These interactions Diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders also been linked various psychiatric illnesses such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, autism spectrum disorder, eating disorders. It hypothesized that techniques aimed at strengthening repopulating gut microbiome, Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT), may be useful in prevention treatment illnesses. Methods A systematic search five databases was conducted using key terms related FMT All results were then evaluated based specific eligibility criteria. Results Twenty-one studies met criteria analysed for reported changes mood behavioural measures indicative wellbeing. included either entirely clinical ( n = 8), preclinical with human donors 9), or 11). found decrease depressive anxiety-like symptoms behaviours resulting from transplantation healthy microbiota. inverse found, transmission microbiota psychiatrically ill recipients. Conclusion There appears strong evidence through FMT. Further research larger sample sizes stronger scientific design warranted order fully determine efficacy safety potential treatment. Registered PROSPERO, IRD: CRD42019126795.

Язык: Английский

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A meta-analysis: The mortality and severity of COVID-19 among patients with mental disorders

Psychiatry Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 299, С. 113856 - 113856

Опубликована: Март 5, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Monoamine Neurotransmitters Control Basic Emotions and Affect Major Depressive Disorders

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(10), С. 1203 - 1203

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and complex mental disorder, that adversely impacts an individual’s quality of life, but its diagnosis treatment are not accurately executed symptom-based approach utilized in most cases, due to the lack precise knowledge regarding pathophysiology. So far, first-line treatments still based on monoamine neurotransmitters. Even though there lot progress this field, mechanisms seem get more confusing, also getting controversial. In study, we try review broad advances neurotransmitters field MDD, update effects many advanced neuroscience studies. We propose hypothesis paid special attention their new pathways for such as inflammation, oxidative stress, neurotrophins, neurogenesis, especially glial cells, which have recently been found play important role neurodegenerative disorders, including MDD. addition, will extend basic emotions; suggested our previous reports, three different roles emotions: dopamine—joy, norepinephrine—fear (anger), serotonins—disgust (sadness). Above all, paper tries give full picture relationship between MDD DA, NE, 5-HT, well contributions Three Primary Color Model Basic Emotions (joy, fear, disgust). This done by explaining contribution from sides digestive tract, astrocytes, microglial, others, very briefly addressing potential therapeutic patients reasons limited clinical efficacy, side effects, delayed onset action. hope might offer pharmacological management

Язык: Английский

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Past, Present and (Foreseeable) Future of Biological Anti-TNF Alpha Therapy

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(4), С. 1630 - 1630

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2023

Due to the key role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in pathogenesis immunoinflammatory diseases, TNF-α inhibitors have been successfully developed and used clinical treatment autoimmune disorders. Currently, five anti-TNF-α drugs approved: infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, certolizumab pegol etanercept. Anti-TNF-α biosimilars are also available for use. Here, we will review historical development as well present potential future applications therapies, which led major improvements patients with several such rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), psoriasis (PS) chronic endogenous uveitis. Other therapeutic areas under evaluation, including viral infections, e.g., COVID-19, neuropsychiatric disorders certain forms cancer. The search biomarkers able predict responsiveness is discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Peripheral cytokine levels across psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 125, С. 110740 - 110740

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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