Update on Obesity and Cardiovascular Risk: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Management
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(16), С. 2781 - 2781
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024
Obesity
is
an
epidemic
worldwide.
Overweight
and
multiple
obesity-related
mechanisms,
including
dysmetabolic
alterations,
contribute
to
cardiovascular
deleterious
effects.
Hence,
overweight
obesity
have
been
independently
associated
with
increased
risk,
whose
assessment
crucial
for
preserving
life
quality
reducing
mortality,
address
appropriate
therapeutic
strategies
in
obese
patients.
Beyond
the
standard
of
care
managing
adults
(i.e.,
diet
physical
exercise),
several
relevant
pharmacotherapies
approved,
procedures
device
types
weight
loss
recommended.
In
such
a
contest,
medical
management
remains
one
option
treating
excess
weight.
Most
drugs
used
reduce
appetite
increase
satiety
and,
secondarily,
slow
gastric
emptying
body
therefore,
act
also
improve
metabolic
parameters.
this
agonists
glucagon-like
peptide-1
receptor
(GLP-1RAs)
modulate
different
pathways
glucose
metabolism,
energy
homeostasis,
antioxidation,
inflammation.
Moreover,
class
has
shown
efficacy
improving
glycemic
control,
incidence
events
type
2
diabetic
patients,
presence
diabetes.
Recently,
or
patients
pre-existing
disease
but
without
diabetes,
GLP-1RA
semaglutide
reduced
cerebrovascular
death
from
causes.
Thus,
approved
secondary
prevention
people
disease.
Nevertheless,
whether
equally
effective
primary
be
demonstrated.
review,
we
will
summarize
updates
on
pathophysiology
obesity,
effects
impact
phenotypes
diseases,
novelties
clinical
prevention.
Язык: Английский
Exploring changes in dietary intake, exercise practices, and sedentary behavior and their association with self-reported sleep quality in people living with human immunodeficiency virus during the COVID-19 pandemic: a web-based survey
Nutrire,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
50(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Язык: Английский
A mobile phone app to promote lifestyle change in people at risk of type 2 diabetes: A feasibility three-armed randomised controlled trial. (Preprint)
JMIR Formative Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9, С. e63737 - e63737
Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
use
of
mobile
health
interventions,
such
as
apps,
are
proposed
to
meet
the
challenges
faced
by
preventive
care
services
due
increasing
prevalence
type
2
diabetes
(T2D).
Thus,
we
developed
and
conducted
initial
feasibility
testing
Plunde
app
for
promoting
monitoring
individual
goals
related
lifestyle
change
people
at
risk
T2D.
Objective
primary
aim
this
study
was
assess
an
in
secondary
recruitment
rate,
resource
requirements,
potential
outcomes
a
full
scale
randomized
controlled
trial
(RCT)
.
Methods
A
3-arm
RCT
lasting
12
weeks
designed.
Participants
were
recruited
from
9
general
practitioners
Norway.
Eligible
participants
either
(1)
follow-up;
(2)
follow-up
referral
usual
Healthy
Life
Centers;
or
(3)
Center,
only.
outcome
measured
adherence
(actual
usage
app),
System
Usability
Scale,
motivation
score
gained
questionnaire
designed
study.
Criteria
success
preset
based
on
these
measures.
Secondary
included
full-scale
RCT.
This
body
weight,
waist
circumference,
self-evaluated
functional
status,
assessed
with
Dartmouth
Primary
Care
Cooperative
Research
Network/World
Organization
Family
Doctors
(COOP/WONCA)
assessment
chart.
Results
Within
8
months,
total
54
participants,
which
45
eligble
participation
Mean
age
61
(SD
13)
years
53%
(n=24)
female.
App
86%,
mean
Scale
87.3
11.9),
74.8
30.3).
Throughout
intervention
period,
professionals
spent
average
3.0
1.0)
minutes
per
participant
week
providing
follow-up.
Statistically
significant
reduction
weight
circumference
shown
group
1
3.
Conclusions
Based
criteria
success,
is
feasible
support
change.
had
excellent
user
satisfaction.
amount
time
through
low;
however,
slow.
will
guide
development
further
research
within
field.
Язык: Английский
The roles of the gut microbiota, metabolites, and epigenetics in the effects of maternal exercise on offspring metabolism
AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
327(6), С. E760 - E772
Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2024
Metabolic
diseases,
including
obesity,
dyslipidemia,
and
type
2
diabetes,
have
become
severe
challenges
worldwide.
The
developmental
origins
of
health
disease
(DOHaD)
hypothesis
suggests
that
an
adverse
intrauterine
environment
can
increase
the
risk
metabolic
disorders
in
offspring.
Studies
demonstrated
maternal
exercise
is
effective
intervention
for
improving
offspring
health.
However,
pathways
through
which
works
are
unclear.
It
has
been
reported
gut
microbiota
mediates
effect
on
metabolism,
epigenetic
modifications
also
proposed
to
be
important
molecular
mechanisms.
Microbial
metabolites
influence
epigenetics
by
providing
substrates
DNA
or
histone
modifications,
binding
G-protein
coupled
receptors
affect
downstream
pathways,
regulating
activity
modifying
enzymes.
This
review
aims
summarize
intergenerational
proposes
microbiota-metabolites-epigenetic
regulation
mechanism
improves
may
yield
novel
targets
early
prevention
diseases.
Язык: Английский
Effects of a goal attainment theory-based intervention on physical activity, body composition, and motivation in emerging adults with physical inactivity: A randomized controlled trial
Public Health,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
238, С. 280 - 288
Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2024
Язык: Английский