Climate Change—The Rise of Climate-Resilient Crops

Plants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(4), С. 490 - 490

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Climate change disrupts food production in many regions of the world. The accompanying extreme weather events, such as droughts, floods, heat waves, and cold snaps, pose threats to crops. concentration carbon dioxide also increases atmosphere. United Nations is implementing climate-smart agriculture initiative ensure security. An element this project involves breeding climate-resilient crops or plant cultivars with enhanced resistance unfavorable environmental conditions. Modern agriculture, which currently homogeneous, needs diversify species cultivated plants. Plant programs should extensively incorporate new molecular technologies, supported by development field phenotyping techniques. Breeders closely cooperate scientists from various fields science.

Язык: Английский

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Land Resources in Organic Agriculture: Trends and Challenges in the Twenty-First Century from Global to Croatian Contexts

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(6), С. 1544 - 1544

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2023

Organic agriculture (OA) is a continuously growing global concept that emphasizes the use of sustainable and environmentally-friendly practices. By adopting OA, it possible to improve ecosystems services, increase biodiversity, decrease environmental pollution, reduce carbon footprints mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, generating food free from harmful residues agrochemicals, thereby enhancing safety security. This study provides comprehensive review latest insights on utilization land resources in focusing particularly some EU countries experienced notable rapid progress organic farming during past two decades. With negligible 1.6% (75 Mha) cropland currently dedicated there ample opportunity expand adoption OA realize its multi-beneficial potential for farmers (by premium prices), consumers healthier nutritious food). The importance has been recognized by most recent agro-environmental policies green strategies, with an ambitious goal have at least 25% agroecosystems under management 2030. Despite numerous financial supports multifold area, many member states are unlikely achieve this goal, including Croatia, which share only 8% (~109,000 ha) lands OA. Furthermore, converting conventional not always led value-added final products. related focused area cultivated organically, rather than overall production performance, subsidies essential policy. Therefore, critical obstacles challenges rising pressures due climate change, public health geopolitical crises need be managed specifically designed regulations, would contribute more i.e.,

Язык: Английский

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The Triticeae CBF Gene Cluster—To Frost Resistance and Beyond

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(22), С. 2606 - 2606

Опубликована: Ноя. 11, 2023

The pivotal role of CBF/DREB1 transcriptional factors in Triticeae crops involved the abiotic stress response has been highlighted. CBFs represent an important hub ICE-CBF-COR pathway, which is one most relevant mechanisms capable activating adaptive to cold and drought wheat, barley, rye. Understanding intricate regulation cluster CBF genes harbored by homoeologous chromosome group 5 entails significant potential for genetic improvement small grain cereals. seem share common characterized, however, some peculiar aspects stress, highlighting a combined landscape single-nucleotide variants copy number variation involving members subgroup IV. Moreover, while ploidy appears confer species-specific levels resistance, involvement ICE factor might explain greater tolerance By unraveling basis tolerance, researchers can develop resilient varieties better equipped withstand extreme environmental conditions. Hence, advancing our knowledge their interactions represents promising avenue improving crop resilience food security.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging Trends in Wheat (Triticum spp.) Breeding: Implications for the Future

Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1), С. 2 - 2

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2024

Wheat (Triticum spp and, particularly, T. aestivum L.) is an essential cereal with increased human and animal nutritional demand. Therefore, there a need to enhance wheat yield genetic gain using modern breeding technologies alongside proven methods achieve the necessary increases in productivity. These will allow breeders develop improved cultivars more quickly efficiently. This review aims highlight emerging technological trends used worldwide breeding, focus on enhancing yield. The key for introducing variation (hybridization among species, synthetic wheat, hybridization; genetically modified wheat; transgenic gene-edited), inbreeding (double haploid (DH) speed (SB)), selection evaluation (marker-assisted (MAS), genomic (GS), machine learning (ML)) hybrid are discussed current opportunities development of future cultivars.

Язык: Английский

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Challenges in Wheat Breeding in the Twenty-First Century

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

The chapter “Challenges in Wheat Breeding the 21st Century” explores profound impact of climate change and population growth on wheat cultivation, emphasizing urgent need to develop high-performing cultivars. depletion natural resources, such as water soil, further complicates this process. role circular economy is highlighted, providing insights into efficient use agricultural resources. New genomic techniques next-generation sequencing are revolutionizing breeding, accelerating identification favorable genes for adaptability constant high yield, which vital future food security. To address current challenges, an integrated approach combining new breeding techniques, sustainable practices, principles essential. programs should focus developing varieties that resilient abiotic stresses, resource-efficient, adapted local conditions. International collaboration interdisciplinary research essential supporting innovation ensuring global Furthermore, lobbying extensive adoption improved, cost-effective cultivars will ensure accessibility farmers. By aligning goals with market demands environmental sustainability, foundation a can be established.

Язык: Английский

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Winter wheat yield prediction using UAV-based multivariate time series data and variate-independent tokenization

Plant Phenomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100039 - 100039

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Bioinformatics-Driven Optimization of Wheat Breeding by Integrating Genomic Data Analysis with Phenotypic Traits

SHS Web of Conferences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 216, С. 01046 - 01046

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The integration of sophisticated bioinformatics tools and techniques in the field wheat breeding is a revelatory one that has transformed with an all-around way developing improved varieties. To identify localize genes related to yield, disease resistance, drought tolerance, QTL mapping used. Therefore, MAS can be utilized by breeders utilize these identified genetic markers more quickly individuals perform well under certain conditions for selection improve efficiency accuracy decisions. High-density maps using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Genotyping (GBS) further provide view genome therefore precise mapping. By applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) reduce dimensionality highly complex datasets Linear Mixed Models (LMM) solve traits problem consideration fixed random effects, respectively, we have successfully trait prediction identification. Integration such advanced into programs allows future crops developed increased resistance disease, better adaptability different environmental conditions. purpose this paper take current synergistic benefits genomic phenotypic data methodologies incorporate supporting global food security sustainably growing agriculture. research aims demonstrate potential bioinformatics-driven our knowledge genetics approaches used problems modern study's results showed most powerful QTLs yield had LOD scores up 4.9 (strong associations). Genomic Estimated Breeding Values (GEBV) plant ID 4 highest value 6.7, top Plant programs. In addition, result Phenotypic Plasticity Index (PPI) analysis indicated 5 being adaptive score 0.85, denoting its ability withstand variability effectively compared other Plants. methods reverse bioselction precision made unprecedented advances as numerical insight.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Markers Help with Breeding for Agronomic Traits of Spring Wheat in Kazakhstan and Siberia

Genes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1), С. 86 - 86

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

The Kazakhstan-Siberia Network for Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB) was established in 2000, forming a collaboration between breeding and research programs through biannual yield trials. A core set of 142 genotypes from 15 selected, genotyped 81 DNA functional markers phenotyped 10 agronomic traits at three sites Kazakhstan (Karabalyk, Shortandy Shagalaly) one site Russia (Omsk) 2020–2022. study aim to identify demonstrating significant effects on traits. average grain individual trials varied 118 569 g/m2. Grain positively associated with the number days heading, plant height, grains per spike 1000-kernel weight. Eight demonstrated effects. spring-type allele Vrn-A1 gene accelerated heading by two (5.6%) present 80% germplasm. winter significantly increased 2.7%. late earliness marker se, TaMOT1-D1, delayed development 1.9% 4.5%. Translocation 1B.1R 21.8% material, which resulted 6.2% advantage compared 1B.1B germplasm reduction stem rust severity 27.6 6.6%. favorable TaGS-D1 both kernel weight 2–3%. Four identified ICARDA germplasm, ISBW2-GY (Kukri_c3243_1065, 3B), ISBW3-BM (TA004946-0577, 1B), ISBW10-SM2 (BS00076246_51, 5A), ISBW11-GY (wsnp_Ex_c12812_20324622, 4A), showed an improved this 3–4%. recommends simultaneous validation use selected KASIB’s network.

Язык: Английский

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Genetic and Genomic Pathways to Improved Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Yields: A Review

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(6), С. 1201 - 1201

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a fundamental crop essential for both human and animal consumption. Addressing the challenge of enhancing wheat yield involves sophisticated applications molecular genetics genomic techniques. This review synthesizes current research identifying characterizing pivotal genes that impact traits such as grain size, number, weight, critical factors influencing overall yield. Key including TaSPL17, ABP7, TaGNI, TaCKX6, TaGS5, TaDA1, WAPO1, TaRht1, TaTGW-7A, TaGW2, TaGS5-3A, TaSus2-2A, TaSus2-2B, TaSus1-7A, TaSus1-7B are examined their roles in these traits. The also explores responsive to environmental changes, which increasingly significant under climate variability. Multi-trait regulatory quantitative trait loci (QTLs) contribute discussed, highlighting dual influences on size Furthermore, paper underscores utility emerging technologies CRISPR/Cas9, Case13, multi-omics approaches. These innovations instrumental future discoveries poised revolutionize breeding by enabling precise genetic enhancements. Facing unprecedented challenges from change, identification utilization candidates crucial. aims be comprehensive resource researchers, providing an integrative understanding complex proposing new avenues improvement strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Counting wheat heads using a simulation model

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 228, С. 109633 - 109633

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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