Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025
The
evolution
of
brain-expressed
genes
is
notably
slower
than
that
expressed
in
other
tissues,
a
phenomenon
likely
due
to
high-level
functional
constraints.
One
such
constraint
might
be
the
integration
information
by
neuron
assemblies,
enhancing
environmental
adaptability.
This
study
explores
physiological
mechanisms
neurons
through
three
types
synchronization:
chemical,
electromagnetic,
and
quantum.
Chemical
synchronization
involves
diffuse
release
neurotransmitters
like
dopamine
acetylcholine,
causing
transmission
delays
several
milliseconds.
Electromagnetic
encompasses
action
potentials,
electrical
gap
junctions,
ephaptic
coupling.
Electrical
junctions
enable
rapid
within
cortical
GABAergic
networks,
while
coupling
allows
structures
axon
bundles
synchronize
extracellular
electromagnetic
fields,
surpassing
speed
chemical
processes.
Quantum
hypothesized
involve
ion
coherence
during
channel
passage
entanglement
photons
myelin
sheath.
Unlike
finite-time
seen
processes,
quantum
provides
instantaneous
non-local
states.
Neurons
have
evolved
from
diffusion
temporal
synchronization,
with
networks
potentially
facilitating
both
fast
gamma
band
coherence.
mini-review
compiles
literature
on
these
types,
offering
new
insights
into
address
binding
problem
assemblies.
Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
17
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023
Neural
oscillations
have
been
categorized
into
various
frequency
bands
that
are
mechanistically
associated
with
different
cognitive
functions.
Specifically,
the
gamma
band
is
widely
implicated
to
be
involved
in
a
wide
range
of
processes.
As
such,
decreased
oscillation
has
declines
neurological
diseases,
such
as
memory
dysfunction
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
Recently,
studies
attempted
artificially
induce
by
using
40
Hz
sensory
entrainment
stimulation.
These
reported
attenuation
amyloid
load,
hyper-phosphorylation
tau
protein,
and
improvement
overall
cognition
both
AD
patients
mouse
models.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
advancements
use
stimulation
animal
models
therapeutic
strategy
patients.
We
also
future
opportunities,
well
challenges,
for
strategies
other
neurodegenerative
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
Translational Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2024
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
allows
the
non-invasive
measurement
of
brain
activity
at
millisecond
precision
combined
with
localization
underlying
generators.
So
far,
MEG-systems
consisted
superconducting
quantum
interference
devices
(SQUIDS),
which
suffer
from
several
limitations.
Recent
technological
advances,
however,
have
enabled
development
novel
based
on
optically
pumped
magnetometers
(OPMs),
offering
advantages
over
conventional
SQUID-MEG
systems.
Considering
potential
improvements
in
neuronal
signals
as
well
reduced
operating
costs,
application
OPM-MEG
systems
for
clinical
neuroscience
and
diagnostic
settings
is
highly
promising.
Here
we
provide
an
overview
current
state-of-the
art
its
unique
translational
neuroscience.
First,
discuss
features
OPMs
benchmark
against
electroencephalography
(EEG),
followed
by
a
summary
pioneering
studies
healthy
populations.
Key
applications
investigation
psychiatric
neurological
conditions
are
then
reviewed.
Specifically,
suggest
identification
biomarkers
circuit
deficits
schizophrenia,
dementias,
movement
disorders,
epilepsy,
neurodevelopmental
syndromes
(autism
spectrum
disorder
attention
deficit
hyperactivity
disorder).
Finally,
give
outlook
focus
remaining
methodological
technical
challenges.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
274, С. 120158 - 120158
Опубликована: Май 5, 2023
Magnetoencephalography
(MEG)
is
a
widely
used
non-invasive
tool
to
estimate
brain
activity
with
high
temporal
resolution.
However,
due
the
ill-posed
nature
of
MEG
source
imaging
(MSI)
problem,
ability
MSI
identify
accurately
underlying
sources
along
cortical
surface
still
uncertain
and
requires
validation.
We
validated
background
resting
state
45
healthy
participants
by
comparing
it
intracranial
EEG
(iEEG)
atlas
(https://mni-open-ieegatlas.research.mcgill.ca/).
First,
we
applied
wavelet-based
Maximum
Entropy
on
Mean
(wMEM)
as
an
technique.
Next,
converted
maps
into
space
applying
forward
model
MEG-reconstructed
maps,
estimated
virtual
iEEG
(ViEEG)
potentials
each
channel
location;
finally
quantitatively
compared
those
actual
signals
from
for
38
regions
interest
in
canonical
frequency
bands.
The
spectra
were
more
lateral
medial
regions.
higher
amplitude
ViEEG
than
recovered.
In
deep
regions,
MEG-estimated
amplitudes
largely
underestimated
poorly
Overall,
our
wMEM
results
similar
obtained
minimum
norm
or
beamformer
localization.
Moreover,
overestimated
oscillatory
peaks
alpha
band,
especially
anterior
This
possibly
phase
synchronization
oscillations
over
extended
exceeding
spatial
sensitivity
but
detected
MEG.
Importantly,
found
that
comparable
after
aperiodic
components
removed.
study
identifies
frequencies
which
analysis
likely
be
reliable,
promising
step
towards
resolving
uncertainty
recovering
intracerebral
studies.
Frontiers in Psychology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2023
Psychosis
is
in
part
defined
by
disturbances
perception.
Recent
investigations
have
implicated
the
speed
of
alpha
oscillations
observed
brain
electrical
activity
as
reflective
a
sampling
rate
visual
environment
and
Although
both
slowed
aberrant
percept
formation
are
evident
disorders
psychotic
psychopathology
such
schizophrenia
it
unclear
whether
slow
accounts
for
abnormal
perception
these
disorders.To
examine
role
we
gathered
resting-state
magneto-encephalography
data
from
probands
with
(i.e.,
schizophrenia,
schizoaffective
disorder,
bipolar
disorder
history
psychosis),
their
biological
siblings,
healthy
controls.
We
appraised
perceptual
function
without
confound
cognitive
ability
effort
through
use
simple
binocular
rivalry
task.We
found
pace
that
was
associated
longer
durations
during
rivalry,
consistent
assertion
occipital
govern
accumulation
information
used
to
generate
percepts.
Alpha
varied
widely
across
individuals
highly
stable
several
months
indicating
likely
trait
characteristic
neural
relevant
Finally,
lower
oscillation
IQ
greater
symptomatology
implying
effects
endogenous
on
may
wider
consequences
everyday
functioning.Slowed
appear
reflect
altered
functions
related
formation.
People
with
schizophrenia
exhibit
reduced
alpha
oscillations
and
frontotemporal
coordination
of
brain
activity.
Alpha
are
associated
top-down
inhibition.
Reduced
may
fail
to
censor
spurious
endogenous
activity,
leading
auditory
hallucinations.
Transcranial
alternating
current
stimulation
(tACS)
at
the
frequency
was
shown
enhance
in
people
thus
be
a
network-based
treatment
for
We
conducted
double-blind,
randomized,
placebo-controlled
pilot
clinical
trial
examine
efficacy
10-Hz
tACS
treating
hallucinations
schizophrenia.
administered
phase
dorsolateral
prefrontal
cortex
temporoparietal
junction
return
Cz.
Patients
were
randomized
receive
or
sham
five
consecutive
days
during
week
(40
min/day),
followed
by
maintenance
period,
which
participants
received
weekly
min/visit)
sham.
general
psychopathology
(p
<
0.05,
Cohen's
d
=
-0.690),
especially
depression
0.005,
-0.806),
but
not
increased
power
target
region
0.05),
peak
global
functional
connectivity
towards
10
Hz
left-right
frontal
0.005).
Importantly,
changes
significantly
correlated
symptom
improvement
0.05).
Daily
Hz-tACS
altered
alpha-band
connectivity.
Successful
engagement
other
symptoms,
Considering
existing
research
10Hz
as
major
depressive
disorder,
our
study
demonstrates
its
transdiagnostic
potential
depression.
Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
76(8), С. 361 - 366
Опубликована: Май 10, 2022
The
genetic
relationship
between
schizophrenia
(SCZ)
and
other
nonpsychiatric
disorders
remains
largely
unknown.
We
examined
the
shared
components
these
based
on
multipopulation
data
sets.We
used
two
sets
for
East
Asian
(EAS)
European
(EUR)
samples.
SCZ
was
Psychiatric
Genomics
Consortium
Asia
with
our
own
genome-wide
association
study
EAS
EUR.
Nonpsychiatric
(20
binary
traits
[mainly
complex
disorders]
34
quantitative
laboratory
examinations
physical
characteristics])
were
obtained
from
Biobank
Japan
UK
EUR
samples,
respectively.
To
evaluate
correlation,
linkage
disequilibrium
score
regression
analysis
utilized
further
meta-analysis
each
result
samples
to
obtain
robust
evidence.
Subsequent
mendelian
randomization
also
included
examine
causal
effect.A
significant
correlation
several
metabolic
syndrome
(MetS)
detected
in
combined
(meta-analysis
data)
(body
mass
index
[rg
=
-0.10,
q-value
1.0
×
10-9
],
high-density-lipoprotein
cholesterol
0.072,
2.9
10-3
blood
sugar
-0.068,
1.4
10-2
triglycerides
-0.052,
2.4
systolic
pressure
-0.054,
3.5
C-reactive
protein
-0.076,
7.8
10-5
].
However,
no
susceptibility
analysis.Our
results
indicate
MetS
protein.
Specifically,
we
found
it
interesting
that
opposite
of
expected
clinical
studies:
this
suggests
associated
reduced
MetS.
This
implied
patients
not
but
environmental
factors,
including
antipsychotics,
lifestyle
changes,
poor
diet,
lack
exercise,
living
conditions.
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
28(5), С. 2624 - 2635
Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024
The
power
spectra
estimated
from
the
brain
recordings
are
mixed
representation
of
aperiodic
transient
activity
and
periodic
oscillations,
i.e.,
component
(AC)
(PC).
Quantitative
neurophysiology
requires
precise
decomposition
preceding
parameterizing
each
component.
However,
shape,
statistical
distribution,
scale,
mixing
mechanism
AC
PCs
unclear,
challenging
effectiveness
current
popular
parametric
models
such
as
FOOOF,
IRASA,
BOSC,
etc.
Here,
$\xi$
-
notation="LaTeX">$\pi$
was
proposed
to
decompose
neural
by
embedding
nonparametric
estimation
with
penalized
Whittle
likelihood
shape
language
modeling
into
expectation
maximization
framework.
validated
on
synthesized
loss
statistics
sleep
EEG
large
sample
iEEG
evaluation
metrics
neurophysiological
evidence.
Compared
both
simulation
presenting
irregularities
batch
multiple
isolated
peaks
indicated
that
improved
fit
less
higher
F1-score
in
recognizing
centering
frequencies
number
peaks;
revealed
produced
more
distinguishable
exponents
state
classification
accuracy;
showed
approached
clinical
findings
peak
discovery.
Overall,
offered
good
performance
decomposition,
which
allows
flexible
parameterization
using
descriptive
or
kernel
functions.
is
a
seminal
tool
for
signal
decoding
fields
cognitive
neuroscience,
brain-computer
interface,
neurofeedback,
diseases.
