Plant hormones and neurotransmitter interactions mediate antioxidant defenses under induced oxidative stress in plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2022

Due to global climate change, abiotic stresses are affecting plant growth, productivity, and the quality of cultivated crops. Stressful conditions disrupt physiological activities suppress defensive mechanisms, resulting in stress-sensitive plants. Consequently, plants implement various endogenous strategies, including hormone biosynthesis (e.g., abscisic acid, jasmonic salicylic brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic cytokinins, ethylene, gibberellic strigolactones) withstand stress conditions. Combined or single disrupts normal transportation solutes, causes electron leakage, triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, creating oxidative Several enzymatic non-enzymatic defense systems marshal a plant’s antioxidant defenses. While responses protective role system have been well-documented recent investigations, interrelationships among hormones, neurotransmitters (NTs, such as serotonin, melatonin, dopamine, acetylcholine, γ-aminobutyric acid), defenses not well explained. Thus, this review discusses advances transgenic metabolic developments, potential interaction hormones with NTs response tolerance mechanisms. Furthermore, we discuss current challenges future directions (transgenic breeding genome editing) for improvement using modern molecular tools. The involved regulating systems, networks, abiotic-induced also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Developing drought‐smart, ready‐to‐grow future crops

The Plant Genome, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022

Breeding crop plants with increased yield potential and improved tolerance to stressful environments is critical for global food security. Drought stress (DS) adversely affects agricultural productivity worldwide expected rise in the coming years. Therefore, it vital understand physiological, biochemical, molecular, ecological mechanisms associated DS. This review examines recent advances plant responses DS expand our understanding of DS-associated mechanisms. Suboptimal water sources affect growth yields through physical impairments, physiological disturbances, biochemical modifications, molecular adjustments. To control devastating effect plants, important its consequences, mechanisms, agronomic genetic basis sustainable production. In addition responses, we highlight several mitigation options such as omics approaches, transgenics breeding, genome editing, mechanical methods (foliar treatments, seed priming, conventional practices). Further, have also presented scope speed breeding platforms helping develop drought-smart future crops. short, recommend incorporating multi-omics, traditional strategies, cultivars achieve 'zero hunger' goal.

Язык: Английский

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Multidimensional Role of Silicon to Activate Resilient Plant Growth and to Mitigate Abiotic Stress

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Март 23, 2022

Sustainable agricultural production is critically antagonistic by fluctuating unfavorable environmental conditions. The introduction of mineral elements emerged as the most exciting and magical aspect, apart from novel intervention traditional applied strategies to defend abiotic stress silicon (Si) has ameliorating impacts regulating diverse functionalities on enhancing growth development crop plants. Si categorized a non-essential element since plants accumulate less during normal Studies application in highlight beneficial role extreme stressful conditions through modulation several metabolites Phytohormones are primary plant positively regulated play pivotal plants' broad-spectrum biochemical physiological aspects Frontline phytohormones include auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, gibberellin, salicylic acid, abscisic brassinosteroids, jasmonic acid. These internally correlated with tolerance mechanisms. This review explores insights into phytohormone metabolism its maintaining well-being stresses. Moreover, in-depth information about Si's inducing metabolic molecular modulations elaborated. Furthermore, potential various high throughput technologies also been discussed improving Si-induced multiple tolerance. In addition, special emphasis engrossed achieving sustainable global food security.

Язык: Английский

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Screening of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance through Agronomic and Physiological Response

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(2), С. 287 - 287

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2022

Water scarcity is a major challenge to wheat productivity under changing climate conditions, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. During recent years, different agronomic, physiological molecular approaches have been used overcome the problems related drought stress. Breeding approaches, including conventional modern breeding, are among most efficient options stress through development of new varieties adapted drought. Growing drought-tolerant genotypes may be sustainable option boost conditions. Therefore, present study was conducted with aim screen based on tolerance levels. For this purpose, eleven commonly cultivated (V1 = Akbar-2019, V2 Ghazi-2019, V3 Ujala-2016, V4 Zincol-2016, V5 Anaj-2017, V6 Galaxy-2013, V7 Pakistan-2013, V8 Seher-2006, V9 Lasani-2008, V10 Faisalabad-2008 V11 Millat-2011) were grown pots filled soil well-watered (WW, 70% field capacity) water (WS, 35% Treatments arranged completely randomized design (CRD) three replicates. Data yield yield-related traits (tillers/plant, spikelets/spike, grains/spike, 100 grain weight, seed biological yield) physio-biochemical (chlorophyll contents, relative content, membrane stability index, leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content) attributes recorded experiment. Our results showed that significantly affected morpho-physiological, biochemical all tested varieties. Among genotypes, found (p < 0.05) higher genotype Faisalabad-2008, (9.50 g plant−1) (3.39 plant−1), which also proven more tolerant than other genotypes. The mainly attributed greater numbers tillers/plant spikelets/spike compared Galaxy-2013 had lower (7.43 (2.11 classified as drought-sensitive genotype. stress, decreased order > V1 V6. These suggest screening for viable minimize drought-induced effects drought-prone

Язык: Английский

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Role of phytohormones in regulating cold stress tolerance: Physiological and molecular approaches for developing cold-smart crop plants

Plant Stress, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8, С. 100152 - 100152

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Global climate variations induce extreme temperatures and significantly decrease crop production, leading to food insecurity worldwide. Temperature extremes (mainly cold stress (CS): chilling 0–15 °C freezing <0 temperatures) limit plant growth development severely affect physiology biochemical molecular processes. Subsequently, plants execute numerous endogenous mechanisms, including phytohormone biosynthesis (i.e., abscisic acid, cytokinins, jasmonic salicylic gibberellic brassinosteroids, indole-3-acetic ethylene, strigolactones) tolerate stressful environments. Phytohormones are vital for managing diverse events associated with under CS as important signaling substances that dynamically arbitrate many physiological, biochemical, responses through a stress-responsive regulatory cascade. This review briefly appraises adaptation mechanisms then comprehensively reports on the crucial role of several phytohormones in adjusting response acclimation. We also discuss phytohormone-regulated genes controlling tolerance their genetic engineering combat species develop future CS-smart plants. The potential state-of-the-art omics approaches help identify phytohormone-induced novel genes, metabolites, metabolic pathways is discussed. In short, we conclude exogenous application phytohormones-regulated promising techniques developing cold-smart

Язык: Английский

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Nano‐enabled stress‐smart agriculture: Can nanotechnology deliver drought and salinity‐smart crops?

Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2(3), С. 189 - 214

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2023

Abstract Salinity and drought stress substantially decrease crop yield superiority, directly threatening the food supply needed to meet rising needs of growing total population. Nanotechnology is a step towards improving agricultural output tolerance by efficacy inputs in agriculture via targeted delivery, controlled release, enhanced solubility adhesion while also reducing significant damage. The direct application nanoparticles (NPs)/nanomaterials can boost performance effectiveness physio‐biochemical molecular mechanisms plants under conditions, leading advanced tolerance. Therefore, we presented effects plant responses explored potential nanomaterials for systems, discussed advantages applying NPs at various developmental stages alleviate negative salinity stress. Moreover, feature recent innovations state‐of‐the‐art nanobiotechnology, specifically NP‐mediated genome editing CRISPR/Cas system, develop stress‐smart crops. However, further investigations are unravel role nanobiotechnology addressing climate change challenges modern systems. We propose that combining speed breeding techniques could enable designing climate‐smart cultivars (particularly bred or genetically modified varieties) security world

Язык: Английский

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Plant photosynthetic responses under drought stress: Effects and management

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 209(5), С. 651 - 672

Опубликована: Май 4, 2023

Abstract Balanced photosynthesis is essential for improved plant survival and agricultural benefits in terms of biomass yield. Photosynthesis the hub energy metabolism plants; however, drought stress (DS) strongly perturbs photosynthetic efficiency due to biochemical diffusive limitations that reduce key components close stomata. This review describes responses, chloroplast retrograde signalling, genetic imprints curtail DS damage machinery. While stomatal closure, disrupted systems, over‐reduced electron transport rates (ETR), partial hindrance Calvin cycle, reduced pigment contents affect repertoire processes under DS, signalling also has a plausible role preserving capacity. Progress agronomic, engineering approaches isoprene regulation would help rescue apparatus DS.

Язык: Английский

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Drought stress effect, tolerance, and management in wheat – a review

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Wheat is the most important cereal crop in world. It contributes as a major source of protein and calories daily human diet. Drought has become abiotic stress that severely affects wheat production globally. Changing rainfall patterns, increased atmospheric CO2 levels, rises temperature hot dry winds are causes drought stress. morphological, physiological, biochemical consequences such reduced yield performance, attributing parameters, germination, seed vigor, early leaf senescence, maturity, decreased chlorophyll content, Rubisco activity, photosynthesis, starch accumulation. produces reactive oxygen species cause oxidative damage to plants leading programmed cell death. plant developed various tolerance mechanisms escape, avoidance, protect them from drought. Increasing trichome density waxiness, root: shoot ratio, stay green, accumulation proline, enzymes viz; superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate (APX), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), osmotic adjustment, ABA accumulation, formation dehydrins leads tolerance. Screening genotypes for identification novel trait combinations, genetic engineering, transgenic approaches (incorporates, transfer, introduces desirable gene into desired plants) thereby adaptable varieties can be selected induced develop new with characteristics would management strategies overcome drought, increase production, ensure food nutritional security

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in Plant Drought Tolerance

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 43(10), С. 3337 - 3369

Опубликована: Май 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances of Carbon Dots: Synthesis, Plants Applications, Prospects, and Challenges

ACS Applied Bio Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have garnered significant attention in the realm of agricultural production. Carbon dots (CDs), as a class nanomaterials, play crucial role field plant growth due to their excellent properties. This review aims summarize recent achievements on CDs, focusing methods preparation applications plants systems. The effects CDs seed germination, growth, photosynthesis, nutritional quality, stress resistance were studied. It has been demonstrated that can promote germination well improve photosynthetic efficiency, ultimately leading increase yield. quality treated with was significantly improved. Specifically, levels essential mineral elements, vitamins, amino acids, other constituents are beneficial human health increased notably. Additionally, show positive augmenting against environmental stresses, such drought conditions, heavy metal toxicity, high salinity. Finally, prospects challenges application systems also discussed, which provide scientific basis for future

Язык: Английский

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