Sexual production of corals for reef restoration in the Anthropocene

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 635, С. 203 - 232

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2019

Coral-reef ecosystems are experiencing frequent and severe disturbance events that reducing global coral abundance potentially overwhelming the natural capacity for reefs to recover. While mitigation strategies climate warming other anthropogenic disturbances implemented, restoration programmes being established worldwide as an additional conservation measure minimise loss enhance recovery. Current efforts predominantly rely on asexually produced fragments—a process with inherent practical constraints genetic diversity conserved spatial scale achieved. Because resilience of communities has hitherto relied regular renewal recruits, scaling-up would benefit from greater use sexually corals, which is approach gaining momentum. Here we review present state knowledge scleractinian sexual reproduction in context reef restoration, a focus broadcast-spawning corals. We identify key gaps bottlenecks currently constrain production corals consider feasibility using reef- reef-system scales.

Язык: Английский

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Motivations, success, and cost of coral reef restoration

Restoration Ecology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 27(5), С. 981 - 991

Опубликована: Май 14, 2019

Coral reef restoration is an increasingly important part of tropical marine conservation. Information about what motivates coral as well its success and cost not understood but needed to inform decisions. We systematically review synthesize data from mostly scientific studies published in peer‐reviewed gray literature on the motivations for restoration, variables measured, outcomes reported, per hectare project, survival restored corals, duration overall spatial extent depending technique employed. The main motivation restore reefs projects assessed was further our ecological knowledge improve techniques, with growth, productivity, being measured. median project 400,000 US$/ha (2010 US$), ranging 6,000 nursery phase gardening 4,000,000 substrate addition build artificial reef. Restoration were short (1–2 years) over small extents (0.01 ha or 108 m 2 ). Median reported corals 60.9%. Future research survey practitioners who do publish their discoveries would complement this work. Our findings database provide critical future restoration.

Язык: Английский

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Bright Spots in Coastal Marine Ecosystem Restoration

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 30(24), С. R1500 - R1510

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Global kelp forest restoration: past lessons, present status, and future directions

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(4), С. 1449 - 1475

Опубликована: Март 7, 2022

Kelp forest ecosystems and their associated ecosystem services are declining around the world. In response, marine managers working to restore counteract these declines. restoration first started in 1700s Japan since then has spread across globe. Restoration efforts, however, have been largely disconnected, with varying methodologies trialled by different actors countries. Moreover, a small subset of efforts 'afforestation', which focuses on creating new kelp habitat, as opposed restoring where it previously existed. To distil lessons learned over last 300 years restoration, we review history (including afforestation) world synthesise results 259 documented attempts spanning from 1957 2020, 16 countries, five languages, multiple user groups. Our show that projects increased frequency, employed 10 targeted 17 genera. Of projects, majority led academics (62%), conducted at sizes less than 1 ha (80%) took place time spans 2 years. We most successful when they located near existing forests. Further, disturbance events such sea-urchin grazing identified regular causes project failure. Costs for historically high, averaging hundreds thousands dollars per hectare, therefore explore avenues reduce costs suggest financial legal pathways scaling up future efforts. One key suggestion is creation living database serves platform recording showcasing and/or re-analysing data, providing updated information. work establishes groundwork provide adaptive relevant recommendations best practices today into future.

Язык: Английский

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Principles for coral reef restoration in the anthropocene

One Earth, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(6), С. 656 - 665

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Challenges for Restoration of Coastal Marine Ecosystems in the Anthropocene

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7

Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2020

Coastal marine ecosystems provide critical goods and services to humanity but many are experiencing rapid degradation. The need for effective restoration tools capable of promoting recovery coastal remediating their valued has never been greater. We identify four major challenges the future development implementation ecosystem (MER): (1) Development more effective, scalable tools, (2) adaptation cope with climate change global stressors, (3) integration social ecological priorities, (4) promotion perception use MER as a scientifically-credible management approach. Tackling these should improve success rates, heighten recognition, accelerate investment in MER. Here, reverse currently accelerating decline ecosystems, we discuss potential directions meeting by applying that science-based actionable. For have impact, it must incorporate science, technological conceptual advances, plan climates.

Язык: Английский

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Coral restoration research and technical developments: what we have learned so far

Marine Biology Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 15(7), С. 377 - 409

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2019

Coral reef restoration is not the same as forest its success always guaranteed because of insufficient knowledge coral biology. The technology active has a history only 40 years or less. In spite many devices and efforts, often hampered by low survivorship colonies, fragments sexual propagules. order to enhance resilience adaptation in changing world, new approaches are being suggested. However, we wouldn't be able succeed achieve expected result, i.e. recovery thriving reefs, if outplanted recruits do grow well spawn successfully fertilize sea. cost restore few hectares considerable. More studies needed improve methodology. Contractors practitioners projects must have advanced techniques supported strong science for successful propagation, rearing, transplantation/outplantation corals. This review describes what learned so far from research on discusses seven topics that may facilitate projects.

Язык: Английский

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Coral restoration and adaptation in Australia: The first five years

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 17(11), С. e0273325 - e0273325

Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2022

While coral reefs in Australia have historically been a showcase of conventional management informed by research, recent declines cover triggered efforts to innovate and integrate intervention restoration actions into frameworks. Here we outline the multi-faceted approaches that developed since 2017, from newly implemented in-water programs, research enhance resilience investigations socio-economic perspectives on goals. We describe projects using gardening, substrate stabilisation, repositioning, macro-algae removal, larval-based techniques. Three areas focus are also presented illustrate breadth Australian restoration, (1) transdisciplinary Reef Restoration Adaptation Program (RRAP), one world’s largest development programs focused reefs, (2) interventions performance under climate change, (3) socio-cultural perspectives. Together, these reflect an increasing urgency for action confront reef crisis, develop new additional tools manage consequent increase funding opportunities appetite implementation. The rapid progress trialling deploying builds decades overseas experience, advances showing positive signs can be valuable tool improve at local scales (i.e., high early survival rates across variety methods species, strong community engagement with stakeholders). RRAP is creating help multiple scales, micro targeting small within specific site) large core ecosystem function social-economic values select sites Great Barrier Reef) resist, adapt recover impacts change. None aim single-handedly restore entirety Reef, nor do they negate importance urgent change mitigation action.

Язык: Английский

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To restore coastal marine areas, we need to work across multiple habitats simultaneously

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(26)

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

The linkage between abuse to artisanal cobalt miners—including children—in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and use in advanced batteries has prompted global supply chain reviews, responsible sourcing initiatives, ...From 2000 through 2020, demand for manufacture grew 26-fold. Eighty-two percent this growth occurred China China's refinery production increased 78-fold. Diminished industrial mine early-to-mid ...

Язык: Английский

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Coastal Development: Resilience, Restoration and Infrastructure Requirements

Springer eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 213 - 277

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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