Deciphering Pteronia's evolution in the Cape Floristic Region: A comprehensive study disputes polyploid deficiency and affirms diploid radiation

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 119(5), С. 2236 - 2254

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

SUMMARY The Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR) is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity, accommodating over 11 000 plant species, notable degree of endemism, and substantial diversification within limited lineages, a phenomenon ascribed to historical radiation events. While both abiotic biotic factors contribute this diversification, comprehensive genomic alterations, recognized as pivotal in the angiosperms, are perceived uncommon. This investigation focuses on genus Pteronia , prominent representative Asteraceae family GCFR. Employing NGS‐based HybSeq RADSeq methodologies, flow cytometry, karyology, ecological modeling, we scrutinize intricacies polyploid evolution. Phylogenetic reconstructions using 951 low‐copy nuclear genes confirm well‐supported, distinct clade tribe Astereae. ingroup displays structure indicative rapid likely antedating establishment, with two main groups demarcated by their presence or absence fynbos biome. Genome size analysis encompasses 1293 individuals across 347 populations, elucidating significant variation ranging from 6.1 34.2 pg (2C‐value). demonstrates substantially large genome sizes Astereae phanerophytes. Polyploidy identified 31% studied four discerned ploidy levels (2x, 4x, 6x, 8x). Cytotypes exhibit marked distinctions environmental traits, influencing distribution biomes augmenting niche differentiation. These revelations challenge presumed scarcity polyploidy flora, underscoring imperative need detailed population studies. intricate evolutionary history characterized recent variation, contributes comprehension patterns GCFR biodiversity hotspot.

Язык: Английский

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A Typological and Morphological Analysis of the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) Inflorescences

The Botanical Review, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 90(3), С. 221 - 250

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Endoreplication—Why Are We Not Using Its Full Application Potential?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(14), С. 11859 - 11859

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Endoreplication—a process that is common in plants and also accompanies changes the development of animal organisms—has been seen from a new perspective recent years. In paper, we not only shed light on this view, but would like to promote an understanding application potential phenomenon plant cultivation. Endoreplication pathway for cell development, slightly different classical somatic cycle, which ends with mitosis. Since many rounds DNA synthesis take place within its course, endoreplication kind evolutionary compensation relatively small amount genetic material possess. It allows multiplication active use through transcription translation. The presence has positive consequences. case, repeatedly produced copies genes, corresponding transcripts, help acquire favorable properties proteins are responsible directly or indirectly. These include features desirable terms cultivation marketing: greater saturation fruit flower colors, stronger aroma, sweeter taste, accumulation nutrients, increased resistance biotic abiotic stress, superior tolerance adverse environmental conditions, faster organ growth (and consequently whole biomass). two last related nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio—the content nucleus, higher volume cytoplasm, thus larger size. cells reach sizes save materials used build organelles, then passed daughter after division, ending classic cycle. However, nucleus determines number organelles. article draws attention practical applications factors currently limiting use.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative chloroplast genomes provided insights into the evolution and species identification on the Datureae plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Generally, chloroplast genomes of angiosperms are always highly conserved but carry a certain number variation among species. In this study, 13 species from Datureae tribe that importance both in ornamental gardening and medicinal usage were studied. addition, seven together with two Solanaceae retrieved the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) integrated into study. The ranged size 154,686 to 155,979 155,497 155,919 bp Datura Brugmansia, respectively. As total 128 132 genes identified, which 83 87 protein coding respectively; Furthermore, 37 tRNA 8 rRNA identified Brugmansia. Repeats analysis indicated type varied Simple sequence repeat (SSR), long repeats, tandem repeats 53 59, 98 99, 22 30, Phylogenetic based on plastid supported monophyletic relationship Brugmansia Trompettia, refined phylogenic relationships each individual was resolved. species-specific marker designed spot resulted comparative verified as effective maker identification D. stramonium var. inermis. Interestingly, we found 31 likely be under positive selection, including encoding ATP subunits, photosystem subunit, ribosome NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex clpP, petB, rbcL, rpoCl, ycf4, cemA genes. These may function key roles adaption diverse environment during evolution. diversification members dated back late Oligocene periods. useful genetic resources taxonomy, phylogeny, evolution Datureae.

Язык: Английский

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First Vanilla planifolia High-Density Genetic Linkage Map Provides Quantitative Trait Loci for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum

Plant Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 107(10), С. 2997 - 3006

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-vanillae (Forv), the causal agent of root and stem rot disease, is main pathogen affecting vanilla production. Sources resistance have been reported in Vanilla planifolia G. Jackson ex Andrews, cultivated species. In this study, we developed first high-density genetic map species with 1,804 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS)-generated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using 125 selfed progenies CR0040 traditional cultivar. Sixteen linkage groups (LG) were successfully constructed, a mean 113 SNPs an average length 207 cM per LG. The had high density 5.45 SNP every 10 distance 1.85 between adjacent markers. three LG aligned against assembled chromosome CR0040, other 13 correctly associated chromosomes. population was challenged highly pathogenic Forv strain Fo072 root-dip inoculation method. Five traits mapped, 20 QTLs to Fo072. Among genes retrieved physical regions QTLs, potentially involved biotic mechanisms, coding for kinases, E3 ubiquitin ligases, pentatricopeptide repeat-containing proteins, one leucine-rich repeat receptor underlying qFo72_08.1 QTL highlighted. This study should provide useful resources marker-assisted selection V. planifolia.

Язык: Английский

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The genome of the early spider-orchid Ophrys sphegodes provides insights into sexual deception and adaptation to pollinators

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2023

Pollinator-driven evolution of floral traits is thought to be a major driver angiosperm speciation and diversification. The bee orchids (genus Ophrys) mimic their pollinators’ female pheromone, shape colour lure male pollinators into pseudocopulation. This strategy, called sexual deception, highly species-specific, thereby providing strong premating reproductive isolation. Identifying the genomic architecture underlying pollinator adaptation may shed light on mechanisms We report 5.2 Gb chromosome-scale genome sequence Ophrys sphegodes show that chromosomal rearrangements took place in Ophrys lineage. find evidence for transposable element expansion event preceded radiation O. group, gene duplication having contributed chemical mimicry. Moreover, one region chromosome 2 differentiated between other species, indicating candidate pollinator-mediated evolution.

Язык: Английский

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A newOphidion(Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae) from the Pacific lowlands of Colombia and the unresolved phylogenetic position ofPhloeophilas.l.

Systematics and Biodiversity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

A species new to science of a miniature orchid, endemic the humid Pacific lowland, Municipality Buenaventura (Valle del Cauca, Colombia), is described and illustrated. Ophidion erectilabrum sp. nov. morphologically similar O. alphonsianum, but recognized by orbicular leaves (vs. elliptic), erect inflorescence, longer than descending, shorter leaves), abruptly upward curved epichile flat). Because different proposals in circumscription Phloeophila s.l., we performed phylogenetic analysis assess most appropriate genus place species, discuss position Luerella, Ophidion, based on all currently available data from nrITS matK recent studies using high-throughput sequencing. Although three genera are supported as monophyletic groups, recovered unresolved relationships discordant topologies among them only these two molecular markers. Therefore, describe this because morphological differences between Luerella grouping s.l. lacks diagnostic features, yet be analysis.

Язык: Английский

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Phylogenomic support for the allopolyploid origin of the northwest Iberian endemic orchid Dactylorhiza cantabrica with Hyb‐Seq

Journal of Systematics and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Abstract The orchid Dactylorhiza cantabrica H.A. Pedersen is a narrow endemic occurring in the western Cantabrian Mountains northwest Spain. Previous allozyme and morphological studies suggest that it might have resulted from hybridization of two widespread congeners: triploid insularis diploid sambucina. However, this hypothesis has not been tested using multiple genetic markers necessary to analyze phylogenies complex genera such as . In study, Hyb‐Seq technique applied together with universal Angiosperms353 probe kit sequence plastid low‐copy nuclear genes. phylogenetic relationships between three species, estimated based on 269 266 genes under concatenation coalescent‐based approaches, respectively, revealed highly supported clades containing each putative parent, D. sambucina position was well resolved, suggesting existence mixed inheritance, where different come parent. Phylogenetic networks, used for visualizing conflict gene trees, placed parents high levels reticulation. addition, variation within among species explored allele frequency‐based tools further supporting intermediate recent hybrid origin Finally, 75 maternal donor. Altogether, our results point allopolyploid , clear differentiation parental species.

Язык: Английский

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Factors contributing to organelle genomes size variation and the intracellular DNA transfer in Polygonaceae

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2024

The use of complete organelle genomes, including chloroplast and mitochondrial is a powerful molecular method for studying biological evolution gene transfer. However, in the case Polygonaceae, an important family with numerous edible, medicinal, ornamental species, genomes only three species have been sequenced analyzed. In this study, we present two Tibetan medicinal plants, Bistorta viviparum B. macrophyllum. All are assembled into single circular structure contain common set 32 protein-coding genes (PCGs). Some such as rps2 ndhF were found to high nucleotide polymorphism (Pi) while cox1, mttB rps12 showed pronounced Pi values genomes. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that most PCGs Polygonaceae plants under purifying selection. few genes, psaJ ccmFc, atp8 nad4, positive selection certain indicated by Ka/Ks ratio greater than one. Structural variation wealth differences between five particularly notable large-scale inversion observed Reynoutria japonica Fallopia aubertii. homologous sequences rps7 has transferred from genome all species. Finally, ecological niche models constructed macrophyllum, indicating mean annual temperature altitude main climatic factors influencing distribution both Although current significantly wider projections suggest optimal growth ranges will expand future, macrophyllum potentially exceeding viviparum. This study not contributes plastid database but also provides theoretical insights adaptive these plants.

Язык: Английский

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Integrative Study of Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity in the Eurasian Orchid Genus Neotinea

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2021

Knowledge of population variation across species' ranges is a prerequisite for correctly assessing the overall variability any group organisms and provides an invaluable basis unraveling evolutionary history, optimizing taxonomy devising effective conservation strategies. Here, we examine genus Neotinea, which represents relatively recently delimited monophyletic orchids, detailed study its was lacking. We applied suite biosystematic methods, consisting flow cytometry, multivariate geometric morphometrics, analysis genomic SNP data, to identify phylogenetic lineages within genus, delineate phenotypic relevant these lineages, potential cryptic taxa lineages. found clear differentiation into four major corresponding groups usually recognized genus: Neotinea maculata as distinct separate taxon, lactea comprising two Mediterranean N. conica, ustulata phenologically varieties, rather complex tridentata various minor unclear taxonomic value. conica constitutes both phenotype merits proposed subspecies-level recognition. By contrast, spring summer flowering forms (var. var. aestivalis) were confirmed be only morphologically, not phylogenetically. The most pattern emerged in group, splits main clades, one containing from Balkans eastern other plants Central Europe central Mediterranean. These individual differ genome size show moderate degrees morphological divergence. tetraploid commutata closely related but our evidence points auto- than allopolyploid origin. Our broad methodological approach proved recognizing among propose joint cytometric data on endopolyploidy useful beneficial marker delineating orchid species with partial endoreplication.

Язык: Английский

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