Activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in high light – what is the initial signal?

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 236(6), С. 2037 - 2043

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2022

Due to their sessile nature, plants cannot escape adverse environmental conditions and evolved mechanisms cope with sudden changes. The reaction variations in abiotic factors, also summarized as acclimation response, affects all layers of cellular functions involves rapid modification enzymatic activities, the metabolome, proteome transcriptome on different timescales. One trait acclimating high light (HL) is transcriptional activation flavonoid biosynthesis (FB) pathway resulting accumulation photoprotective antioxidative flavonoids, such flavonols anthocyanins, leaf tissue. Although enormous progress has been made identifying enzymes regulators FB by forward reverse genetic approaches past, signals signalling pathways permitting conditional HL are still debated. With this Tansley Insight, we summarize current knowledge proposed downstream factors involved regulating will discuss contribution to, particularly, HL-induced anthocyanins.

Язык: Английский

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Plant responses to UV-B radiation: signaling, acclimation and stress tolerance

Stress Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2022

Abstract Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light is an intrinsic part of sunlight that reaches the earth’s surface, and affects plant survival adaptation. How plants respond to UV-B regulated by wavelength, intensity duration radiation, also photosynthetically active radiation perceived phytochrome cryptochrome photoreceptors. Non-damaging promotes photomorphogenesis acclimation which enhances tolerance against stress. However, high-level induces DNA damage, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) impairs photosynthesis. Plants have evolved efficient mechanisms utilize informational signal, protect themselves from UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8) a conserved plant-specific photoreceptor. It interacts with CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) initiate UV-B-specific signaling regulate responsive gene expression. A set transcription factors such as ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) function downstream UVR8-COP1 module promote seedling de-etiolation for photomorphogenic development biosynthesis sunscreen flavonoids stress tolerance. In addition UVR8 pathways, subjected damaging protection repair through UVR8-independent pathways. this review, we summarize emerging underlying in plants, primarily revealed model Arabidopsis thaliana .

Язык: Английский

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CmBBX28‐CmMYB9a Module Regulates Petal Anthocyanin Accumulation in Response to Light in Chrysanthemum

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

ABSTRACT Light is one of the most important environmental factors that affect plant growth and development. It also stimulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in plants. However, precise molecular mechanisms through which light regulates biosynthesis, particularly non‐model species, remain poorly understood. In this study, we discovered a CmBBX28‐CmMYB9a module responsive to chrysanthemums. Specifically, CmBBX28 interacts with CmMYB9a, interfering its binding promoters target genes reducing protein abundance CmMYB9a. This interaction downregulates transcription CmMYB9a's downstream anthocyanin‐associated genes, CmCHS , CmDFR CmUFGT . The expression was induced dark, accumulated proteins interfered activation CmMYB9a during biosynthesis. Concurrently, darkness inhibited some extent. contrast, significantly suppressed resulting increased accumulation chrysanthemum petals. Our findings reveal mechanism by flower

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of UV‐B light‐induced photoreceptor UVR8 nuclear localization dynamics

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 236(5), С. 1824 - 1837

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2022

Light regulates the subcellular localization of plant photoreceptors, a key step in light signaling. Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) induces photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) nuclear accumulation, where it photomorphogenesis. However, molecular mechanism for UV-B-regulated UVR8 dynamics is unknown. With fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), cell fractionation followed by immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays we tested function UVR8-interacting proteins including CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1), REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS (RUP1) RUP2 regulation Arabidopsis thaliana. We showed that UV-B-induced rapid translocation independent COP1, which previously was shown to be required accumulation. Instead, provide evidence homodimer-to-monomer photo-switch concurrent size reduction enables its monomer translocation, most likely via free diffusion. Nuclear COP1 interacts with UV-B-activated monomer, thereby promoting retention. Conversely, RUP1and RUP2, whose expressions are induced UV-B, inhibit retention attenuating UVR8-COP1 interaction, allowing exit nucleus. Collectively, our data suggest monomerization promotes In nucleus, binding retention, counterbalanced major negative regulators RUP1 RUP2.

Язык: Английский

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Arabidopsis BBX14 negatively regulates nitrogen starvation‐ and dark‐induced leaf senescence

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 116(1), С. 251 - 268

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2023

Senescence is a highly regulated process driven by developmental age and environmental factors. Although leaf senescence accelerated nitrogen (N) deficiency, the underlying physiological molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we reveal that BBX14, previously uncharacterized BBX-type transcription factor in Arabidopsis, crucial for N starvation-induced senescence. We find inhibiting BBX14 artificial miRNA (amiRNA) accelerates during starvation darkness, while overexpression (BBX14-OX) delays it, identifying as negative regulator of starvation- dark-induced During starvation, nitrate amino acids like glutamic acid, glutamine, aspartic asparagine were retained BBX14-OX leaves compared to wild type. Transcriptome analysis showed large number senescence-associated genes (SAGs) be differentially expressed between wild-type plants, including ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) which regulates signaling Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) directly EIN3 transcription. Furthermore, revealed upstream transcriptional cascade BBX14. By yeast one-hybrid screen ChIP, found MYB44, stress-responsive MYB factor, binds promoter activates its expression. In addition, Phytochrome Interacting Factor 4 (PIF4) repress Thus, functions through PIF4 MYB44.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing the Quality of Indoor-Grown Basil Microgreens with Low-Dose UV-B or UV-C Light Supplementation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(5), С. 2352 - 2352

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Controlled-environment crop production often weakens plants' defense mechanisms, reducing the accumulation of protective phytochemicals essential to human health. Our previous studies demonstrated that short-term supplementation low-dose ultraviolet (UV) light red-green-blue (RGB) spectrum effectively boosts secondary metabolite (SM) synthesis and antioxidant capacity in lettuce. This study explored whether similar effects occur basil cultivars by supplementing RGB with B (UV-B, 311 nm) or C (UV-C, 254 shortly before harvest. Molecular analyses focused on UV-induced polyphenol synthesis, particularly chalcone synthase (CHS) level, UV perception via UVR8 receptor. The impact high-energy radiation photosynthetic apparatus (PA) was also monitored. results showed UV-B did not harm PA, while UV-C significantly impaired photosynthesis restricted plant growth biomass accumulation. In green-leaf (Sweet Large, SL) basil, enhanced total (TAC), increasing polyphenolic metabolites ascorbic acid (AsA) levels. stimulated phenolic compound SL but had no positive purple-leaf (Dark Opal, DO) cultivar. Interestingly, treatment promoted monomerization both cultivars, CHS level concomitant SM were noted only for basil. addition, induced activity clearly a UVR8-independeted manner. These findings underscore potential enhancing functional properties, highlighting species- cultivar-specific without compromising performance.

Язык: Английский

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Photoreceptor-induced sinapate synthesis contributes to photoprotection in Arabidopsis

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 196(2), С. 1518 - 1533

Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024

Abstract Plants must balance light capture for photosynthesis with protection from potentially harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Photoprotection is mediated by concerted action of photoreceptors, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we provide evidence that UV RESISTANCE LOCUS 8 (UVR8) UV-B, phytochrome red, and cryptochrome blue-light photoreceptors converge on induction FERULIC ACID 5-HYDROXYLASE 1 (FAH1) encodes a key enzyme in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, leading to accumulation UV-absorbing sinapate esters Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). FAH1 depends basic leucine zipper transcription factors ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) HY5 HOMOLOG function downstream all 3 photoreceptors. Noticeably, mutants hyperactive UVR8 signaling rescue fah1 sensitivity. Targeted metabolite profiling suggests phenotypic due metabolites derived precursors synthesis, namely, coumaroyl glucose feruloyl glucose. Our genetic dissection pathway combined metabolomic physiological analyses show both flavonoids contribute photoprotection sinapates playing major role screening. findings indicate photoreceptor-mediated regulation subsequent “sunscreen” compounds protective mitigate damage, preserve photosynthetic performance, ensure plant survival under UV.

Язык: Английский

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BBX22 enhances the accumulation of antioxidants to inhibit DNA damage and promotes DNA repair under high UV‐B

Physiologia Plantarum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 177(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Under changing climatic conditions, plant exposure to high‐intensity UV‐B can be a potential threat health and all plant‐derived human requirements, including food. It's crucial understand how plants respond high radiation so that proper measures taken enhance tolerance towards stress. We found BBX22 , B‐box protein‐coding gene, is strongly induced within one hour of UV‐B. Our metabolomics data indicated promotes the accumulation antioxidants like ascorbic acid proline. These play vital role in shielding exposed from detrimental effects Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), DNA damage. Additionally, damage repair by inducing expression genes UVR1 UVR3 . directly binds promoter regulate its expression. Furthermore, indirectly induces enhancing binding HY5 their promoters. Together, these results suggest multi‐pronged protection against Enhancing levels or orthologs different species potentially offer intense UV radiation.

Язык: Английский

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AtBBX29 integrates photomorphogenesis and defense responses in Arabidopsis

Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(6), С. 1475 - 1489

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2023

Light is an environmental signal that modulates plant defenses against attackers. Recent research has focused on the effects of light defense hormone signaling; however, connections between signaling pathways and biosynthesis specialized metabolites involved in have been relatively unexplored. Here, we show Arabidopsis BBX29, a protein belongs to B-Box transcription factor (TF) family, integrates photomorphogenic with responses by promoting flavonoid, sinapate glucosinolate accumulation leaves. AtBBX29 transcript levels were up regulated light, through photoreceptor pathways. Genetic evidence indicated up-regulates MYB12 gene expression, TF known induce genes related flavonoid light-dependent manner, MYB34 MYB51, which encode TFs regulation biosynthesis. Thus, bbx29 knockout mutants displayed low expression key biosynthetic pathway, opposite was true BBX29 overexpression lines. In agreement transcriptomic data, mutant plants accumulated lower kaempferol glucosides, sinapoyl malate, indol-3-ylmethyl (I3M), 4-methylsulfinylbutyl (4MSOB) 3-methylthiopropyl (3MSP) rosette leaves compared wild-type, showed increased susceptibility necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea herbivore Spodoptera frugiperda. contrast, overexpressing resistance both addition, found plays important role mediating ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation B. cinerea. Taken together, these results suggest orchestrates specific light-induced regulates pathogens herbivores.

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling the Mechanism of StWRKY6 in Potato (Solanum tuberosum)’s Cadmium Tolerance for Ensuring Food Safety

Foods, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(12), С. 2303 - 2303

Опубликована: Июнь 7, 2023

The WRKY transcription factor plays a crucial role in plant stress adaptation. Our research has found that WRKY6 Solanum tuberosum (potatoes) is closely related to cadmium (Cd) tolerance. Therefore, investigating the mechanism of StWRKY6 resistance Cd toxicity great scientific importance for food safety. This further analyzed gene structure and functional regions nuclear potatoes, discovering contains W box, GB/box, ABRE, other elements can act as regulatory execute multiple regulations. results heterologous expression Arabidopsis under showed overexpression line (StWRKY6-OE) had significantly higher SAPD values content reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes than wild type, indicating protecting photosynthetic system promoting carbohydrate synthesis. Transcriptome analysis also revealed Cd-induced up-regulated many potential targets, including APR2, DFRA, ABCG1, VSP2, ERF013, SAUR64/67, BBX20, which are involved chelation (APR2, DFRA), defense (VSP2, PDF1.4), toxic substance efflux (ABCG1), light morphology development (BBX20), auxin signal (SAUR64/67). These genes coordinate regulation tolerance line. In summary, this study identified set co-expression module StWRKY6, providing useful evidence remediation Cd-contaminated soil genetic breeding low Cd-accumulating crops, thereby ensuring

Язык: Английский

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