Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(6), С. 5211 - 5295

Опубликована: Март 9, 2023

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and improve quality of life in the era digitalization big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible are developed overcome limitations conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement bench-side research over last decade, market adoption remains limited. To ease expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering maturation propose promising solutions. We first analyze achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications then summarize issues compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions powering connecting sensor networks. Issues en route commercialization sustainable growth sector also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns emphasizing nontechnical such as business, regulatory, ethical considerations. Additionally, look at future intelligent sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, hope steer efforts towards common goals guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner capitalized betterment humanity.

Язык: Английский

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A comprehensive review on emerging artificial neuromorphic devices

Applied Physics Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2020

The rapid development of information technology has led to urgent requirements for high efficiency and ultralow power consumption. In the past few decades, neuromorphic computing drawn extensive attention due its promising capability in processing massive data with extremely low Here, we offer a comprehensive review on emerging artificial devices their applications. light inner physical processes, classify into nine major categories discuss respective strengths weaknesses. We will show that anion/cation migration-based memristive devices, phase change, spintronic synapses have been quite mature possess excellent stability as memory device, yet they still suffer from challenges weight updating linearity symmetry. Meanwhile, recently developed electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors demonstrated outstanding energy efficiency, linearity, symmetry, but scalability need be optimized. Other structures, such ferroelectric, metal–insulator transition based, photonic, purely electronic also limitations some aspects, therefore leading further developing high-performance devices. Additional efforts are demanded enhance functionality neurons while maintaining relatively cost area power, it significance explore intrinsic neuronal stochasticity optimize driving capability, etc. Finally, by looking correlations between operation mechanisms, material systems, device performance, provide clues future selections, designs, integrations neurons.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Advances in Transistor‐Based Artificial Synapses

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 29(42)

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2019

Abstract Simulating biological synapses with electronic devices is a re‐emerging field of research. It widely recognized as the first step in hardware building brain‐like computers and artificial intelligent systems. Thus far, different types have been proposed to mimic synaptic functions. Among them, transistor‐based advantages good stability, relatively controllable testing parameters, clear operation mechanism, can be constructed from variety materials. In addition, they perform concurrent learning, which weight update performed without interrupting signal transmission process. Synergistic control one device also implemented synapse, opens up possibility developing robust neuron networks significantly fewer neural elements. These unique features make them more suitable for emulating functions than other devices. However, development still its very early stages. Herein, this article presents review recent advances order give guideline future implementation transistors. The main challenges research directions are presented.

Язык: Английский

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Functional Fibers and Fabrics for Soft Robotics, Wearables, and Human–Robot Interface

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(19)

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2020

Abstract Soft robotics inspired by the movement of living organisms, with excellent adaptability and accuracy for accomplishing tasks, are highly desirable efficient operations safe interactions human. With emerging wearable electronics, higher tactility skin affinity pursued user‐friendly human–robot interactions. Fabrics interlocked fibers perform traditional static functions such as warming, protection, fashion. Recently, dynamic fabrics favorable to deliver active stimulus responses sensing actuating abilities soft‐robots wearables. First, responsive mechanisms fiber/fabric actuators their performances under various external stimuli reviewed. Fiber/yarn‐based artificial muscles manipulation assistance in human motion discussed, well smart clothes improving perception. Second, geometric designs, fabrications, mechanisms, fibers/fabrics energy harvesting from body environments summarized. Effective integration between electronic components garments, skin, organisms is illustrated, presenting multifunctional platforms self‐powered potential biomedicine. Lastly, relationships robotic/wearable stimuli, together challenges possible routes revolutionizing robotic wearables this new era proposed.

Язык: Английский

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Flexible Neuromorphic Electronics for Computing, Soft Robotics, and Neuroprosthetics

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 32(15)

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2019

Flexible neuromorphic electronics that emulate biological neuronal systems constitute a promising candidate for next-generation wearable computing, soft robotics, and neuroprosthetics. For realization, with the achievement of simple synaptic behaviors in single device, construction artificial synapses various functions sensing responding integrated to mimic complicated sensing, is prerequisite. Artificial have learning ability can perceive react events real world; these abilities expand applications toward health monitoring cybernetic devices future Internet Things. To demonstrate flexible successfully, it essential develop nerves replicating functionalities counterparts satisfying requirements constructing elements such as flexibility, low power consumption, high-density integration, biocompatibility. Here, progress addressed, from basic backgrounds including characteristics, device structures, mechanisms nerves, Finally, research directions are suggested this emerging area.

Язык: Английский

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Neuromorphic sensorimotor loop embodied by monolithically integrated, low-voltage, soft e-skin

Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 380(6646), С. 735 - 742

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Artificial skin that simultaneously mimics sensory feedback and mechanical properties of natural holds substantial promise for next-generation robotic medical devices. However, achieving such a biomimetic system can seamlessly integrate with the human body remains challenge. Through rational design engineering material properties, device structures, architectures, we realized monolithic soft prosthetic electronic (e-skin). It is capable multimodal perception, neuromorphic pulse-train signal generation, closed-loop actuation. With trilayer, high-permittivity elastomeric dielectric, achieved low subthreshold swing comparable to polycrystalline silicon transistors, operation voltage, power consumption, medium-scale circuit integration complexity stretchable organic Our e-skin biological sensorimotor loop, whereby solid-state synaptic transistor elicits stronger actuation when stimulus increasing pressure applied.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial Skin Perception

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(19)

Опубликована: Сен. 15, 2020

Abstract Skin is the largest organ, with functionalities of protection, regulation, and sensation. The emulation human skin via flexible stretchable electronics gives rise to electronic (e‐skin), which has realized artificial sensation other functions that cannot be achieved by conventional electronics. To date, tremendous progress been made in data acquisition transmission for e‐skin systems, while implementation perception within is, sensory processing, still its infancy. Integrating functionality into a sensing system, namely perception, critical endow current systems higher intelligence. Here, recent design fabrication devices summarized, challenges prospects are discussed. strategies implementing utilize either silicon‐based circuits or novel computing such as memristive synaptic transistors, enable surpass skin, distributed, low‐latency, energy‐efficient information‐processing ability. In future, would new enabling technology construct next‐generation intelligent advanced applications, robotic surgery, rehabilitation, prosthetics.

Язык: Английский

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An artificial spiking afferent nerve based on Mott memristors for neurorobotics

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2020

Abstract Neuromorphic computing based on spikes offers great potential in highly efficient paradigms. Recently, several hardware implementations of spiking neural networks traditional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology or memristors have been developed. However, an interface (called afferent nerve biology) with the environment, which converts analog signal from sensors into networks, is yet to be demonstrated. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate artificial reliable NbO x Mott for first time. The frequency proportional stimuli intensity before encountering noxiously high stimuli, then starts reduce at inflection point. Using this nerve, further build a power-free mechanoreceptor system passive piezoelectric device as tactile sensor. experimental results indicate that our promising constructing self-aware neurorobotics future.

Язык: Английский

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Electrolyte-gated transistors for enhanced performance bioelectronics

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 1(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs), capable of transducing biological and biochemical inputs into amplified electronic signals stably operating in aqueous environments, have emerged as fundamental building blocks bioelectronics. In this Primer, the different EGT architectures are described with mechanisms underpinning their functional operation, providing insight key experiments including necessary data analysis validation. Several organic inorganic materials used structures fabrication approaches for an optimal experimental design presented compared. The bio-layers and/or biosystems integrated or interfaced to EGTs, self-organization self-assembly strategies, reviewed. Relevant promising applications discussed, two-dimensional three-dimensional cell monitoring, ultra-sensitive biosensors, electrophysiology, synaptic neuromorphic bio-interfaces, prosthetics robotics. Advantages, limitations possible optimizations also surveyed. Finally, current issues future directions further developments discussed. (EGTs) bioelectronics, which transduce electrical signals. This Primer examines mechanism operation practical considerations related wide range applications.

Язык: Английский

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Recent Progress in Three‐Terminal Artificial Synapses: From Device to System

Small, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 15(32)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2019

Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous signals. Synaptic plasticity allows changes in synaptic strength that make a brain capable learning from experience. During development neuromorphic electronics, great efforts have been made design and fabricate electronic devices emulate synapses. Three-terminal artificial synapses merits concurrently transmitting signals learning. Inorganic organic mimicked Optoelectronic photonic prospective benefits low electrical energy loss, high bandwidth, mechanical robustness. These provide new opportunities for systems can use parallel processing manipulate datasets real time. also used build sensory systems. Here, recent progress application three-terminal is reviewed.

Язык: Английский

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