Soil multitrophic network complexity enhances the link between biodiversity and multifunctionality in agricultural systems

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 28(1), С. 140 - 153

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Belowground biodiversity supports multiple ecosystem functions and services that humans rely on. However, there is a dearth of studies exploring the determinants biodiversity-ecosystem function (BEF) relationships, particularly in intensely managed agricultural ecosystems. Here, we reported significant positive relationships between soil organism groups 228 fields, relating to crop yield, nutrient provisioning, element cycling, pathogen control. The were influenced by types organisms phylotypes with larger sizes or at higher trophic levels, for example, invertebrates protist predators, appeared exhibit weaker no BEF when compared those smaller lower archaea, bacteria, fungi, phototrophs. Particularly, highlighted role network complexity, reflected co-occurrence patterns among multitrophic-level organisms, enhancing link functions. Our results represent advance forecasting impacts belowground multitrophic on systems, suggest complexity should be considered key factor productivity sustainability under land-use intensification.

Язык: Английский

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Reduction of microbial diversity in grassland soil is driven by long-term climate warming

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(7), С. 1054 - 1062

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil‐associated consumers from protists to vertebrates

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 97(3), С. 1057 - 1117

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2022

Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on services. Simultaneous assessment roles multiple is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge feeding habits many insufficient based limited evidence. Over last two decades, molecular, biochemical isotopic tools have improved understanding various soil organisms, yet this still be synthesised into a common framework. Here, we provide comprehensive review consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- macrofauna (invertebrates), soil-associated vertebrates. We integrated existing group classifications findings gained novel methods compiled an overarching classification across focusing key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights strands evidence that commonly used ecology models are types resources. In cases, omnivory observed down species level taxonomic resolution, challenging realism traditional distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, stable isotope, fatty acid DNA gut content analyses, revealed previously hidden facets trophic relationships consumers, assimilation, multichannel levels, niche differentiation importance alternative food/prey, well transfers compartments. Wider adoption development open interoperable platforms assemble morphological, ecological data will enable refinement expansion multifunctional soil. The serve reference for working changes biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, making research more accessible reproducible.

Язык: Английский

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Association of biochar properties with changes in soil bacterial, fungal and fauna communities and nutrient cycling processes

Biochar, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 3(3), С. 239 - 254

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2021

Abstract Soil microorganisms play crucial roles in soil nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, fertility maintenance and crop health production. To date, the responses of microorganisms, such as microbial activity, diversity, community structure cycling processes, to biochar addition have been widely reported. However, relationships between groups (bacteria, fungi microscopic fauna) physicochemical properties not summarized. In this review, we conclude that affects growth, diversity compositions by directly providing growth promoters for biota or indirectly changing basic properties. The porous structure, labile C, high pH electrochemical an important role determining abundance communities, their mediated N P while effects underlying mechanisms vary with types are affected pyrolysis temperature feedstock type. Finally, highlight some issues related research methodology subjects still poorly understood controversial, perspectives further addition.

Язык: Английский

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Organism body size structures the soil microbial and nematode community assembly at a continental and global scale

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2020

Body size is a key life-history trait that influences community assembly by affecting how ecological processes operate at the organism level. However, extent to which relative of mediate differentially sized soil organisms still unknown. Here, we investigate microorganisms and microfauna using continental-scale sampling effort combined with global-scale meta-analysis. Our results reveal general relationship between body stochastic-deterministic balance operating on assembly. The smallest (bacteria) are relatively more influenced dispersal-based stochastic processes, while larger ones (fungi, protists nematodes) structured selection-based deterministic processes. This study elucidates significant consistent an distinct in mediating their respective assemblages, thus providing better understanding mechanisms supporting biodiversity.

Язык: Английский

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Temperature and pH define the realised niche space of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 231(2), С. 763 - 776

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2021

Summary The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are a globally distributed group of soil organisms that play critical roles in ecosystem function. However, the ecological niches individual AM fungal taxa poorly understood. We collected > 300 samples from natural ecosystems worldwide and modelled realised virtual (VT; approximately species‐level phylogroups). found environmental spatial variables jointly explained VT distribution worldwide, with temperature pH being most important abiotic drivers, effects generally occurring at local to regional scales. While dispersal limitation could explain some variation distribution, relative abundance was almost exclusively driven by variables. Several on were correlated phylogeny, indicating closely related exhibit similar niche optima widths. Major clades within Glomeraceae exhibited distinct optima, Acaulosporaceae had low conditions, Gigasporaceae high precipitation conditions. Identification space occupied phylogenetic groups microbial provides basis for building detailed hypotheses about how communities respond gradients manipulation worldwide.

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the crucial role of soil microorganisms in carbon cycling: A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 909, С. 168627 - 168627

Опубликована: Ноя. 17, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Regional-Scale In-Depth Analysis of Soil Fungal Diversity Reveals Strong pH and Plant Species Effects in Northern Europe

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2020

Soil microbiome has a pivotal role in ecosystem functioning, yet little is known about its build-up from local to regional scales. In multi-year regional-scale survey involving 1251 plots and long-read third-generation sequencing, we found that soil pH the strongest effect on diversity of fungi multiple taxonomic functional groups. The effects were typically unimodal, usually both direct indirect through tree species, nutrients or mold abundance. Individual particularly Pinus sylvestris, Picea abies, Populus x wettsteinii, overall ectomycorrhizal plant proportion had relatively stronger biotrophic than saprotrophic fungi. We strong temporal sampling investigator biases for abundance molds, but generally all spatial, microclimatic weak. Richness several groups was highest woodlands around ruins buildings lowest bogs, with marked group-specific trends. contrast our expectations, tended be higher forest island habitats potentially due edge effect, fungal richness declined distance response fragmentation. Virgin forests supported somewhat old non-pristine forests, there no differences between natural anthropogenic such as parks coppiced gardens. Diversity most suffered management seminatural thinning especially results depended group time since partial harvesting. conclude positive represent combined niche properties intimate associations.

Язык: Английский

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Diversity and ecology of protists revealed by metabarcoding

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(19), С. R1267 - R1280

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021

Protists are the dominant eukaryotes in biosphere where they play key functional roles. While protists have been studied for over a century, it is high-throughput sequencing of molecular markers from environmental samples — approach metabarcoding that has revealed just how diverse, and abundant, these small organisms are. Metabarcoding now routine to survey diversity, so data rapidly accumulated multitude environments at different sampling scales. This mass provided unprecedented opportunities study taxonomic diversity protists, this organised space time. Here, we use as common thread discuss state knowledge protist research, technical considerations important insights gained on patterns processes might structured diversity. In addition insights, conclude verge an exciting added dimension thanks maturation long-read sequencing, robust eco-evolutionary framework within reach.

Язык: Английский

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Global homogenization of the structure and function in the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 7(28)

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2021

This study provides new insights into how the soil microbiome of urban greenspaces differs from surrounding natural ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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