Greenspace and human health: An umbrella review

The Innovation, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2(4), С. 100164 - 100164

Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2021

Multiple systematic reviews on greenspace and health outcomes exist, but the overall evidence base remains unclear. Therefore, we performed an umbrella review to collect appraise all relevant of epidemiological studies greenness exposure health. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web Science from inception June 28, 2021, screened references articles. Systematic with or without meta-analyses that examined associations any outcome were included. Two independent investigators study selection data extraction. also evaluated methodological quality included using "Assessing Methodological Quality Reviews 2" checklist. A total 40 included, which most cross-sectional conducted in high-income countries. Greenspace was estimated various objective subjective parameters. Beneficial all-cause stroke-specific mortality, CVD morbidity, cardiometabolic factors, mental health, low birth weight, physical activity, sleep quality, urban crime observed. No consistent between other (e.g., cancers) Most had one more limitations methodology. Our findings provide supportive regarding beneficial effects some aspects human However, credibility such compromised by limitations. Better as well longitudinal designed primary are needed validate this conclusion.

Язык: Английский

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Gut Microbiota, Probiotics, and Their Interactions in Prevention and Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: A Review

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2021

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a public health concern and increasing in prevalence urban areas. Recent advances sequencing technology have demonstrated that the development of AD not only associate with skin microbiome but gut microbiota. Gut microbiota plays an important role allergic diseases including AD. The hypothesis “gut-skin” axis has been proposed cross-talk mechanism between them gradually research. Probiotics contribute to improvement intestinal environment, balance immune responses, regulation metabolic activity. Most studies suggest probiotic supplements may be alternative for prevention treatment This study aimed discuss effects probiotics on clinical manifestation based microbial alterations. Here we reviewed alteration patients AD, association microbiota, epidermal barrier, toll-like receptors, interaction potential mechanisms alleviating via upregulation barrier signaling had discussed, their possible effective substances explored. provides supports targeting attenuate

Язык: Английский

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The human gut microbiome and health inequities

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118(25)

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2021

Individuals who are minoritized as a result of race, sexual identity, gender, or socioeconomic status experience higher prevalence many diseases. Understanding the biological processes that cause and maintain these socially driven health inequities is essential for addressing them. The gut microbiome strongly shaped by host environments affects metabolic, immune, neuroendocrine functions, making it an important pathway which differences in experiences caused social, political, economic forces could contribute to inequities. Nevertheless, few studies have directly integrated into investigations Here, we argue accounting host-gut microbe interactions will improve understanding management inequities, policy must begin consider linking population health.

Язык: Английский

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The Gut Microbiome in Hypertension

Circulation Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 128(7), С. 934 - 950

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2021

The pathogenesis of hypertension is known to involve a diverse range contributing factors including genetic, environmental, hormonal, hemodynamic and inflammatory forces, name few. There mounting evidence suggest that the gut microbiome plays an important role in development hypertension. gastrointestinal tract, which houses largest compartment immune cells body, represents intersection environment host. Accordingly, lifestyle shape are modulated by microbiome, modifying risk for hypertensive disease. One well-studied example consumption dietary fibers, leads production short-chain fatty acids can contribute expansion anti-inflammatory cells, consequently protecting against progression Dietary interventions such as fasting have also been shown impact via microbiome. Studying disease presents variety unique challenges use traditional model systems. Integrating considerations into preclinical research crucial, novel strategies account reciprocal host-microbiome interactions, wildling mouse model, may provide new opportunities translation. intricacies matter ongoing research, there several technical should be accounted moving forward. In this review we insights interaction summarize its importance regulation blood pressure. Additionally, recommendations future from field at large readily integrated context

Язык: Английский

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Why garden? – Attitudes and the perceived health benefits of home gardening

Cities, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 112, С. 103118 - 103118

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2021

Domestic (home) gardens provide opportunities for psychological and physical health benefits, yet these environments have received less attention in terms of their therapeutic value compared to other urban green spaces. This is despite ubiquity the popularity gardening as a pastime. research explored why residents engaged with extent which they recognised any benefits from activity. A questionnaire was distributed electronically within UK, 5766 gardeners 249 non-gardeners responding. Data were collated on factors including garden typology, frequency individual perceptions well-being. Significant associations found between improvements well-being, perceived stress activity more frequent gardening. Gardening basis i.e. at least 2–3 times week, corresponded greatest benefits. Improving health, however, not prime motivator garden, but rather direct pleasure brought participants. There evidence that satisfaction one's front time spent it increased proportion vegetation enhanced. The data supports notion domestic should be given greater prominence planning debates, due role play providing

Язык: Английский

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Climate change and global health: A call to more research and more action

Allergy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 77(5), С. 1389 - 1407

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2022

There is increasing understanding, globally, that climate change and increased pollution will have a profound mostly harmful effect on human health. This review brings together international experts to describe both the direct (such as heat waves) indirect vector-borne disease incidence) health impacts of change. These vary depending vulnerability (i.e., existing diseases) international, economic, political, environmental context. unique also expands these issues address third category potential longer-term global health: famine, population dislocation, justice education. scholarly resource explores fully, linking them in urban rural settings developed developing countries. The finishes with practical discussion action professionals around world our field can yet take.

Язык: Английский

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Nature-based biopsychosocial resilience: An integrative theoretical framework for research on nature and health

Environment International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 181, С. 108234 - 108234

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2023

Nature-based solutions including urban forests and wetlands can help communities cope better with climate change other environmental stressors by enhancing social-ecological resilience. Natural ecosystems, settings, elements affordances also individuals become more personally resilient to a variety of stressors, although the mechanisms underpinning individual-level nature-based resilience, their relations are not well articulated. We propose 'nature-based biopsychosocial resilience theory' (NBRT) address these gaps. Our framework begins suggesting that refer both: a) person's set adaptive resources; b) processes which resources deployed. Drawing on existing nature-health perspectives, we argue nature contact support build maintain biological, psychological, social (i.e. biopsychosocial) resilience-related resources. Together can: i) reduce risk various (preventive resilience); ii) enhance reactions stressful circumstances (response resilience), and/or iii) facilitate rapid complete recovery from stress (recovery resilience). Reference three supports integration across familiar pathways involving harm reduction, capacity building, restoration. Evidence in theory, potential interventions promote issues require further consideration discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Exposure Ecology Drives a Unified Understanding of the Nexus of (Urban) Natural Ecosystem, Ecological Exposure, and Health

Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

The intersection of ecology and exposure science with health concerns has led to a gradual infiltration these disciplines. Exposure (urban) natural ecosystems, defined as ecological exposure, proven be substantially beneficial health, providing more effective preventive measures than dealing downstream consequences the disease. Besides, eco-environment & field have shifted its paradigm from focusing on negative environmental exploring positive benefits exposure. However, unified framework that integrates nexus ecosystem, is still lacking. To address challenges, here, we propose new (discipline), (EE), reviewed relevant studies. We suggest domain scope EE include subject-reality, object-reality, subject-virtual, object-virtual dimensions all previous studies can covered within this coordinate frame. analyze trends shortcomings each explain pathways including reduction, restoration, promotion capacity, potential harm. Furthermore, discuss theoretical basis for formation EE, well EE-derived hypotheses, implications, connections other related fields. In short, EE-driven holistic critical review enhances our understanding frontier topic substantially, it serve realizing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Язык: Английский

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Biodiversity and human health: A scoping review and examples of underrepresented linkages

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 246, С. 118115 - 118115

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Mounting evidence supports the connections between exposure to environmental typologies––such as green spaces––and human health. However, mechanistic links that connect biodiversity (the variety of life) and health, extent supporting remain less clear. Here, we undertook a scoping review map health summarise levels associated using an established weight framework. Distinct from other reviews, provide additional context regarding environment-microbiome-health axis, evaluate buffering pathway (e.g., impacts on air pollution), examples three under- or minimally-represented linkages. The are (1) Indigenous Peoples' (2) urban social equity, (3) COVID-19. We observed moderate level support microbiota-human moderate-high broader nature pathways greenspace) various outcomes, stress reduction enhanced wellbeing improved cohesion. studies did not typically include specific metrics, indicating clear research gaps. Further is required understand causative metrics such taxonomy, diversity/richness, structure, function) outcomes. There well-established frameworks assess effects broad classifications These can assist future in linking Our underrepresented linkages highlight roles its loss lived experiences, infectious diseases, sovereignty livelihoods. More awareness these socioecological interconnections needed.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of climate change on immune responses and barrier defense

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 153(5), С. 1194 - 1205

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Climate change is not just jeopardizing the health of our planet, but it increasingly impacting immune health.There an expanding body evidence that climaterelated exposures, such as air pollution, heat, wildfires, extreme weather events, and biodiversity loss significantly disrupt functioning human system.These exposures manifest in a broad range stimuli including antigens, allergens, heat stress, pollutants, microbiota changes, other toxic substances.Such pose direct indirect threat to body's primary line defense, epithelial barrier, affecting its physical integrity functional efficacy.Furthermore, these climate-related environmental stressors can hyper-stimulate innate system influence adaptive immunity, notably terms developing preserving tolerance.The or failure tolerance instigate wide spectrum non-communicable diseases autoimmune conditions, allergy, respiratory illnesses, metabolic diseases, obesity, others.As continues unravel, there need for additional research climate immunology covers diverse environments different global settings, employing modern biological epidemiological tools.

Язык: Английский

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