Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(4), С. 044041 - 044041
Опубликована: Март 9, 2022
Recent
advances
in
citizen
weather
station
(CWS)
networks,
with
data
accessible
via
crowd-sourcing,
provide
relevant
climatic
information
to
urban
scientists
and
decision
makers.
In
particular,
CWS
can
long-term
measurements
of
heat
valuable
on
spatio-temporal
heterogeneity
related
horizontal
advection.
this
study,
we
make
the
first
compilation
a
quasi-climatologic
dataset
covering
six
years
(2015-2020)
hourly
near-surface
air
temperature
obtained
1560
suitable
domain
south-east
England
Greater
London.
We
investigated
distribution
influences
local
environments
climate,
captured
by
through
scope
Local
Climate
Zones
(LCZ)-a
land-use
land-cover
classification
specifically
designed
for
climate
studies.
further
calculate,
time,
amount
advected
located
London
wider
south
east
region.
find
that
is
average
warmer
about
1.0
∘C-1.5
∘C
than
rest
England.
Characteristics
southern
coastal
are
also
analysis.
average,
advection
(UHA)
contributes
0.22
±
0.96
total
Certain
areas,
mostly
centre
deprived
since
transferred
more
downwind
suburban
areas.
UHA
positively
contribute
up
1.57
∘C,
negatively
down
-1.21
∘C.
Our
results
show
an
important
degree
inter-
intra-LCZ
variability
UHA,
calling
research
future.
Nevertheless,
already
impact
green
areas
reduce
their
cooling
benefit.
Such
outcomes
added
value
when
considering
future
design.
Frontiers in Environmental Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2021
In
recent
years,
the
collection
and
utilisation
of
crowdsourced
data
has
gained
attention
in
atmospheric
sciences
citizen
weather
stations
(CWS),
i.e.,
privately-owned
whose
owners
share
their
publicly
via
internet,
have
become
increasingly
popular.
This
is
particularly
case
for
cities,
where
traditional
measurement
networks
are
sparse.
Rigorous
quality
control
(QC)
CWS
essential
prior
to
any
application.
this
study,
we
present
QC
package
“CrowdQC+,”
which
identifies
removes
faulty
air-temperature
(
ta
)
from
sets,
several
tens
thousands
CWS.
The
a
further
development
existing
“CrowdQC.”
While
levels
functionalities
predecessor
kept,
CrowdQC+
extends
it
increase
performance,
enhance
applicability,
user-friendliness.
Firstly,
two
new
introduced.
first
implements
spatial
that
mainly
addresses
radiation
errors,
second
temporal
correction
regarding
sensor-response
time.
Secondly,
aim
at
making
more
flexible
apply
sets
different
lengths
sizes,
enabling
also
near-real
time
Thirdly,
additional
helper
functions
user-friendliness
package.
As
its
predecessor,
does
not
require
reference
meteorological
data.
performance
tested
with
1-year
hundreds
“Netatmo”
cities
Amsterdam,
Netherlands,
Toulouse,
France.
Quality-controlled
compared
professionally-operated
(PRWS).
Results
show
effectively
both
leading
lower
deviations
between
PRWS
predecessor.
It
shown
leads
robust
results
sizes/densities.
Further
could
include
testing
suitability
other
variables
than
,
such
as
air
pressure
or
specific
humidity,
on
background
climates
tropical
desert
incorporate
added
filter
improvement.
Overall,
lead
way
utilise
world-wide
urban
climate
applications.
Geophysical Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
49(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2022
Abstract
The
significant
reduction
in
human
activities
during
COVID‐19
lockdown
is
anticipated
to
substantially
influence
urban
climates,
especially
heat
islands
(UHIs).
However,
the
UHI
variations
periods
remain
be
quantified.
Based
on
MODIS
daily
land
surface
temperature
and
in‐situ
air
observations,
we
reveal
a
substantial
decline
both
canopy
UHIs
over
300‐plus
megacities
China
compared
with
reference
periods.
intensity
(UHII)
reduced
by
0.25
(one
S.D.
=
0.22)
K
daytime
0.23
(0.20)
at
night
reductions
UHII
reach
0.42
0.26)
0.39
(0.29)
night.
These
are
mainly
due
near‐unprecedented
drop
induced
strict
measures.
Our
results
provide
an
improved
understanding
of
climate
global
pandemic.
Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(5), С. 054044 - 054044
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2022
Abstract
Urban
heat
islands
(UHIs)
are
a
widely
studied
phenomenon,
while
research
on
urban-rural
differences
in
humidity,
the
so
called
urban
dry
or
moisture
(UDIs,
UMIs),
is
less
common
and
large-scale
quantification
of
seasonal
diurnal
patterns
UDI
still
lacking.
However,
UDI/UMI
effect
essential
to
understand
impacts
humidity
outdoor
thermal
comfort,
building
energy
consumption,
ecology
cities
worldwide.
Here,
we
use
set
globally
distributed
air
temperature
measurements
(1089
stations)
quantify
UHI
resulting
from
rapid
urbanization
over
many
regions
world.
The
terms
‘absolute
UDI’
‘relative
defined,
which
urban–rural
actual
relative
metrics,
respectively.
Results
show
that
absolute
largest
during
daytime
with
peak
decrease
areas
occurring
late
afternoon
hours.
In
contrast,
night
(RH)
vapor
pressure
deficit
(VPD)
increase
occurs
evening
hours
values
around
−10%
−11%
for
RH
2.9–3.6
hPa
VPD
between
20–00
local
time
summer.
Relative
UDIs
warm
season,
except
UDI,
does
not
any
pattern.
agreement
literature,
canopy
shown
be
nighttime
larger
summer
than
winter.
predominantly
caused
by
changes
day
nighttime.
