Dietary regulation in health and disease

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2022

Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan delaying ageing various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate human. It emerges develop precision-nutrition therapeutics slow age-related biological processes treat diverse diseases. However, nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals well organs tissues, which brings challenges this field. In review, we summarize different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed improvement disease treatment pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, metabolism pathways, epigenetic circadian clocks. Comparably, describe diet-responsive effectors by influence endocrinic, immunological, microbial neural states responsible improving health preventing multiple diseases humans. Furthermore, expatiate patterns dietotheroapies, fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic high-fibre plants-based protein restriction diet with specific reduction amino acids microelements, potentially affecting morbid states. Altogether, emphasize profound nutritional therapy, highlight crosstalk explored critical factors individualized therapeutic approaches predictors.

Язык: Английский

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Late isocaloric eating increases hunger, decreases energy expenditure, and modifies metabolic pathways in adults with overweight and obesity

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(10), С. 1486 - 1498.e7

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Circadian disruption, clock genes, and metabolic health

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 134(14)

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2024

A growing body of research has identified circadian-rhythm disruption as a risk factor for metabolic health. However, the underlying biological basis remains complex, and complete molecular mechanisms are unknown. There is emerging evidence from animal human to suggest that expression core circadian genes, such locomotor output cycles kaput gene (CLOCK), brain muscle ARNT-Like 1 (BMAL1), period (PER), cyptochrome (CRY), consequent hundreds genes integral regulation cellular metabolism. These represent potential pathophysiological pathways linking adverse health outcomes, including obesity, syndrome, type 2 diabetes. Here, we aim summarize select in vivo models compare these results with epidemiologic findings advance understanding existing foundational mechanistic links between altered clock contributions health-related pathologies. Findings have important implications treatment, prevention, control pathologies leading causes death disability, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer.

Язык: Английский

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The sleep–circadian interface: A window into mental disorders

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(9)

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Sleep, circadian rhythms, and mental health are reciprocally interlinked. Disruption to the quality, continuity, timing of sleep can precipitate or exacerbate psychiatric symptoms in susceptible individuals, while treatments that target sleep-circadian disturbances alleviate psychopathology. Conversely, poor disrupt clock-controlled processes. Despite progress elucidating underlying mechanisms, a cohesive approach integrates dynamic interactions between disorder with both processes is lacking. This review synthesizes recent evidence for dysfunction as transdiagnostic contributor range disorders, an emphasis on biological mechanisms. We highlight observations from adolescent young adults, who at greatest risk developing whom early detection intervention promise benefit. In particular, we aim a) integrate factors implicated pathophysiology treatment mood, anxiety, psychosis spectrum perspective; b) need reframe existing knowledge adopt integrated which recognizes interaction factors; c) identify important gaps opportunities further research.

Язык: Английский

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Interorgan rhythmicity as a feature of healthful metabolism

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(4), С. 655 - 669

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism

Journal of Pineal Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 76(4)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

Abstract The circadian timing system controls glucose metabolism in a time‐of‐day dependent manner. In mammals, the consists of main central clock bilateral suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) anterior hypothalamus and subordinate clocks peripheral tissues. oscillations produced by these different with period approximately 24‐h are generated transcriptional‐translational feedback loops set core genes. Glucose homeostasis is one daily rhythms controlled this system. pacemaker SCN through its neural projections to hypothalamic hubs that control feeding behavior energy metabolism. Using hormones such as adrenal glucocorticoids melatonin autonomic nervous system, modulates critical processes production insulin sensitivity. Peripheral tissues, liver, muscle, adipose tissue serve enhance sustain signals. optimal situation all synchronized aligned environmental light/dark cycle. A negative impact on becomes apparent when internal disturbed, also known desynchrony or misalignment. Circadian may occur at several levels, mistiming light exposure sleep will especially affect clock, whereas food intake physical activity involve clocks. review, we summarize literature investigating how it result development resistance. addition, discuss potential strategies aimed reinstating synchrony improve sensitivity contribute prevention type 2 diabetes.

Язык: Английский

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Keeping an eye on circadian time in clinical research and medicine

Clinical and Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Interplay of Dinner Timing andMTNR1BType 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Diabetes Care, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 45(3), С. 512 - 519

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2022

OBJECTIVE We tested whether the concurrence of food intake and elevated concentrations endogenous melatonin, as occurs with late eating, results in impaired glucose control, particular carriers type 2 diabetes–associated G allele melatonin receptor-1B gene (MTNR1B). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a Spanish natural late-eating population, randomized, crossover study was performed. Each participant (n = 845) underwent two evening 2-h 75-g oral tolerance tests following an 8-h fast: early condition scheduled 4 h prior to habitual bedtime (“early dinner timing”) 1 (“late timing”), simulating timing, respectively. Differences postprandial insulin responses between timing were determined using incremental area under curve (AUC) calculated by trapezoidal method. RESULTS Melatonin serum levels 3.5-fold higher versus condition, resulting 6.7% lower AUC 8.3% AUC. The effect eating impairing stronger MTNR1B G-allele than noncarriers. Genotype differences attributed reductions β-cell function (P for interaction, Pint 0.009, corrected response 0.022, disposition index 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Concurrently high carbohydrate intake, typical impairs tolerance, especially G-risk carriers, attributable secretion defects.

Язык: Английский

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Complex physiology and clinical implications of time-restricted eating

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(4), С. 1991 - 2034

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022

Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary intervention that limits food consumption to specific time window each day. The effect of TRE on body weight and physiological functions has been extensively studied in rodent models, which have shown considerable therapeutic effects important interactions among eating, circadian biology, metabolic homeostasis. In contrast, it difficult make firm conclusions regarding the people because heterogeneity results, regimens, study populations. this review, we 1) provide background history meal normal physiology fasting; 2) discuss interaction between molecular metabolism TRE; 3) integrate results preclinical clinical studies evaluated functions; 4) summarize other time-related interventions people; identify current gaps knowledge framework for future research directions.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic and chemical architecture of the mammalian circadian clock

Cell chemical biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(9), С. 1033 - 1052

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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