Effect of exclosure on woody plant species diversity, structural attributes, and functional trait responses in dry evergreen Afromontane forests, North-eastern highlands of Ethiopia

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 563, С. 121973 - 121973

Опубликована: Май 18, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The regeneration ratio: Combining seedling growth and mortality data to predict regeneration success

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 556, С. 121737 - 121737

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Deciduous forests use carbon more efficiently than evergreen forests

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Terrestrial ecosystems have been serving as a strong carbon sink that offsets one quarter of anthropogenic CO₂ emissions. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), the percentage photosynthesized is available for biomass production and other secondary products, factor determining size. The global variation in CUE remains unclear, however, recent reports disagree over responses to temperature, dryness, forest types stand age, there are limited direct observations constrain related uncertainty. Here, we propose infer from spatially distributed land-atmosphere exchange eddy covariance sites based on first principles ecosystem respiration - photosynthesis coupling. Across 2737 site-years, derived 0.43 ± 0.11, consistent with previous inventory-based estimates (0.46 0.12, n = 244) but better representation spatial-temporal CUE. We find consistently decreases precipitation, light availability significant difference baseline among biomes. Importantly, deciduous forests typically 15% higher than evergreen forests, suggesting long-term more efficient using photosynthate. Our study advances understanding provides new insights guide best practices conservation, management, restoration sequestration.

Язык: Английский

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Developing a predictive science of the biosphere requires the integration of scientific cultures

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 121(19)

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2024

Increasing the speed of scientific progress is urgently needed to address many challenges associated with biosphere in Anthropocene. Consequently, critical question becomes: How can science most rapidly large, complex global problems? We suggest that lag development a more predictive not only because so much complex, or we do have enough data, are doing experiments, but, large part, unresolved tension between three dominant cultures pervade research community. introduce and explain concept present novel analysis their characteristics, supported by examples formal mathematical definition/representation what this means implies. The operate, varying degrees, across all science. However, within biosciences, contrast some other sciences, they remain relatively separated, lack integration has hindered potential power insight. Our solution accelerating broader, enhance cultures. process integration—Scientific Transculturalism—recognizes push for interdisciplinary research, general, just enough. Unless these formally appreciated thinking iteratively integrated into discovery advancement, there will continue be numerous significant increasingly limit forecasting prediction efforts.

Язык: Английский

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Inconsistent responses of above- and below-ground to 8 years increased snow depth at the alpine meadow in the permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau

Plant and Soil, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Plant traits shape global spatiotemporal variations in photosynthetic efficiency

Nature Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Increasing leaf sizes of the vine Epipremnum aureum (Araceae): photosynthesis and respiration

PeerJ, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13, С. e19214 - e19214

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

The canopy leaves of allomorphic aroid vines can exceed 2,000 cm 2 , up to 30 times larger than respective understorey leaves. In the literature, this increase in leaf area was hypothesized improve its light foraging capacity. viability these large depends on carbon acquisition obtained from their and costs production, maintenance support. To evaluate understand how enlargement affects performance, we analyzed photosynthesis respiration Epipremnum aureum different sizes via photosynthetic response curves, morpho-physiology anatomical parameters. Leaf size increased by varying growth direction (horizontal vs . vertical) conditions (low high). Vertical plants high produced 9–13 those under other conditions. Saturated rates per were similar across E. regardless size, but while specific decreased This may suggests that do not offset unit short term, despite field observations continuous with plant size. However, levels able saturate are achieved only positioned at canopies (PPFD around 1,000 µmol m −2 s −1 ), occurring understory where smaller 100 ). is confirmed higher values relative rate (RGR) net assimilation (NAR) parameters exhibited vertical light. saturated found here experimental for could be related invasive capacities as alien species world. We propose might outweighed a strategy optimizes morphophysiology, anatomy, and, lifespan maximize lifetime gain tropical forests.

Язык: Английский

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Contrasting leaf structural, photosynthetic and allocation responses to elevated [CO2] in different-aged leaves of tropical fruit trees Persea americana and Annona muricata

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 223, С. 109842 - 109842

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025

Язык: Английский

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A Global Synthesis of How Plants Respond to Climate Warming From Traits to Fitness

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Despite intensive research, our understanding of how plants respond to warming by coordinating their full arsenal traits adjust fitness is lacking. To fill this gap, we applied a trait‐based framework with three clusters (two functional clusters: “carbon‐fixation rate” and area”; third cluster: “total carbon fixation”) global dataset compiled from 572 studies experiments 677 species comprehensive list components. The pairwise correlation analysis complemented SEM PCA showed that increased biomass (the core variable in the cluster) under satellite two traits, net photosynthesis rate total leaf area, respectively. In particular, trait coordination was characterised maintenance increase which robust across ecological contexts although responses variables per se displayed context‐dependences. Moreover, trade‐offs between reproduction (itself bearing mass vs. number trade‐offs) scaled enhance except where reduced. These findings could help explain predict plant form function world.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptation in Wood Anatomical Traits to Temperature and Precipitation—A Common Garden Study

Plant Cell & Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Indisputably, temperature and precipitation are key environmental variables driving plant trait variation shaping ecological strategies. However, it is challenging to ascertain their relative influences because site often correlated. Here, using Eucalyptus as a model system representing woody evergreen species more broadly, we sought disentangle influence on wood anatomical traits underpinning hydraulics. From common garden sampled 29 pairs of closely‐related species, each species‐pair either contrast in or precipitation, but never both. Very clearly, both phylogenetic non‐phylogenetic analyses, from lower‐rainfall colder regions had thicker vessel walls, likely an adaptation drought freezing, enabling water transport at negative potentials with reduced risk cavitation implosion. On average, warmer smaller vessels, theoretical hydraulic conductivity remained stable across temperatures due increased density compensating for diameters. These trends being observed adult plants grown under conditions suggests that anatomy “hard‐wired”, gene × environment interactions relatively weak. This insight understanding the trait‐basis strategies related climate.

Язык: Английский

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