Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(3), С. 304 - 313
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2024
Modafinil
is
primarily
used
to
treat
narcolepsy
but
also
as
an
off-label
cognitive
enhancer.
Functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
studies
indicate
that
modafinil
modulates
the
connectivity
of
neocortical
networks
involved
in
attention
and
executive
functions.
However,
much
less
known
about
drug's
effects
on
subcortical
structures.
Following
preliminary
findings,
we
evaluated
modafinil's
activity
distinct
cerebellar
regions
with
neocortex.
We
assessed
spatial
relationship
these
expression
neurotransmitter
receptors/transporters.
Patterns
resting-state
functional
were
estimated
50
participants
from
scans
acquired
pre-
postadministration
a
single
(100
mg)
dose
(n
=
25)
or
placebo
25).
Using
specific
seeds
for
voxelwise
analyses,
examined
modulation
cerebellar-neocortical
connectivity.
Next,
conducted
quantitative
evaluation
overlap
between
receptors/transporters
obtained
by
publicly
available
databases.
increased
crus
I
vermis
IX
prefrontal
regions.
Crus
changes
associated
dopaminergic
D2
receptors.
The
I-II
showed
enhanced
coupling
dorsal
anterior
cingulate
cortex
matched
histaminergic
H3
VII-VIII
displayed
visual
cortex,
neurotransmission.
Our
study
reveals
modulatory
mainly
involves
spatially
overlaps
distribution
Human Brain Mapping,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
46(4)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
This
study
integrated
neuroimaging
and
neurochemistry
data
to
explore
brain
mechanisms
in
chronic
insomnia
disorder
(CID)
the
neuromodulatory
effects
of
acupuncture.
We
analyzed
a
cross‐sectional
arterial
spin
labeling
(ASL)
dataset
(
N
=
197)
CID
patients
healthy
controls
identify
cerebral
blood
flow
(CBF)
changes.
Additionally,
longitudinal
ASL
44)
examined
CBF
changes
after
4‐week
acupuncture
treatment
or
on
waitlist.
then
assessed
impact
19
neurotransmitter
receptors/transporters
these
alterations.
In
comparisons,
exhibited
increased
cortical
areas
decreased
subcortical
regions,
correlating
with
severity.
enhanced
alleviated
symptoms,
not
observed
waitlist
group.
The
left
putamen
was
identified
as
an
overlapping
region
involved
both
CID‐related
post‐treatment
Moreover,
patterns
induced
by
negatively
correlated
abnormal
patients,
were
significantly
associated
GABAa
dopamine‐D1
receptor
densities.
decrease
could
potentially
serve
neural
biomarker
for
CID,
while
may
alleviate
symptoms
increasing
this
region,
through
modulation
D1
expressions.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2023
Abstract
A
central
challenge
of
neuroscience
is
to
elucidate
how
the
orchestration
brain
function
modulated
by
different
states
consciousness.
Here,
we
investigate
link
between
distributed
structural
and
functional
organisation
in
MRI
signals
non-human
primates,
through
bi-directional
causal
manipulations
During
varying
levels
propofol,
sevoflurane,
or
ketamine
anaesthesia,
subsequent
restoration
responsiveness
deep
stimulation
thalamus,
loss
consciousness
impacts
patterns
structure-function
across
scales.
Combining
specificity
electrical
with
global
fMRI
coverage
entire
cortex,
report
that
activity
under
anaesthesia
increasingly
constrained
structure
scales,
coinciding
anaesthetic-induced
collapse
multiple
dimensions
hierarchical
cortical
organisation.
Crucially,
show
these
signatures
are
observed
anaesthetics,
they
reversed
recovery
behavioural
markers
during
propofol
anaesthesia.
No
such
effects
were
upon
a
control
anatomical
site,
ventral
lateral
demonstrating
specificity.
Through
integrate
pharmacology
intracranial
our
results
identify
local
specific
nuclei
thalamus.
Overall,
present
work
broadens
understanding
network
supporting
consciousness,
interplay
architecture.
Pharmaceuticals,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(3), С. 380 - 380
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
The
growing
body
of
evidence
supporting
the
therapeutic
efficacy
psychoactive
substances,
like
psilocybin,
has
driven
significant
interest
in
recent
decades
due
to
their
low
toxicity
and
potential
applications
treating
various
mental
health
disorders.
However,
producing
pharmaceutical-grade
psilocybin
remains
challenging,
with
three
primary
approaches:
chemical
synthesis,
biosynthesis,
extraction
from
Psilocybe
mushroom
fruiting
bodies.
This
systematic
review
evaluates
quantification
methods
for
psilocin,
aiming
contribute
development
standardized
protocols
that
ensure
compound
quality
purity.
A
total
25
relevant
studies
were
selected
an
initial
pool
9152
publications
indexed
platforms
such
as
Scopus,
ScienceDirect,
Web
Science,
PubMed.
findings
indicate
both
method
choice
species
significantly
influence
yields.
Ultrasonic
bath
was
identified
most
efficient
technique,
particularly
including
cyanescens
cubensis.
High-performance
liquid
chromatography
(HPLC)
most-used
identifying
quantifying
these
compounds.
Furthermore,
polar
solvents
critical
effective
solubilization,
parameters
temperature,
solvent-to-material
ratio,
time
playing
key
roles
optimizing
serves
a
scientific
reference
advancing
research,
enhancing
analytical
precision,
ensuring
reproducibility
through
standardization
protocols.
NeuroImage,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 121242 - 121242
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Modafinil
promotes
wakefulness
and
enhances
cognitive
function
through
mechanisms
neural
effects
that
are
still
partially
unknown.
Several
studies
have
shown
the
compound
alters
functional
cortical
architecture.
In
contrast,
its
influence
on
subcortical
regions
thalamocortical
connections,
which
crucial
for
modulating
neocortical
connectivity,
remains
unexplored.
The
acute
modulation
of
thalamo-cortical
connectivity
was
assessed
in
two
groups
participants
who
received
either
a
single
100
mg
dose
modafinil
(N=25)
or
placebo
(N=25).
Magnetic
Resonance
Imaging
(MRI)
used
to
parcel
thalamus
into
constituent
nuclei,
served
as
seeds
voxel-wise
resting
state
analyses.
Additionally,
maps
nuclei-specific
reorganization
were
compared
those
receptor/transporter
expression
assess
their
spatial
overlaps.
Modafinil,
but
not
placebo,
altered
three
thalamic
nuclei.
Specifically,
medial
pulvinar
nuclei
showed
increased
with
Sensorimotor
Salience/Ventral
Attention
(SVAN)
Networks.
These
changes
spatially
overlapped
distribution
norepinephrine
transporter
(NET).
anterior
inferior
complex
exhibited
enhanced
insular
supramarginal
SVAN
superior
frontal
area
Default
Mode
Network
(DMN).
However,
unlike
pulvinar,
these
linked
any
specific
receptor
transporter.
Finally,
ventrolateral
posterior
region
DMN
FrontoParietal
Network,
along
decreased
premotor
cortex.
topography
modifications
mainly
overlaps
glutamatergic
serotonergic
receptors.
summary,
our
findings
highlight
modafinil's
circuits,
emphasizing
role
higher-order
complex.
Neuropsychopharmacology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
49(6), С. 924 - 932
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024
The
rewarding
effects
of
stimulant
drugs
such
as
methylphenidate
(MP)
depend
crucially
on
how
fast
they
raise
dopamine
in
the
brain.
Yet
rate
drug-induced
increases
impacts
brain
network
communication
remains
unresolved.
We
manipulated
route
MP
administration
to
generate
versus
slow
increases.
hypothesized
that
would
result
a
differential
pattern
global
connectivity
(GBC)
association
with
regional
levels
D1
receptors,
which
are
critical
for
drug
reward.
Twenty
healthy
adults
received
intravenously
(0.5
mg/kg;
increases)
and
orally
(60
mg;
during
simultaneous
[
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2023
Abstract
Disorders
of
consciousness
(DoC)
are
a
challenging
and
complex
group
neurological
conditions
characterised
by
absent
or
impaired
awareness.
The
current
range
therapeutic
options
for
DoC
patients
is
limited,
offering
few
non-invasive
pharmacological
alternatives.
This
situation
has
sprung
growing
interest
in
the
development
novel
treatments,
such
as
proposal
to
study
efficacy
5HT2A
receptor
agonists
(also
known
psychedelics)
restore
consciousness.
Given
ethical
implications
exploring
compounds
non-communicative
individuals,
we
assessed
silico
their
effects
whole-brain
dynamics
patients.
We
embedded
activity
low-dimensional
space,
then
used
this
representation
visualise
simulated
neuromodulation
across
receptors
representing
potential
drug
targets.
Our
findings
show
that
activation
serotonergic
opioid
shifted
brain
towards
patterns
typically
seen
conscious
awake
effect
was
mediated
brain-wide
density
activated
receptors.
These
results
showcase
role
models
discovery
treatments
neuropsychiatric
conditions,
while
also
supporting
feasibility
accelerating
recovery
with
psychedelics.
