Global wildlife trade and trafficking contribute to the world’s nonhuman primate conservation crisis

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2024

A growing global human population, habitat conversion, and the indiscriminate exploitation of natural resources have created unsustainable demands on nature, resulting in widespread biodiversity loss. Primates, which represent third most specious Order mammals, are facing an extinction crisis. Currently, 69% primate species listed by IUCN as threatened (Vulnerable, Endangered, or Critically Endangered) 94% declining populations. Here, we examine two primary threats to population persistence, namely commercialized hunting capturing wild primates their body parts for food, traditional medicine, pets, use biomedical research. Both legal wildlife trade illegal trafficking multibillion-dollar industries that contribute decline, a reduction genetic diversity, local extirpation. Trade also can lead emergence infectious diseases, increasing biosecurity risks humans. Between 2015 2021, CITES reported 337,511 live representing at least 99 were legally traded, with 6.5% sourced directly from wild. The recent indictment Cambodian officials allegedly laundering wild-caught long-tailed macaques into U.S. labelling them captive-bred, highlights need greater transparency accountability. Comprehensive data extremely difficult obtain. However, between 2009 2017, accounted 20% all seizures illegally traded mammals air transport sector. International is dominated criminal networks, corruption, driven wealthy consumers. In addition, internet has expanded international opportunities connect buyers sellers parts. Despite explicit bans selling endangered primates, social media sites continue do so. Moreover, food security index (GFSI) indicate demand meat, other continued increase, majority people range nations remained insecure. Given almost 70% negatively impacted trapping, offer set recommendations reduce primates.

Язык: Английский

Climate change impacts on the predicted geographic distribution of Betula tianschanica Rupr

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

Introduction Betula tianschanica Rupr. is distributed in regions such as China, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. Owing to the impacts of climate change, it increasingly threatened by habitat fragmentation, resulting a precipitous decline its population. Currently listed endangered on Red List Trees Central Asia, this species predominantly found Tianshan Mountains. Examining influence change geographical distribution pattern crucial for management conservation wild resources. Methods This study employed two models, maximum entropy (MaxEnt) random forest (RF), combined with 116 points 27 environmental factor variables, investigate determinants project potential areas. Results The MaxEnt model RF determined primary factors influencing . showed that percentage gravel volume lower soil layer elevation are most significant, while considered precipitation wettest quarter be crucial. Both models unanimously asserted pivotal element affecting mean area under curve (AUC) scores were 0.970 0.873, respectively, revealing outperformed predictive accuracy. Consequently, present estimated modeled reference. Following model’s projected outcomes, mainly located territories Mountains, Ili River Basin, Lake Issyk-Kul, Turpan Irtysh River, Ulungur Bogda Kazakh Hills, Balkhash, Amu middle reaches Syr River. Within model, total suitable exhibits growth across all scenarios, exception observed during 2041–2060 period SSP2-4.5 scenario. Remarkably, SSP58.5 scenario same timeframe, expands significantly 42.7%. In contrast, demonstrated relatively minor fluctuations area, highest recorded increase being 12.81%. paper recommends establishing protected areas conducting long-term monitoring population dynamics, enhancing international cooperation. response future refuges should established adaptive implemented ensure survival reproduction

Язык: Английский

Threatened synanthropes depend on intact forests: a critical evaluation of Moore et al. (2023)

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 11, 2025

ABSTRACT Synanthropes are known for their remarkable adaptability to coexist with humans, yet increased visibility exposes them significant threats, such as hunting or conflict over resources. Moore et al. 's review ‘The rise of hyperabundant native generalists threatens both humans and nature’ ( https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12985 ) explores distribution patterns impacts macaques pigs in anthropogenic environments. Our critical evaluation this study revealed several substantial issues: the pooling data from species that ecologically behaviourally distinct, an error acquisition, potential biases statistical analyses, misrepresentations threats wildlife human‐impacted habitats. Additionally, we highlight lack evidence supporting authors' core assertion hyperabundance species. While compare densities abundance across various habitat types, analyses did not demonstrate population increases time. On contrary, our re‐analysis sets showed a decreasing trend Macaca nemestrina absence M. fascicularis 44% surveyed habitats characterized by medium high forest integrity. Further, findings emphasize importance intact forests predicting relative pigs. Overall, recommend more careful interpretation data, can result negative sensational discourses about overabundance, which may threaten conservation often thrive landscapes.

Язык: Английский