Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease

Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 26(0)

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2015

There is growing evidence that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota associated with pathogenesis both intestinal and extra-intestinal disorders.Intestinal disorders include inflammatory bowel disease, irritable syndrome (IBS), coeliac while allergy, asthma, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular obesity.In many these conditions, mechanisms leading to disease development involves pivotal mutualistic relationship between colonic microbiota, their products, host immune system.The establishment a 'healthy' early in life appears be critical maintaining homeostasis.Whilst we do not yet have clear understanding what constitutes picture emerging from recent studies identifying particular bacterial species healthy microbiota.In particular, residing within mucus layer colon, either through direct contact cells, or indirect communication via metabolites, may influence whether cellular homeostasis maintained are triggered.In addition inflammation, there some perturbations involved colorectal cancer.In this case, most important factor, rather products interaction diet microbiome.High-protein diets thought result production carcinogenic metabolites induction neoplasia epithelium.Ever more sensitive metabolomics methodologies reveal suite small molecules produced microbiome which mimic act as neurosignallers neurotransmitters.Coupled probiotic interventions alter psychological endpoints humans rodent models, data suggest CNS-related co-morbidities frequently GI originate intestine microbial dysbiosis.This review outlines current showing extent contributes disease.Based on date, can assess potential positively modulate composition ameliorate activity intervention.

Язык: Английский

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Bile acid–microbiota crosstalk in gastrointestinal inflammation and carcinogenesis

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 15(2), С. 111 - 128

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2017

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of Diet and Lifestyle on Gut Microbiota and Human Health

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 7(1), С. 17 - 44

Опубликована: Дек. 24, 2014

There is growing recognition of the role diet and other environmental factors in modulating composition metabolic activity human gut microbiota, which turn can impact health. This narrative review explores relevant contemporary scientific literature to provide a general perspective this broad area. Molecular technologies have greatly advanced our understanding complexity diversity microbial communities within between individuals. Diet, particularly macronutrients, has major shaping these complex populations. Despite body knowledge that exists on effects carbohydrates there are still many unanswered questions. The impacts dietary fats protein microbiota less well defined. Both short- long-term change influence profiles, infant nutrition may life-long consequences through modulation immune system. factors, including aspects lifestyle, poorly understood but some described. We also discuss use potential benefits prebiotics probiotics modify A description areas should be addressed future research presented.

Язык: Английский

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Algae as nutritional and functional food sources: revisiting our understanding

Journal of Applied Phycology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 29(2), С. 949 - 982

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Dietary polyphenols, oxidative stress and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects

Current Opinion in Food Science, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 8, С. 33 - 42

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease

Genome Medicine, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2016

The human gut harbors more than 100 trillion microbial cells, which have an essential role in metabolic regulation via their symbiotic interactions with the host. Altered ecosystems been associated increased and immune disorders animals humans. Molecular linking microbiota host energy metabolism, lipid accumulation, immunity also identified. However, exact mechanisms that link specific variations composition of development obesity diseases humans remain obscure owing to complex etiology these pathologies. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about mechanistic between microbiota, system context disease, a focus on importance axis links microbes inflammation. Finally, therapeutic approaches aimed at reshaping ecosystem regulate related pathologies, as well challenges area.

Язык: Английский

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MR1 presents microbial vitamin B metabolites to MAIT cells

Nature, Год журнала: 2012, Номер 491(7426), С. 717 - 723

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2012

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome of the Hadza hunter-gatherers

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2014, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2014

Human gut microbiota directly influences health and provides an extra means of adaptive potential to different lifestyles. To explore variation in understand how these bacteria may have co-evolved with humans, here we investigate the phylogenetic diversity metabolite production from a community human hunter-gatherers, Hadza Tanzania. We show that higher levels microbial richness biodiversity than Italian urban controls. Further comparisons two rural farming African groups illustrate other features unique can be linked foraging lifestyle. These include absence Bifidobacterium differences composition between sexes probably reflect sexual division labour. Furthermore, enrichment Prevotella, Treponema unclassified Bacteroidetes, as well peculiar arrangement Clostridiales taxa, enhance Hadza's ability digest extract valuable nutrition fibrous plant foods. Gut microbes influence our contribute adaptation Here, authors describe microbiome hunter-gatherers identify could

Язык: Английский

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Disease-Specific Alterations in the Enteric Virome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Cell, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 160(3), С. 447 - 460

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Consumption of Fermented Milk Product With Probiotic Modulates Brain Activity

Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2013, Номер 144(7), С. 1394 - 1401.e4

Опубликована: Март 6, 2013

Язык: Английский

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