npj Parkinson s Disease,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 12, 2020
Abstract
In
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD),
gastrointestinal
features
are
common
and
often
precede
the
motor
signs.
Braak
colleagues
proposed
that
PD
may
start
in
gut,
triggered
by
a
pathogen,
spread
to
brain.
Numerous
studies
have
examined
gut
microbiome
PD;
all
found
it
be
altered,
but
inconsistent
results
on
associated
microorganisms.
Studies
date
been
small
(
N
=
20
306)
difficult
compare
or
combine
due
varied
methodology.
We
conducted
microbiome-wide
association
study
(MWAS)
with
two
large
datasets
for
internal
replication
333
507).
used
uniform
methodology
when
possible,
interrogated
confounders,
applied
statistical
tests
concordance,
followed
correlation
network
analysis
infer
interactions.
Fifteen
genera
were
at
significance
level,
both
datasets,
methods,
without
covariate
adjustment.
The
associations
not
independent,
rather
they
represented
three
clusters
of
co-occurring
Cluster
1
was
composed
opportunistic
pathogens
elevated
PD.
2
short-chain
fatty
acid
(SCFA)-producing
bacteria
reduced
3
carbohydrate-metabolizing
probiotics
Depletion
anti-inflammatory
SCFA-producing
levels
confirmatory.
Overabundance
is
an
original
finding
their
identity
provides
lead
experimentally
test
role
Gut,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
69(8), С. 1510 - 1519
Опубликована: Май 14, 2020
The
human
gut
microbiome
is
a
complex
ecosystem
that
can
mediate
the
interaction
of
host
with
their
environment.
between
microbes
and
commonly
used
non-antibiotic
drugs
bidirectional:
composition
be
influenced
by
drugs,
but,
vice
versa,
also
influence
an
individual's
response
to
drug
enzymatically
transforming
drug's
structure
altering
its
bioavailability,
bioactivity
or
toxicity
(pharmacomicrobiomics).
indirectly
impact
immunotherapy
in
cancer
treatment.
In
this
review
we
discuss
bidirectional
interactions
describe
changes
microbiota
induced
potential
clinical
consequences
summarise
how
impacts
effectiveness
role
immunotherapy.
Understanding
metabolises
reduces
treatment
efficacy
will
unlock
possibility
modulating
improve
Nutrients,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(6), С. 2099 - 2099
Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2021
Emerging
evidence
indicates
that
gut
microbiota
is
important
in
the
regulation
of
brain
activity
and
cognitive
functions.
Microbes
mediate
communication
among
metabolic,
peripheral
immune,
central
nervous
systems
via
microbiota–gut–brain
axis.
However,
it
not
well
understood
how
microbiome
neurons
mutually
interact
or
these
interactions
affect
normal
functioning
cognition.
We
summarize
mechanisms
whereby
regulate
production,
transportation,
neurotransmitters.
also
discuss
dysbiosis
affects
function,
especially
neurodegenerative
diseases
such
as
Alzheimer’s
disease
Parkinson’s
disease.
npj Parkinson s Disease,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Март 10, 2021
The
gut
microbiota
is
emerging
as
an
important
modulator
of
neurodegenerative
diseases,
and
accumulating
evidence
has
linked
microbes
to
Parkinson's
disease
(PD)
symptomatology
pathophysiology.
PD
often
preceded
by
gastrointestinal
symptoms
alterations
the
enteric
nervous
system
accompany
disease.
Several
studies
have
analyzed
microbiome
in
PD,
but
a
consensus
on
features
PD-specific
missing.
Here,
we
conduct
meta-analysis
re-analyzing
ten
currently
available
16S
datasets
investigate
whether
common
patients
exist
across
cohorts.
We
found
significant
PD-associated
microbiome,
which
are
robust
study-specific
technical
heterogeneities,
although
differences
structure
between
controls
small.
Enrichment
genera
Lactobacillus,
Akkermansia,
Bifidobacterium
depletion
bacteria
belonging
Lachnospiraceae
family
Faecalibacterium
genus,
both
short-chain
fatty
acids
producers,
emerged
most
consistent
alterations.
This
dysbiosis
might
result
pro-inflammatory
status
could
be
recurrent
affecting
patients.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
10
Опубликована: Март 24, 2020
Background
Several
studies
suggested
an
important
role
of
the
gut
microbiota
in
pathophysiology
neurological
disorders,
implying
that
alteration
might
serve
as
a
treatment
strategy.
Fecal
transplantation
(FMT)
is
currently
most
effective
intervention
and
accepted
for
recurrent
Clostridioioides
difficile
infections.
To
evaluate
indications
FMT
patients
with
we
summarized
available
literature
on
FMT.
In
addition,
provide
suggestions
future
directions.
Methods
July
2019,
five
main
databases
were
searched
case
descriptions
disorders
humans
or
animal
models.
ClinicalTrials.gov
website
was
consulted
registered
planned
ongoing
trials.
Results
Of
541
identified
studies,
34
included
analysis.
Clinical
trials
have
been
performed
autism
spectrum
disorder
showed
beneficial
effects
symptoms.
For
multiple
sclerosis
Parkinson's
disease,
several
positive
effect
FMT,
supported
by
some
reports
humans.
epilepsy,
Tourette
syndrome,
diabetic
neuropathy
but
evidence
restricted
to
limited
numbers
studies.
stroke,
Alzheimer's
disease
Guillain-Barré
syndrome
only
models
identified.
These
potential
healthy
donor
contrast,
one
study
model
stroke
increased
mortality
after
Whether
findings
from
can
be
confirmed
human
diseases
awaits
seen.
above
mentioned
are
ongoing,
well
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis.
Conclusions
Preliminary
suggests
may
promising
option
disorders.
However,
still
scanty
contrasting
results
observed.
Limited
while
experiments
conducted.
Large
double-blinded
randomized
controlled
needed
further
elucidate
